Les observatoires de Accem dans la province de Guadalajara.

International audienceLa tache globale faite dans les deux projets a consisté a transformer les centres de ACCEM en des lieux dynamiseurs de la vie socio -économique du territoire, a travers de la participation de divers acteurs et agents sociaux, organismes publiques et privée

The role of snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere winter to summer transition

This paper examines the role of North Hemisphere snow cover in the linkage between the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the summer Northern Annular Mode (NAM). This transition is partially supported by the persistence of the NAO-induced snow cover anomalies and the asymmetric thermal distribution induced by summer snow cover. We define an index of subpolar temperature difference which links winter NAO with the subsequent summer NAM. The index is also significant in the linkage between summer and winter climates and can be used as an useful predictor of the upcoming winter NAO

Patterns of Fluctuation of Employment in the European Union: National Cycles and Effects of Tertiarization

The paper has two aims. First, to study the possible relationships existing between cyclical fluctuations of employment by countries in the EU and the EU as a whole. And, second, to analyse the effects produced by the intense and increasing growth of employment in service industries in such fluctuations. In short, a first aim is to analyse the fact that cyclical movements of employment by countries (EU context)show some diffenreces and, on the second objective is to explore if the increasing presence of services in the employment structure has or not important consequences on employment fluctuations at national level. The first part of the paper analyses the cyclical fluctuations of employment in each of the EU countries, as a basis to set up the differences btw. countries and to establish the European cycle of employment. The second part is focused on the study of the apparent relationship existing between national fluctuations of employment and the structural changes as an explaining factor. Finally, the paper also analyses if there is or not a process of convergence (progressive adjustment) between the European countries and if they tend to adjust themselves to the more general trends observed. The lack of a European data-base on employment fluctuations at regional level (quarterly) impedes actually to extend the analysis to this level. Nevertheless, a case-study on a country and its regions will be included to test the differences/coincidences compared to the paper's general conclusions.

Valoración del renombre de las marcas deportivas : un análisis empírico para las marcas españolas de clubes de fútbol

La gestión de una marca deportiva, tiene una consideración estratégica. La marca es la herramientafundamental para crear y mantener una ventaja competitiva sostenible en un gran número desectores económicos, especialmente en el deporte y más concretamente en los clubes de fútbol. Este trabajo pretende estudiar el valor de marca contrastado empíricamente de los clubes de fútbol españoles puesto que es un instrumento clave tanto desde el punto de vista del valor relacional en el mercado como en el plano de la valoración económico-financiera y valor para los accionistas.The management of a sport brand has a strategic consideration. The brand is the main tool to make and keep a competitive and sustainable advantage in a great number of economic sectors, specifically in sports, and specifically in football clubs. This research tries to empirically contrast the brand value of the Spanish football clubs. This brand value is a key instrument from the point of view of relational market value, as well as the level of economic-financial and shareholder values.Publicad

Niveles de satisfacción en usuarios de piscinas cubiertas con la profundidad del vaso utlizado para la práctica

El acercamiento de nuevos sectores de población al deporte ha dado lugar a una diversificación en las actividades demandadas y en las motivaciones para la práctica. Sin embargo, en el caso de las actividades acuáticas, muchos asos cubiertos siguen siendo disenados, en dimensiones y profundidad, para responder a intereses de rendimiento y competición. Estas consideraciones, especialmente la referida a la profundidad, conllevan limitaciones para la realización de programas ajustados a las nuevas necesidades y, además, pueden generar insatisfacción entre los usuarios. En el presente trabajo se analizan los niveles de satisfacción de usuarios de piscinas cubiertas con distintos aspectos relativos a la profundidad. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que en vasos profundos se registran menores niveles de satisfacción entre los usuarios.The approach of new population sectors to sport has given rise to a wide range of requested activities and motivations to practice. However, in several sectors like water activities, many sports facilities such as indoor swimming pools are still being designed, in terms of dimensions and depths, in order to respond to performance and competition interests. These considerations, especially as far as depth is concerned, entail limitations to the fulfilment of programmes that suit new necessities and, what is more, can also generate dissatisfaction among users. This study analyses the satisfaction level of indoor swimming pool users with different issues related to depth. The results obtained show that a high depth of indoor pool generates lower satisfaction levels among users

European summer temperatures since Roman times

The spatial context is criticalwhen assessing present-day climate anomalies, attributing them to potential forcings and making statements regarding their frequency and severity in a long-term perspective. Recent international initiatives have expanded the number of high-quality proxy-records and developed new statistical reconstruction methods. These advances allow more rigorous regional past temperature reconstructions and, in turn, the possibility of evaluating climate models on policy-relevant, spatiotemporal scales. Here we provide a new proxy-based, annually-resolved, spatial reconstruction of the European summer (June-August) temperature fields back to 755 CE based on Bayesian hierarchical modelling (BHM), together with estimates of the European mean temperature variation since 138 BCE based on BHM and composite-plus-scaling (CPS). Our reconstructions compare well with independent instrumental and proxy-based temperature estimates, but suggest a larger amplitude in summer temperature variability than previously reported. Both CPS and BHM reconstructions indicate that the mean 20th century European summer temperature was not significantly different from some earlier centuries, including the 1st, 2nd, 8th and 10th centuries CE. The 1st century (in BHM also the 10th century) may even have been slightly warmer than the 20th century, but the difference is not statistically significant. Comparing each 50 yr period with the 1951-2000 period reveals a similar pattern. Recent summers, however, have been unusually warm in the context of the last two millennia and there are no 30 yr periods in either reconstruction that exceed the mean average European summer temperature of the last 3 decades (1986-2015 CE). A comparison with an ensemble of climate model simulations suggests that the reconstructed European summer temperature variability over the period 850-2000 CE reflects changes in both internal variability and external forcing on multi-decadal time-scales. For pan-European temperatures we find slightly better agreement between the reconstruction and the model simulations with high-end estimates for total solar irradiance. Temperature differences between the medieval period, the recent period and the Little Ice Age are larger in the reconstructions than the simulations. This may indicate inflated variability of the reconstructions, a lack of sensitivity and processes to changes in external forcing on the simulated European climate and/or an underestimation of internal variability on centennial and longer time scales

