3D MODELING WITH PHOTOGRAMMETRY BY UAVS AND MODEL QUALITY VERIFICATION

This paper deals with a test lead by Geomatics laboratory (DICEAM, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria), concerning the application of UAV photogrammetry for survey, monitoring and checking. The study case relies with the surroundings of the Department of Agriculture Sciences. In the last years, such area was interested by landslides and survey activities carried out to take the phenomenon under control. For this purpose, a set of digital images were acquired through a UAV equipped with a digital camera and GPS. Successively, the processing for the production of a 3D georeferenced model was performed by using the commercial software Agisoft PhotoScan. Similarly, the use of a terrestrial laser scanning technique allowed to product dense cloud and 3D models of the same area. To assess the accuracy of the UAV-derived 3D models, a comparison between image and range-based methods was performed

UAV AND COMPUTER VISION, DETECTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE LOSSES AND 3D MODELING

The degradation of buildings, or rather the decline of their initial performances following external agents both natural (cold-thaw, earthquake, salt, etc.) and artificial (industrial field, urban setting, etc.), in the years lead to the necessity of developing Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) intended to give useful information for an explanation of a potential deterioration without damaging the state of buildings. An accurate examination of damages, of the repeat of cracks in condition of similar stress, indicate the existence of principles that control the creation of these events. There is no doubt that a precise visual analysis is at the bottom of a correct evaluation of the building. This paper deals with the creation of 3D models based on the capture of digital images, through autopilot flight UAV, for civil buildings situated on the area of Reggio Calabria. The following elaboration is done thanks to the use of commercial software, based on specific algorithms of the Structure from Motion (SfM) technique. SfM represents an important progress in the aerial and terrestrial survey field obtaining results, in terms of time and quality, comparable to those achievable through more traditional data capture methodologies

INTEGRATED GIS SYSTEM FOR POST-FIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENTS WITH REMOTE SENSING

Abstract. Fires continue to devour hundreds of thousands of hectares of forest even in 2020, generating gigantic damage to the ecosystem, if we think that we are in the midst of a climate crisis caused precisely by CO2 emissions into the atmosphere by man, due to burning of fossil fuels. The action to safeguard the territory and the fight against its progressive environmental degradation focus a great attention towards forest fires, also considering the enormous environmental damage that these have caused to important and very large areas of the globe. The aim of the contribution that we here propose is the design and implementation of a software tool that performs predictive functions of triggering possible forest fires, thanks to the integration and manipulation of data from different sources and processed by predictive mathematical models, to support decisions; the comparison of techniques for the processing of high-resolution remote sensing data from optical satellites for the best automatic discrimination of the areas covered by fire plays a fundamental role in the analysis. This allows managing the burnt areas also considering subsequent fire risks, and the integration of the techniques developed in a GIS in order to obtain an accurate perimeter and a fire risk map prevision

LASER SCANNER TECHNOLOGY, GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR AND AUGMENTED REALITY FOR THE SURVEY AND RECOVERY OF ARTISTIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE

In this study, using technologies such as laser scanner and GPR it was desired to see their potential in the cultural heritage. Also with regard to the processing part we are compared the results obtained by the various commercial software and algorithms developed and implemented in Matlab. Moreover, Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality allow integrating the real world with historical-artistic information, laser scanners and georadar (GPR) data and virtual objects, virtually enriching it with multimedia elements, graphic and textual information accessible through smartphones and tablets

THE SUBMERGED HERITAGE: A VIRTUAL JOURNEY IN OUR SEABED

On 21 and 22 August 1972, a young diver near the coast of Riace Marina (South Italy) found two bronze statues representing one of the highest moments of the sculptural production and the most important archaeological discovery of the last century: the Riace Bronzes. The Geomatics Laboratory of the Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria sets a goal to relive and re-propose the experience of a real immersion and the exciting moment of the discovery: an immersive journey in the interest of interactivity in virtual reality. Immersive Virtual Reality tries to combine the real and the virtual world, even involving our senses. In other words, it allows us to enter into the scenery like the virtual reality one, but without being just simple spectators. We become protagonists and we can participate and decide what to do and how to do it. Unity 3D is the multi-platform development environment used. The scenarios and the objects included in the scene from three-dimensional models were realized through photogrammetric techniques (seabed and bronzes). Remote Operated Vehicles (ROVs) have been widely used in recent times by researchers to explore underwater environments, both in shallow and deep water, for different types of studies. The seabed was detected through the aid of an experimental ROV (realized in a broader project of agreement with the IPCF CNR Messina). The use of a grid of known dimensions assisted the ROV’s use in order to correct the effects of distortion effects obtained in water. The proposed app is still being perfected and completed

