4,382 research outputs found
Vibration characteristics of 1/8-scale dynamic models of the space-shuttle solid-rocket boosters
Vibration tests and analyses of six 1/8 scale models of the space shuttle solid rocket boosters are reported. Natural vibration frequencies and mode shapes were obtained for these aluminum shell models having internal solid fuel configurations corresponding to launch, midburn (maximum dynamic pressure), and near endburn (burnout) flight conditions. Test results for longitudinal, torsional, bending, and shell vibration frequencies are compared with analytical predictions derived from thin shell theory and from finite element plate and beam theory. The lowest analytical longitudinal, torsional, bending, and shell vibration frequencies were within + or - 10 percent of experimental values. The effects of damping and asymmetric end skirts on natural vibration frequency were also considered. The analytical frequencies of an idealized full scale space shuttle solid rocket boosted structure are computed with and without internal pressure and are compared with the 1/8 scale model results
ASCA Observations of GX 354-0 and KS 1731-260
We report on ASCA observations of the low mass X-ray binaries GX 354-0 and KS
1731-260. The spectrum of GX 354-0 is best described as a power-law or a
Comptonized spectrum with tau ~ 5 and kT ~ 8 keV and a residual at ~6.5 keV.
The residual may be a disk reflection or a Compton broadened Gaussian line from
the hot inner ADAF-like coronal region. The absorption column density to the
source is 2.9e22 cm^-2. No soft thermal component was detected. The spectrum
from KS 1731-260 is softer and it is best fit with a two component model with a
column density of 1.1e22 cm^-2. The likely interpretation is emission from a
Comptonizing cloud with an optical depth tau>12 and either a neutron star or a
disk blackbody emission. We discuss the likely location of the Comptonizing
cloud for both sources within the context of several proposed emission models.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journa
Update on the ICUD-SIU consultation on multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging in localised prostate cancer
Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) imaging is a rapidly evolving field. Dramatic improvements in prostate MRI during the last decade will probably change the accuracy of diagnosis. This chapter reviews recent current evidence about MRI diagnostic performance and impact on PCa management. Materials and methods: The International Consultation on Urological Diseases nominated a committee to review the literature on prostate MRI. A search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify articles focussed on MP-MRI detection and staging protocols, reporting and scoring systems, the role of MP-MRI in diagnosing PCa prior to biopsy, in active surveillance, in focal therapy and in detecting local recurrence after treatment. Results: Differences in opinion were reported in the use of the strength of magnets [1.5 Tesla (T) vs. 3T] and coils. More agreement was found regarding the choice of pulse sequences; diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI), dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE MRI), and/or MR spectroscopy imaging (MRSI) are recommended in addition to conventional T2-weighted anatomical sequences. In 2015, the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS version 2) was described to standardize image acquisition and interpretation. MP-MRI improves detection of clinically significant PCa (csPCa) in the repeat biopsy setting or before the confirmatory biopsy in patients considering active surveillance. It is useful to guide focal treatment and to detect local recurrences after treatment. Its role in biopsy-naive patients or during the course of active surveillance remains debated. Conclusion: MP-MRI is increasingly used to improve detection of csPCa and for the selection of a suitable therapeutic approach
RXTE Studies of X-ray Spectral Variations with Accretion Rate in 4U 1915-05
We present the results of detailed spectral studies of the ultra-compact low
mass X-ray binary (LMXB) 4U 1915-05 carried out with the Rossi X-ray Timing
Explorer (RXTE) during 1996. 4U 1915-05 is an X-ray burster (XRB) known to
exhibit a ~199-day modulation in its 2--12 keV flux. Observations were
performed with the PCA and HEXTE instruments on RXTE at roughly one-month
intervals to sample this long-term period and study accretion rate-related
spectral changes. We obtain good fits with a model consisting of a blackbody
and an exponentially cut-off power law. The spectral parameters are strongly
correlated with both the broad-band (2--50 keV) luminosity and the position in
the color-color diagram, with the source moving from a low hard state to a high
soft state as the accretion rate increases. The blackbody component appears to
drive the spectral evolution. Our results are consistent with a geometry in
which the soft component arises from an optically thick boundary layer and the
hard component from an extended Comptonizing corona. Comparing our results with
those of a similar study of the brighter source 4U 1820-30 (Bloser et al.