Sustainable, Smart and Muslim-Friendly Tourist Destinations

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools are perfect for developing tourism. Several countries are making an effort to become smart and sustainable tourist destinations, making it easier for tourists to interact with their environment while at the same time improving the quality of life for local people. There are many studies of this process and the benefits it brings, although most of them approach the subject from a western traveler's point of view. This article aims to study the benefits of being a smart and Muslim-friendly tourist destination. An exploratory study was therefore carried out, including a bibliographical review of over one hundred secondary sources. We analyze the Muslim-friendly online services provided by nine destinations, and one of our principal conclusions is that these online services are of the greatest importance for a destination to be truly Muslim-friendly. We also conclude that such services allow companies to design tailored proposals and promote them through digital channels aimed at Muslim people

Gestión de calidad como estrategia clave de la felicidad en el deporte federado

La relación entre el deporte y la felicidad es un hecho probado en multitud de ocasiones. El ejercicio físico aporta al deportista diversas sensaciones positivas, todas ellas muy relacionadas con el término felicidad. Por tanto, partiendo del hecho de que la práctica deportiva produce felicidad, el objetivo de este estudio es de averiguar qué variables influyen principalmente en la felicidad del deportista y en concreto, del deportista federado. Una de las novedades de este estudio es que los resultados podrían ayudar a los miembros de las juntas directivas de las federaciones a tomar buenas decisiones y poder contribuir en mayor forma a la felicidad del deportista federado. Las principales variables que encontramos en la literatura que influyen positivamente en la felicidad son la calidad percibida y la satisfacción. A su vez encontramos estudios que confirman la influencia de la confianza y las relaciones sociales sobre la felicidad. El estudio empírico se ha realizado a través de datos primarios mediante encuesta sobre una muestra de 601 individuos federados en las distintas federaciones autonómicas de España, concretamente en la modalidad deportiva de kárate. Los resultados obtenidos confirman todas las hipótesis planteadas en este estudio por lo que como indicaba la literatura revisada las cuatro variables analizadas (la calidad percibida, la satisfacción, la confianza y las relaciones sociales) influyen de forma significativa y positivamente en la felicidad.//The relationship between sport and happiness has been proven on many occasions. On this way, physical sport gives sportspeople positive feelings which are all related to the term happiness. So, based on the fact that taking part in sports increases happiness, the main objective of this study is therefore to determine which variables have the greatest influence on sportspeople’s happiness, focusing specifically on federation members. One of the new developments in this study is that the results may help members of the Governing Boards of these federations to take better decisions and contribute more to the happiness of sportspeople who are federation members. The principal variables mentioned in the literature as having a positive influence on happiness are perceived quality and satisfaction. We have also found studies that confirm the influence of both trust and social relationships on happiness. The empirical research has used primary data from a survey of 601 members of the Spanish regional federations, specifically in the sport modality of karate. Our results confirm all the hypotheses advances in this study. Thus, as indicated by the literature reviewed, the four variables studied (perceived quality and satisfaction, trust and social relationships) all exert significant positive influence on levels of happiness

The impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty in hypermarkets: A new socially responsible strategy

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to knowledge on the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities on retailers' performance (hypermarkets). An analysis using a comprehensive conceptualization of CSR reveals that CSR has positive implications for hypermarkets' performance and illustrates which CSR dimensions are the most important to focus on. For this purpose, this study enhances its empirical validity by collecting data from 667 respondents in Spain and testing the hypothesis applying partial least squares structural equation modeling. The study finds that CSR is positively influencing customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction, image, and quality also intervened in their relationships. In particular, a new finding of the study highlights the importance of the mediating role played by image and quality in enhancing the effect of CSR on satisfaction. The research findings provide useful insights into how hypermarkets should develop a CSR strategy that would enhance customer loyalty

Promoting Social Media Engagement Via Branded Content Communication: A Fashion Brands Study on Instagram

Social networks have become crucial communication channels for brands through awareness, engagement, and word of mouth. Instagram is firmly positioned as a direct gateway between brands and consumers, as it became the fifth most‐used social network globally in 2021. As such, branded content is expected to increase the brand's likability, by capturing the interest and attention of the consumer, which could differ depending on what social media platform is used. This study aims to analyze whether there is a relationship between the branded content published on the Instagram profile of luxury brands (Manolo Blahnik and Loewe) and the interactions of and with its followers, focusing on branded content commu‐ nication associated to industrial, social responsibility, and commercial issues. A correlational study is presented using a quantitative methodology to test the hypotheses through an ANOVA analysis. The results show which type of content is more productive on Instagram's social network profile, helping diffusion of the firm, as it provokes more reactions from followers when using branded content related to social responsibility. It is also worth noting the extent of the interactions that branded content shows within the brand, whose influence is detected not in averages but in reach. The study's con‐ clusions allow us to affirm that branded content directly impacts brand reputation, generating positive engagement in all the cases analyzed. The study contributes to a better understanding of the branded content effect on consumer