"Eficacia de los programas de tratamiento para ciberadicción en niños y adolescentes: revisión sistemática y meta-análisis "

"El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de los programas de tratamiento para la ciberadicción en niños y adolescentes. Material y Métodos: Se realizó la búsqueda en cinco bases de datos. Se seleccionaron ensayos controlados aleatorizados (ECA) o estudios de cohorte que evaluaron la eficacia de programas de tratamiento para la ciberadicción en niños y adolescentes. El desenlace primario fue la disminución de las horas en uso del internet. Para el meta-análisis, se utilizó el modelo de efectos aleatorios con método de varianza inversa. Resultados: Se identificaron siete artículos que fueron incluidos en la revisión sistemática (3 Ensayos controlados aleatorizados y 4 cohortes retrospectivas), con un total de 2396 participantes. La edad media fue de 14 años (SD 1.96). La duración del tratamiento entre todos los estudios publicados varió entre 4 días hasta los 3 meses. Se encontró que los tratamientos para la ciberadicción reducen las horas de conexión a internet en 1.18 horas por semana, comparado con cualquier tratamiento de control (MD 1.18; 95%CI -2.1825 a -0.1754; p= 0.02). Conclusiones: Los tratamientos para la ciberadicción, independientemente del tipo de intervención reducen las horas de conexión a internet

Enfermedades de depósito de glucógeno: informe de dos casos en la ciudad de Cartagena

Objective: to report two cases of children with type Ia glycogen storage disease compatible with Von Gierke disease, suspected in the presence of findings such as hepatomegaly, nephromegaly, hypoglycemia, and stunted growth. Method: Presentation of the clinical records of two patients referred to the diagnostic unit of innate errors of metabolism of the Faculty of Medicine in Universidad de Cartagena. Results: The first case reported was a child who debuted with acute cyanosis without widespread neurological deficit when he was eleven months old, followed by hepatomegaly at two years of age. At 4 years of age, symptoms reappeared with similar characteristics: hypoglycemia, growth failure, and persistent hepatomegaly detected on physical examination. With the precedent that an older brother that presented similar symptoms was suspected of glycogen storage disease, a biopsy was performed and confirmed liver glycogen storage with normal structure. The patient’s treatment was modification of dietary habits (small, frequent feedings during the day) and cornstarch. The second event was the older brother who consulted for the first time when he was 18 months old due to prolonged diarrhea. Hepatomegaly was documented by ultrasound study without kidney compromise and no hypoglycemia was found. Recommendations: It is necessary for the entire health team to be trained to detect rare diseases such as glycogen storage disease. If they make early diagnoses and establish support groups for interdisciplinary management of such diseases, they may change the prognosis and quality of life of these children. Objetivo: Comunicar dos casos de niños con glucogenosis compatibles con el tipo Ia o enfermedad de Von Gierke, que se debe sospechar ante la presencia de hallazgos como hepatomegalia, nefromegalia, hipoglicemia y talla baja. Método: Presentación de las historias clínicas de dos pacientes remitidos a la unidad de diagnóstico de errores innatos del metabolismo de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Cartagena. Resultados: El primer caso es un niño que a los once meses de edad hizo crisis de cianosis generalizada sin déficit neurológico, y a los dos años tuvo hepatomegalia. A los cuatro años vuelve a presentar el mismo cuadro con iguales características más hipoglicemia y al examen físico talla baja y persistencia de la hepatomegalia. Con el antecedente de un hermano mayor que mostró sintomatología similar se sospechó glucogenosis; se tomó una biopsia de hígado y se confirmó depósito de glucógeno hepático de estructura normal. Se manejó con dieta fraccionada y fécula de maíz. El segundo caso se trata del hermano mayor quien consultó por primera vez a los 18 meses de edad con diarrea prolongada. Se documentó hepatomegalia por estudio ecográfico sin compromiso renal y nunca cursó con hipoglicemia. Recomendaciones: Es necesario que todo el equipo de salud esté capacitado para descubrir enfermedades raras como la glucogenosis. Esto puede cambiar el pronóstico y calidad de vida de los niños si se hace un diagnóstico precoz y se establecen grupos de apoyo interdisciplinarios en el manejo de este grupo de enfermedades

Asymmetric price transmission analysis of the international soybean market

This study analyzed the asymmetric price transmission in the international soybean market, using data from the US (Chicago Futures), European (Rotterdam), Brazilian (Paranaguá), Argentinian (Rosario Futures and Rosario Spot), and Chinese (Spot and Futures) markets. The study looked at the price transmission between these markets over a period of almost 10 years, from September 2009 to May 2019. The Phillips-Perron unit root test was used to determine the order of integration of the time series. The Engle-Granger cointegration test failed to find any evidence of cointegration between the Chinese and Argentinian markets with any others of the international markets. The lack of cointegration was associated with highly government intervened markets. The cointegration and threshold test proposed by Enders and Siklos, succeeded in rejecting the Null hypothesis and finding cointegration among the series after structural breaks had been taken into account. The BDS test for nonlinearity showed that most of the time series were nonlinear, which prompted the investigation to look into nonlinear modelling. To evaluate asymmetric price transmission, the study used the Threshold autoregressive (TAR) model and the momentum threshold model (MTAR). The Argentine and Chinese markets were primarily suspected of exhibiting asymmetric price transmission due to structural government intervention. However, the test results failed to reject the null hypothesis and revealed asymmetric price transmission between these markets and the international market. As expected, the results found no evidence of asymmetric price transmission in the Paranaguá, Rotterdam, and Chicago markets. Hence, it can be concluded that symmetric price transmission is more prevalent in the global soybean market than asymmetric price transmission

Price transmission analysis of the international soybean market in a trade war context

This study analysed the dynamics of the international soybean market using econometric techniques and economic models to study the impacts of the US–China trade war. It considered the analysis of “spatial” (horizontal) price transmission during an approximately ten-year period from September 2009 to May 2019 using monthly time-series data. The research focused on the leaders in the international soybean market, namely, China, the USA, the EU, Brazil and Argentina. Several econometric techniques were employed. The stationarity of the price time series was determined using the augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) unit root test. Structural breaks were inferred using the ADF test with a breaks test and a Bai–Perron multiple break test. The long-term relation/cointegration amongst the series was determined using the Johansen cointegration test (1988), with the previous breaks input as dummy variables. The direction of the causality was inferred using the Granger causality test (1969). The long-term and short-term causal relations were determined using the vector autoregression model (VAR) and the vector error correction model (VECM). The results showed a highly efficient and cointegrated market. The incidents of the trade war, as represented by tariffs and subsidies, had minor effects on the market efficacy, cointegration and price transmission. The arbitrage process of the studied market managed to get around the tariffs. In other words, there was no empirical evidence to support the claim that the law of one price (LOOP) did not hold

Scalar field description of a parametric model of dark energy

We investigate theoretical and observational aspects of a time-dependent parameterization for the dark energy equation of state (EoS) $w(z)$, which is a well behaved function of the redshift $z$ over the entire cosmological evolution, i.e., $z \in [-1,\infty)$. By using a theoretical algorithm of constructing the quintessence potential directly from the effective EoS parameter, we derive and discuss the general features of the resulting potential for this $w(z)$ function. Since the parameterization here discussed allows us to divide the parametric plane in defined regions associated to distinct classes of dark energy models, we use the most recent observations from type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillation peak and Cosmic Microwave Background shift parameter to check which class is observationally prefered. We show that the largest portion of the confidence contours lies into the region corresponding to a possible crossing of the so-called phanton divide line at some point of the cosmic evolution.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, LaTe

The contribution of hormone sensitive lipase to adipose tissue lipolysis and its regulation by insulin in periparturient dairy cows

Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) activation is part of the metabolic adaptations to the negative energy balance common to the mammalian periparturient period. This study determined HSL contribution to adipose tissue (AT) lipolysis and how insulin regulates its activity in periparturient dairy cows. Subcutaneous AT (SCAT) samples were collected at 11 d prepartum (dry) and 11 (fresh) and 24 d (lactation) postpartum. Basal and stimulated lipolysis (ISO) responses were determined using explant cultures. HSL contribution to lipolysis was assessed using an HSL inhibitor (CAY). Basal lipolysis was higher in SCAT at dry compared with fresh. CAY inhibited basal lipolysis negligibly at dry, but at fresh and lactation it reduced basal lipolysis by 36.1 +/- 4.51% and 43.1 +/- 4.83%, respectively. Insulin inhibited lipolysis more pronouncedly in dry compared to fresh. Results demonstrate that HSL contribution to basal lipolysis is negligible prepartum. However, HSL is a major driver of SCAT lipolytic responses postpartum. Lower basal lipolysis postpartum suggests that reduced lipogenesis is an important contributor to fatty acid release from SCAT. Loss of adipocyte sensitivity to the antilipolytic action of insulin develops in the early lactation period and supports a state of insulin resistance in AT of cows during the first month postpartum

Seroepidemiology of \u3cem\u3eSarcocystis neurona\u3c/em\u3e and \u3cem\u3eNeospora hughesi\u3c/em\u3e Infections in Domestic Donkeys (\u3cem\u3eEquus asinus\u3c/em\u3e) in Durango, Mexico

There is currently no information regarding Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi infections in donkeys in Mexico. Here, we determined the presence of antibodies against S. neurona and N. hughesi in donkeys in the northern Mexican state of Durango. Serum samples of 239 domestic donkeys (Equus asinus) were assayed for S. neurona and N. hughesi antibodies using home-made enzyme-linked immunoassays; six (2.5%) of the 239 donkeys tested seropositive for S. neurona. The seroprevalence of S. neurona infection was comparable among donkeys regardless of their origin, health status, or sex. Multivariate analysis showed that seropositivity to S. neurona was associated with increased age (OR = 2.95; 95% CI: 1.11-7.82; p = 0.02). Antibodies to N. hughesi were found in two (0.8%) of the 239 donkeys. Both exposed donkeys were healthy, 3- and 6-year-old females. This is the first evidence of S. neurona and N. hughesi infections in donkeys in Mexico