Comparison of salivary proteome of children with different sensitivities for bitter and sweet tastes: association with body mass index

Background/objectives: Oral sensorial perception is a key aspect in food choices and knowing the mechanisms modulating such perception is of major importance in the context of child obesity, which is reaching high rates in Mediterranean countries. Salivary proteome has been linked to taste sensitivity in adults. The aim of this study was to search for differences in salivary proteomes of children with different bitter or sweet taste sensitivities and to assess if these potential differences are associated with their body mass index percentile (BMI percentile). Subjects/methods: 387 children aged 8-9 years old were assessed for BMI percentile and classified according to their sensitivity to bitter and sweet tastes, according to their caffeine and sucrose detection thresholds, respectively. Saliva protein composition was compared among taste sensitivity groups, taking into account BMI percentile and gender, using gel-based proteomics approaches, coupled to mass spectrometry for protein identification. Results: Among the salivary proteins related to bitter taste sensitivity, higher levels of cystatins were observed in bitter-sensitive children, in the case of those of normal weight, and in bitter low-sensitive, in the case of overweight children. For sweetness, the relationship between saliva and taste perception was also dependent on BMI percentile, with several proteins (including salivary cystatins) differing between taste sensitivity groups, with disparities arising between normal-weight and overweight children. Cystatin isoforms A, B and SA were observed to be considerably increased in saliva from obese children. Conclusions: Salivary proteome is related with sensitivities to bitter and sweet tastes in children, but the association is dependent on BMI percentile and gender

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Killing her softly

vi, 597 p. : ill.; 21 c

An unusual congenital hepatic cyst in an adolescent and review of differential diagnoses of complex liver cysts

<p>The diagnosis of a simple hepatic cyst is not difficult, but diagnostic confusion occurs when atypical features such as intracystic debris or extremely large size are present. In children, simple liver cysts are described as small, asymptomatic, and rarely hemorrhagic. We report an adolescent male presenting with an unusually large hepatic cyst that did not have typical imaging characteristics. The imaging findings and histology are displayed along with the differential diagnoses of complex liver cysts.</p

GFI1B, EVI5, MYB—Additional genes that cooperate with the human BCL6 gene to promote the development of lymphomas

Film Metronom predstavlja autorovu želju prikazati prolaznosti i starosti, neiscrpne teme koje će se ponavljati. Kroz metrični ritam zvukova pratimo autorovog djeda u njegovom ritualnom ponavljanju svakodnevice.The Metronome movie represents the author's desire to portray transients and ageing, inexhaustible themes that will be repeated. Through the metrical rhythm of the sounds we follow the author's grandfather in his ritual repetition of everyday life

A BCL6/BCOR/SIRT1 complex triggers neurogenesis and suppresses medulloblastoma by repressing Sonic Hedgehog signaling

Disrupted differentiation during development can lead to oncogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we identify BCL6, a transcriptional repressor and lymphoma oncoprotein, as a pivotal factor required for neurogenesis and tumor suppression of medulloblastoma (MB). BCL6 is necessary for and capable of preventing the development of GNP-derived MB in mice, and can block the growth of human MB cells in vitro. BCL6 neurogenic and oncosuppressor effects rely on direct transcriptional repression of Gli1 and Gli2 effectors of the SHH pathway, through recruitment of BCOR corepressor and SIRT1 deacetylase. Our findings identify the BCL6/BCOR/SIRT1 complex as a potent repressor of the SHH pathway in normal and oncogenic neural development, with direct diagnostic and/or therapeutic relevance for SHH MB.publisher: Elsevier articletitle: A BCL6/BCOR/SIRT1 Complex Triggers Neurogenesis and Suppresses Medulloblastoma by Repressing Sonic Hedgehog Signaling journaltitle: Cancer Cell articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2014.10.021 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.status: publishe

A BCL6/BCOR/SIRT1 Complex Triggers Neurogenesis and Suppresses Medulloblastoma by Repressing Sonic Hedgehog Signaling

Disrupted differentiation during development can lead to oncogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we identify BCL6, a transcriptional repressor and lymphoma oncoprotein, as a pivotal factor required for neurogenesis and tumor suppression of medulloblastoma (MB). BCL6 is necessary for and capable of preventing the development of GNP-derived MB in mice, and can block the growth of human MB cells in vitro. BCL6 neurogenic and oncosuppressor effects rely on direct transcriptional repression of Gli1 and Gli2 effectors of the SHH pathway, through recruitment of BCOR corepressor and SIRT1 deacetylase. Our findings identify the BCL6/BCOR/SIRT1 complex as a potent repressor of the SHH pathway in normal and oncogenic neural development, with direct diagnostic and/or therapeutic relevance for SHH MB.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe