11 research outputs found

    Age of Transfused Blood in Critically Ill Adults

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    International audienceBetween March 2009 and May 2014, at 64 centers in Canada and Europe, 1211 patients were assigned to receive fresh red cells (fresh-blood group) and 1219 patients were assigned to receive standard-issue red cells (standard-blood group). Red cells were stored a mean (±SD) of 6.1±4.9 days in the fresh-blood group as compared with 22.0±8.4 days in the standard-blood group (P<0.001). At 90 days, 448 patients (37.0%) in the fresh-blood group and 430 patients (35.3%) in the standard-blood group had died (absolute risk difference, 1.7 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.1 to 5.5). In the survival analysis, the hazard ratio for death in the fresh-blood group, as compared with the standard-blood group, was 1.1 (95% CI, 0.9 to 1.2; P=0.38). There were no significant between-group differences in any of the secondary outcomes (major illnesses; duration of respiratory, hemodynamic, or renal support; length of stay in the hospital; and transfusion reactions) or in the subgroup analyses.CONCLUSIONS:Transfusion of fresh red cells, as compared with standard-issue red cells, did not decrease the 90-day mortality among critically ill adults

    Impact de la transfusion de culots globulaires de moins de 14 jours sur la morbi-mortalité en chirurgie cardiaque

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    BESANCON-BU MĂ©decine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Les dispositifs hors norme de mesure du débit

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    Cet article prĂ©sente, Ă  travers trois exemples concrets de stations de mesure, trois mĂ©thodologies de dĂ©termination du dĂ©bit en fonction de mesures de hauteur d'eau et Ă©ventuellement de vitesse dans le cas oĂč aucune norme internationale n'est applicable. La premiĂšre mĂ©thode s'intĂ©resse Ă  l'instrumentation du dĂ©bit dĂ©versĂ© d'un dĂ©versoir d'eau excĂ©dentaire. Hydrauliquement similaires Ă  des seuils, les dĂ©versoirs ont nĂ©anmoins une gĂ©omĂ©trie souvent complexe et parfois mĂȘme unique. La mĂ©thodologie proposĂ©e repose sur une analyse hydraulique, l'utilisation de la mĂ©canique des fluides numĂ©rique 3D et un traitement des rĂ©sultats dans le but de crĂ©er une loi hauteur - dĂ©bit facilement exploitable. La deuxiĂšme mĂ©thode concerne le cas d'une station de jaugeage du dĂ©bit par cordes de vitesse dans un collecteur. La difficultĂ© de ce type de station vient du fait qu'elles sont gĂ©nĂ©ralement sous l'influence hydraulique de nombreuses singularitĂ©s rendant complexe le lien entre les vitesses mesurĂ©es et la vitesse moyenne. La mĂ©thodologie proposĂ©e dans ce cas est trĂšs proche de la prĂ©cĂ©dente, Ă  la diffĂ©rence prĂšs que le choix des modĂšles doit ĂȘtre adaptĂ© aux variables investiguĂ©es (distribution de la vitesse et plus seulement distribution de la hauteur d'eau). Enfin, la troisiĂšme mĂ©thode s'intĂ©resse Ă  la dĂ©termination du dĂ©bit transitant dans un collecteur au moyen de deux mesures de hauteur d'eau placĂ©es dans des regards distants. La mĂ©thodologie repose sur une analyse hydraulique, l'utilisation de l'Ă©quation de la courbe de remous (modĂšle 1D) et le traitement des rĂ©sultats dans l'objectif de les rendre facilement exploitables