UAV AND COMPUTER VISION, DETECTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE LOSSES AND 3D MODELING

The degradation of buildings, or rather the decline of their initial performances following external agents both natural (cold-thaw, earthquake, salt, etc.) and artificial (industrial field, urban setting, etc.), in the years lead to the necessity of developing Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) intended to give useful information for an explanation of a potential deterioration without damaging the state of buildings. An accurate examination of damages, of the repeat of cracks in condition of similar stress, indicate the existence of principles that control the creation of these events. There is no doubt that a precise visual analysis is at the bottom of a correct evaluation of the building. This paper deals with the creation of 3D models based on the capture of digital images, through autopilot flight UAV, for civil buildings situated on the area of Reggio Calabria. The following elaboration is done thanks to the use of commercial software, based on specific algorithms of the Structure from Motion (SfM) technique. SfM represents an important progress in the aerial and terrestrial survey field obtaining results, in terms of time and quality, comparable to those achievable through more traditional data capture methodologies

LASER SCANNER TECHNOLOGY, GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR AND AUGMENTED REALITY FOR THE SURVEY AND RECOVERY OF ARTISTIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE

In this study, using technologies such as laser scanner and GPR it was desired to see their potential in the cultural heritage. Also with regard to the processing part we are compared the results obtained by the various commercial software and algorithms developed and implemented in Matlab. Moreover, Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality allow integrating the real world with historical-artistic information, laser scanners and georadar (GPR) data and virtual objects, virtually enriching it with multimedia elements, graphic and textual information accessible through smartphones and tablets

PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TECHNIQUES FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF UNDERWATER 3D MODELS OF SEABED AND ARTIFACTS

The digital representation of hydraulic engineering works such as dykes or barriers is a sector that is becoming increasingly important. In general, however, the 3D relief of semi-submerged structures is still a problem. The Geomatics Laboratory in collaboration with CNR-IPCF of Messina as part of a broader project to analyze the variations of the coast lines and the seabed of the province of Reggio Calabria (southern Italy), has developed an experimental system of acquisition and processing of digital images acquired via UAV and (Remotely operated vehicle) ROV. The present note describes the design and construction characteristics of the ROV realized and used, the advantages and limitations of the use of a small and low-cost ROV, as well as the results obtained during the experimentation phase. The process of surveying of the sub-emerged structure inquired and the relative construction of a unique 3D model are also described. The two surveys were first elaborated separately and then united in a single reference system by means of the visible markers in the area straddling the sea surface. Finally, the bathymetry values obtained from the classic echo sounder system and those obtained from the model obtained were compared

INTEGRATION OF 3D MODEL FROM UAV SURVEY IN BIM ENVIRONMENT

Relevant cultural heritage buildings have been subject to numerous maintenance interventions over the years. Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology is already part of the construction industry especially in the design phase and is considered as a very useful tool. From a survey with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), using photogrammetry is possible to determine characteristics such as sizes and shape object, volumes, areas, distances, elevations and furthermore the reconstruction of high-quality model. A whole integration between the two methods will be a “game changer” for the construction sector. Moreover, old buildings have complex architecture, with high and particular details that today's BIM software’s aren’t able to perfectly represent today.In this paper, we present a methodology to integrate into BIM environment a 3D reconstruction as-built drawings of an old church using photogrammetric techniques, in order to find a solution to reproduce the complex details present in ancient buildings.</p

A COMBINED STUDY OF ART WORKS PRESERVED IN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUMS: 3D SURVEY, SPECTROSCOPIC APPROACH AND AUGMENTED REALITY

The renewed interest, in the context of international museological studies, for historical installations such as museographic devices (able to give shape to a space duly dialoguing with the user), is due today to their communicative immediacy. In recent years the availability of libraries and tools for the use of augmented reality (AR) content has undergone an important increase. AR innovation represents a new method for enhancing the presence visitors into the museum industry despite its use leads to an increase in costs and instrumental investments. In this regard, in a wider work of valorisation and dissemination of archaeological heritage, we are working on the development of an app for tourism purposes. The aim of this paper is the application of some techniques (3D modelling, spectroscopy, virtual reality) to study, record and make available information about archaeological artefacts preserved in the Regional Museum of Lipari (clay masks) and in the National Archaeological Museum of Reggio Calabria (the statue Kouros and the Amphoras). The three-dimensional models produced are well suited to applications of augmented reality for the promotion and dissemination of information on the archaeological /architectural/cultural heritage.Moreover, the integration of the information about characterization of materials are essential in order to identify both geographic area of provenience and manufacturing historic period. Some pigments or medium, and in general all materials, can be indeed connected to a determinate historic time or to a specific artist; to this particular purpose spectroscopic methods are valid approach for their non-destructive nature.</p