2000), we find that the two ultra-compact LMXBs occupy similar spectral states
even though the transitions occur at very different total luminosities.Comment: 27 pages LaTeX, 8 figures, accepted to the Astrophysical Journa
Constraining the equation of state of supra-nuclear dense matter from XMM-Newton observations of neutron stars in globular clusters
We report on the detailed modelling of the X-ray spectra of three likely
neutron stars. The neutron stars, observed with XMM-Newton are found in three
quiescent X-ray binaries in the globular clusters: omega Cen, M 13 and NGC
2808. Whether they are accreting at very low rates or radiating energy from an
accretion heated core, their X-ray spectra are expected to be those of a
hydrogen atmosphere. We use and compare publicly available hydrogen atmosphere
models, with constant and varying surface gravities to constrain the masses and
radii of the neutron stars. Thanks to the high XMM-Newton throughput, and the
accurate distances available for these clusters, using the latest science
analysis software release and calibration of the XMM-Newton EPIC cameras, we
derive the most stringent constraints on the masses and radii of the neutron
stars obtained to date from these systems. A comparison of the models indicate
that previously used hydrogen atmosphere models (assuming constant surface
gravity) tend to underestimate the mass and overestimate the radius of neutron
stars. Our data constrain the allowed equations of state to those which concern
normal nucleonic matter and one possible strange quark matter model, thus
constraining radii to be from 8 km and masses up to 2.4 M.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted to be published in The Astrophysical
Journa
Complexity analysis of Klein-Gordon single-particle systems
The Fisher-Shannon complexity is used to quantitatively estimate the
contribution of relativistic effects to on the internal disorder of
Klein-Gordon single-particle Coulomb systems which is manifest in the rich
variety of three-dimensional geometries of its corresponding quantum-mechanical
probability density. It is observed that, contrary to the non-relativistic
case, the Fisher-Shannon complexity of these relativistic systems does depend
on the potential strength (nuclear charge). This is numerically illustrated for
pionic atoms. Moreover, its variation with the quantum numbers (n, l, m) is
analysed in various ground and excited states. It is found that the
relativistic effects enhance when n and/or l are decreasing.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Accepted in EPL (Europhysics Letters
Morphological analysis on the coherence of kHz QPOs
We take the recently published data of twin kHz quasi-period oscillations
(QPOs) in neutron star (NS) lowmass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) as the samples, and
investigate the morphology of the samples, which focuses on the quality factor,
peak frequency of kHz QPOs, and try to infer their physical mechanism. We
notice that: (1) The quality factors of upper kHz QPOs are low (2 ~ 20 in
general) and increase with the kHz QPO peak frequencies for both Z and Atoll
sources. (2) The distribution of quality factor versus frequency for the lower
kHz QPOs are quite different between Z and Atoll sources. For most Z source
samples, the quality factors of lower kHz QPOs are low (usually lower than 15)
and rise steadily with the peak frequencies except for Sco X-1, which drop
abruptly at the frequency of about 750 Hz. While for most Atoll sources, the
quality factors of lower kHz QPOs are very high (from 2 to 200) and usually
have a rising part, a maximum and an abrupt drop. (3) There are three Atoll
sources (4U 1728-34, 4U 1636-53 and 4U 1608-52) of displaying very high quality
factors for lower kHz QPOs. These three sources have been detected with the
spin frequencies and sidebands, in which the source with higher spin frequency
presents higher quality factor of lower kHz QPOs and lower difference between
sideband frequency and lower kHz QPO frequency.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, publishe
ON NON-RIEMANNIAN PARALLEL TRANSPORT IN REGGE CALCULUS
We discuss the possibility of incorporating non-Riemannian parallel transport
into Regge calculus. It is shown that every Regge lattice is locally equivalent
to a space of constant curvature. Therefore well known-concepts of differential
geometry imply the definition of an arbitrary linear affine connection on a
Regge lattice.Comment: 12 pages, Plain-TEX, two figures (available from the author
Behavior of the diffractive cross section in hadron-nucleus collisions
A phenomenological analysis of diffractive dissociation of nuclei in
proton-nucleus and meson-nucleus collisions is presented. The theoretical
approach employed here is able to take into account at once data of the HELIOS
and EHS/NA22 collaborations that exhibit quite different atomic mass
dependences. Possible extensions of this approach to hard diffraction in
nuclear processes are also discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Effect of the Equivalence Between Topological and Electric Charge on the Magnetization of the Hall Ferromagnet
The dependence on temperature of the spin magnetization of a two-dimensional
electron gas at filling factor unity is studied. Using classical Monte Carlo
simulations we analyze the effect that the equivalence between topological and
electrical charge has on the the behavior of the magnetization. We find that at
intermediate temperatures the spin polarization increases in a thirty per cent
due to the Hartree interaction between charge fluctuations.Comment: 4 pages. Submitted to Phys.Rev.
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