    Les dispositifs hors norme de mesure du débit

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    Non-normalized gauging stations. This paper proposes three methodologies for the determination of discharge using water depth and velocity measurements when international standards are not applicable. Each methodology is illustrated through the use of a practical application. The first methodology deals with the instrumentation of the overflow discharge of a combined sewer overflow chamber. Even if these works are hydraulically very similar to standard weirs, their geometry is generally very complex and sometimes unique. The proposed methodology consists in a hydraulic analysis, the use of 3D computational fluid dynamics and the analysis of the simulated results in order to build simple head – discharge relationships that can be easily used by sewer managers. The second methodology deals with ultrasonic (transit-time) gauging stations where singularities have a significant influence on the link between the measured velocities and the mean velocity. The methodology for such stations is very similar to the previous one, with the exception that the models have to be chosen for simulating the velocity distribution and not only the water level distribution. Finally, the third method deals with the determination of the discharge in a sewer using two water level measurements located in two distant manholes. The methodology here consists in a hydraulic analysis, the use of the backwater curve equation (1D model) and an analysis of the simulated results to build an exploitable relationship.Cet article prĂ©sente, Ă  travers trois exemples concrets de stations de mesure, trois mĂ©thodologies de dĂ©termination du dĂ©bit en fonction de mesures de hauteur d’eau et Ă©ventuellement de vitesse dans le cas oĂč aucune norme internationale n’est applicable. La premiĂšre mĂ©thode s’intĂ©resse Ă  l’instrumentation du dĂ©bit dĂ©versĂ© d’un dĂ©versoir d’eau excĂ©dentaire. Hydrauliquement similaires Ă  des seuils, les dĂ©versoirs ont nĂ©anmoins une gĂ©omĂ©trie souvent complexe et parfois mĂȘme unique. La mĂ©thodologie proposĂ©e repose sur une analyse hydraulique, l’utilisation de la mĂ©canique des fluides numĂ©rique 3D et un traitement des rĂ©sultats dans le but de crĂ©er une loi hauteur – dĂ©bit facilement exploitable. La deuxiĂšme mĂ©thode concerne le cas d’une station de jaugeage du dĂ©bit par cordes de vitesse dans un collecteur. La difficultĂ© de ce type de station vient du fait qu’elles sont gĂ©nĂ©ralement sous l’influence hydraulique de nombreuses singularitĂ©s rendant complexe le lien entre les vitesses mesurĂ©es et la vitesse moyenne. La mĂ©thodologie proposĂ©e dans ce cas est trĂšs proche de la prĂ©cĂ©dente, Ă  la diffĂ©rence prĂšs que le choix des modĂšles doit ĂȘtre adaptĂ© aux variables investiguĂ©es (distribution de la vitesse et plus seulement distribution de la hauteur d’eau). Enfin, la troisiĂšme mĂ©thode s’intĂ©resse Ă  la dĂ©termination du dĂ©bit transitant dans un collecteur au moyen de deux mesures de hauteur d’eau placĂ©es dans des regards distants. La mĂ©thodologie repose sur une analyse hydraulique, l’utilisation de l’équation de la courbe de remous (modĂšle 1D) et le traitement des rĂ©sultats dans l’objectif de les rendre facilement exploitables.Dufresne Matthieu François Daniel, Vazquez JosĂ©, Bardiaux Jean-Bernard, Isel Sandra, Solliec Laurent. Les dispositifs hors norme de mesure du dĂ©bit. In: 35es journĂ©es de l’hydraulique de la SociĂ©tĂ© Hydrotechnique de France. HydromĂ©trie 2013. Paris, 15-16 mai 2013. 2013

    Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients, France.

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    International audienceThe rate of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E virus (HEV) in transplant recipients is unknown. We identified 60 HEV-positive solid organ transplant patients and retrospectively assessed their blood transfusions for HEV. Seven of 60 patients received transfusions; 3 received HEV-positive blood products. Transfusion is not the major route of infection in this population

    [Pneumatic tube system for blood products transport].

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    International audienceBlood product transport from blood bank to the patient care areas of hospitals is a key step in the transfusion process. The pneumatic tube system is now widely used in hospitals. Strict performance specifications must be respected to guarantee blood safety: robustness, easy to use and respect the constraints imposed to blood products. To secure the disposal of blood products ordered to a carrier (delivery step), a security device must be deployed (video camera, barcode reading, fax, chip), allowing in particular to limit the risk of addressing error when sending (in the case of device with several arrival stations) or picked up by the wrong carrier

    Phosphatidylserine-expressing cell by-products in transfusion: A pro-inflammatory or an anti-inflammatory effect?

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    International audienceLabile blood products contain phosphatidylserine-expressing cell dusts, including apoptotic cells and microparticles. These cell by-products are produced during blood product process or storage and derived from the cells of interest that exert a therapeutic effect (red blood cells or platelets). Alternatively, phosphatidylserine-expressing cell dusts may also derived from contaminating cells, such as leukocytes, or may be already present in plasma, such as platelet-derived microparticles. These cell by-products present in labile blood products can be responsible for transfusion-induced immunomodulation leading to either transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) or increased occurrence of post-transfusion infections or cancer relapse. In this review, we report data from the literature and our laboratory dealing with interactions between antigen-presenting cells and phosphatidylserine-expressing cell dusts, including apoptotic leukocytes and blood cell-derived microparticles. Then, we discuss how these phosphatidylserine-expressing cell by-products may influence transfusion

    [What to do in case of adverse event in recipient at the French National Blood Service?].

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    International audienceOne of the main goals of haemovigilance is to gather and analyze adverse events in recipients of blood products in order to improve blood safety. The French National Blood Service has a specific role in the management of immediate adverse events: to alert to quarantine the potentially dangerous blood products from the same donation(s), to provide blood testing for the etiologic assessment and to give transfusion advice to patients. The updating of the recipient's computer file allows a better monitoring for both immediate and delayed adverse events. Finally, the French National Blood Service's correspondent of haemovigilance is responsible for donor's inquiries, especially in cases of transfusion related to bacterial contamination, severe allergy, suspicion of transfusion acute related lung injury and viral seroconversion. The management effectiveness for adverse events requires a strong collaboration between all members of the haemovigilance network
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