2,067 research outputs found
Association of white matter hyperintensities and gray matter volume with cognition in older individuals without cognitive impairment
Northeast Conference on Andean Archaeology and Ethnohistory (NCAAE) Statement on Sexual harassment and Community Values
This is a statement on sexual harassment and community values signed by eight members of the Northeast Conference on Andean Archaeology and Ethnohistory (NCAAE)https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/andean_past_special/1008/thumbnail.jp
Patient-reported outcomes of immediate implant-based breast reconstruction with and without biological or synthetic mesh
The impact of radiotherapy on patient-reported outcomes of immediate implant-based breast reconstruction with and without mesh
Recruitment and Retention of Underrepresented Populations in Alzheimer’s Disease Research: A Systematic Review
Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) disproportionately impact racial
and ethnic minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged adults. Yet, these populations are significantly
underrepresented in research.
Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature for published reports describing recruitment and
retention of individuals from underrepresented backgrounds in ADRD research or underrepresented
participants’ perspectives regarding ADRD research participation. Relevant evidence was synthesized
and evaluated for quality.
Results: We identified 22 eligible studies. Seven studies focused on recruitment/retention approaches,
all of which included multifaceted efforts and at least one community outreach component.
There was considerable heterogeneity in approaches used, specific activities and strategies, outcome
measurement, and conclusions regarding effectiveness. Despite limited use of prospective evaluation
strategies, most authors reported improvements in diverse representation in ADRD cohorts. Studies
evaluating participant views focused largely on predetermined explanations of participation
including attitudes, barriers/facilitators, education, trust, and religiosity. Across all studies, the
strength of evidence was low.
Discussion: Overall, the quantity and quality of available evidence to inform best practices in recruitment,
retention, and inclusion of underrepresented populations in ADRD research are low. Further
efforts to systematically evaluate the success of existing and emergent approaches will require
improved methodological standards and uniform measures for evaluating recruitment, participation,
and inclusivity
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Associations between Quantitative Mobility Measures Derived from Components of Conventional Mobility Testing and Parkinsonian Gait in Older Adults
Objective: To provide objective measures which characterize mobility in older adults assessed in the community setting and to examine the extent to which these measures are associated with parkinsonian gait. Methods: During conventional mobility testing in the community-setting, 351 ambulatory non-demented Memory and Aging Project participants wore a belt with a whole body sensor that recorded both acceleration and angular velocity in 3 directions. We used measures derived from these recordings to quantify 5 subtasks including a) walking, b) transition from sit to stand, c) transition from stand to sit, d) turning and e) standing posture. Parkinsonian gait and other mild parkinsonian signs were assessed with a modified version of the original Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (mUPDRS). Results: In a series of separate regression models which adjusted for age and sex, all 5 mobility subtask measures were associated with parkinsonian gait and accounted for 2% to 32% of its variance. When all 5 subtask measures were considered in a single model, backward elimination showed that measures of walking sit to stand and turning showed independent associations with parkinsonian gait and together accounted for more than 35% of its variance. Cross-validation using data from a 2nd group of 258 older adults showed similar results. In similar analyses, only walking was associated with bradykinesia and sway with tremor. Interpretation Quantitative mobility subtask measures vary in their associations with parkinsonian gait scores and other parkinsonian signs in older adults. Quantifying the different facets of mobility has the potential to facilitate the clinical characterization and understanding the biologic basis for impaired mobility in older adults
O4–01–03: Genome‐wide association study and admixture mapping of age‐related cognitive decline in African‐Americans
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152592/1/alzjjalz201304336.pd
Measurement of microbial activity in soil by colorimetric observation of in situ dye reduction: an approach to detection of extraterrestrial life
BACKGROUND: Detecting microbial life in extraterrestrial locations is a goal of space exploration because of ecological and health concerns about possible contamination of other planets with earthly organisms, and vice versa. Previously we suggested a method for life detection based on the fact that living entities require a continual input of energy accessed through coupled oxidations and reductions (an electron transport chain). We demonstrated using earthly soils that the identification of extracted components of electron transport chains is useful for remote detection of a chemical signature of life. The instrument package developed used supercritical carbon dioxide for soil extraction, followed by chromatography or electrophoresis to separate extracted compounds, with final detection by voltammetry and tandem mass-spectrometry. RESULTS: Here we used Earth-derived soils to develop a related life detection system based on direct observation of a biological redox signature. We measured the ability of soil microbial communities to reduce artificial electron acceptors. Living organisms in pure culture and those naturally found in soil were shown to reduce 2,3-dichlorophenol indophenol (DCIP) and the tetrazolium dye 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide inner salt (XTT). Uninoculated or sterilized controls did not reduce the dyes. A soil from Antarctica that was determined by chemical signature and DNA analysis to be sterile also did not reduce the dyes. CONCLUSION: Observation of dye reduction, supplemented with extraction and identification of only a few specific signature redox-active biochemicals such as porphyrins or quinones, provides a simplified means to detect a signature of life in the soils of other planets or their moons
Gas-Phase Oxygen Gradients in Strongly Interacting Galaxies: I. Early-Stage Interactions
A consensus is emerging that interacting galaxies show depressed nuclear gas
metallicities compared to isolated star-forming galaxies. Simulations suggest
that this nuclear underabundance is caused by interaction-induced inflow of
metal-poor gas, and that this inflow concurrently flattens the radial
metallicity gradients in strongly interacting galaxies. We present
metallicities of over 300 HII regions in a sample of 16 spirals that are
members of strongly interacting galaxy pairs with mass ratio near unity. The
deprojected radial gradients in these galaxies are about half of those in a
control sample of isolated, late-type spirals. Detailed comparison of the
gradients with simulations show remarkable agreement in gradient distributions,
the relationship between gradients and nuclear underabundances, and the shape
of profile deviations from a straight line. Taken together, this evidence
conclusively demonstrates that strongly interacting galaxies at the present day
undergo nuclear metal dilution due to gas inflow, as well as significant
flattening of their gas-phase metallicity gradients, and that current
simulations can robustly reproduce this behavior at a statistical level.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
The Grizzly, March 17, 1989
Pledging Violations Abound: Change Imminent • Approaching Commencement Scares Seniors • Letters: Bermans Ship Garbage Here?; Alumni Concerned About Curtis Fire; Bond Facts Straight?; Collegeville Water Now Non-Toxic; Visser Vicous to Hocsters • CAB Earns Kudos • Bears Look to Bright Furture • Lady Bears Always A Bridesmaid • Track Stars Shine! • Easton\u27s Colonial Genuine Italian • Blues: A+ • Guess Who\u27s Coming for Dinner? • Senior Matters Leave Their Mark • Peruvian Junglehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1232/thumbnail.jp
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