Is reduction in appetite beneficial for body weight management in the context of overweight and obesity? Yes, according to the SATIN (Satiety Innovation) study

New dietary-based concepts are needed for treatment and effective prevention of overweight and obesity. The primary objective was to investigate if reduction in appetite is associated with improved weight loss maintenance. This cohort study was nested within the European Commission project Satiety Innovation (SATIN). Participants achieving ≥8% weight loss during an initial 8-week low-energy formula diet were included in a 12-week randomised double-blind parallel weight loss maintenance intervention. The intervention included food products designed to reduce appetite or matching controls along with instructions to follow national dietary guidelines. Appetite was assessed by ad libitum energy intake and self-reported appetite evaluations using visual analogue scales during standardised appetite probe days. These were evaluated at the first day of the maintenance period compared with baseline (acute effects after a single exposure of intervention products) and post-maintenance compared with baseline (sustained effects after repeated exposures of intervention products) regardless of randomisation. A total of 181 participants (forty-seven men and 134 women) completed the study. Sustained reduction in 24-h energy intake was associated with improved weight loss maintenance (R 0·37; P = 0·001), whereas the association was not found acutely (P = 0·91). Suppression in self-reported appetite was associated with improved weight loss maintenance both acutely (R −0·32; P = 0·033) and sustained (R −0·33; P = 0·042). Reduction in appetite seems to be associated with improved body weight management, making appetite-reducing food products an interesting strategy for dietary-based concepts

Moradia escrava na era do tráfico ilegal: senzalas rurais no Brasil e em Cuba, c. 1830-1860

The subject of slaves living quarters has been under the scrutiny of the historiography\ud around Slavery in the Americas for a good while. The debate decades has revolved in the\ud last few around the discussion on the slaves autonomy and the masters control in the construction\ud of such spaces, focusing in particular on the investigation of the African matrices present in\ud the rural dwelling spaces built by the captives. I examine, in the article, the historic novelty\ud represented by two specific types of dwelling spaces that emerged after the second quarter of\ud the 19 th century: the patio shed of the Cuban Sugar Belt (in the region of Matanzas-Cárdenas-\ud Cienfuegos) and the square senzala of the river Paraíba Valley coffee region (in the Mid-\ud Southern region of the Brazilian Empire). The text demonstrates that there has been a historic\ud articulation between these two architectural arrangements, and that it is related with the\ud appropriation of certain slave trade practices in African territory