"Cluster" headaches: A review of the literature

Thesis (M.D.)—Boston Universit

Development of a computer model to predict platform station keeping requirements in the Gulf of Mexico using remote sensing data

Offshore operations such as oil drilling and radar monitoring require semisubmersible platforms to remain stationary at specific locations in the Gulf of Mexico. Ocean currents, wind, and waves in the Gulf of Mexico tend to move platforms away from their desired locations. A computer model was created to predict the station keeping requirements of a platform. The computer simulation uses remote sensing data from satellites and buoys as input. A background of the project, alternate approaches to the project, and the details of the simulation are presented

Japan’s Relations with Muslim Asia: Trans-Continental Normativity and Policy

In 2006, Japanese Foreign Minister Asō Tarō outlined a new pillar of Japan’s foreign policy across Asia he called the ‘Arc of Freedom and Prosperity.’ The Arc would become the most lucid case for values-based diplomacy elaborated by Tokyo in the postwar era. It is a significant change from what was both a constrained and myopic approach for a state of such global economic influence and substantial diplomatic potential. In practice, however, is Japan’s values-based diplomacy actually working? How is Tokyo grappling with reconceptualizing an Asia inclusive of Muslim societies in a time when the global metanarrative is to protect against Islam? Emphasis in this project is placed on Tokyo’s foreign policy with Muslim states along this Arc. The key research question in this project is: “How does Japan’s new conceptualization of Asia reconcile with its securitization of Islam?” Based on the two variables set in the research question, the project is divided into two parts: ‘Conceptualization,’ and ‘Strategy.’ ‘Conceptualization’ seeks to grasp Japan’s vision for Asia, and its role in the region. ‘Strategy’ builds on that, and surveys Japan’s relations with Muslim Asia through five facets of interactions. This project relies heavily on three types of data sources: statements from political elites, influential think tanks in Japan, and leading Japanese academic scholars. Of particular value among statements from political elites are those from the Prime Minister’s office and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Primary sources in the Japanese language and intended for Japanese readers are used as a research tool. Content analysis software is utilized to analyze and code texts within cases from these sources to reinforce the strength of the arguments made. By applying typological theory to refine conclusions from observations, this project shows that Japan’s securitization of Islam is distinct from Western, Russia, or Chinese securitization. Moreover, it demonstrates four concurrent views of Islam in Asia evident in Japan’s foreign policy and strategy

Fault Slip and Exhumation History of the Willard Thrust Sheet, Sevier Fold‐Thrust Belt, Utah: Relations to Wedge Propagation, Hinterland Uplift, and Foreland Basin Sedimentation

Zircon (U‐Th)/He (ZHe) and zircon fission track thermochronometric data for 47 samples spanning the areally extensive Willard thrust sheet within the western part of the Sevier fold‐thrust belt record enhanced cooling and exhumation during major thrust slip spanning approximately 125–90 Ma. ZHe and zircon fission track age‐paleodepth patterns along structural transects and age‐distance relations along stratigraphic‐parallel traverses, combined with thermo‐kinematic modeling, constrain the fault slip history, with estimated slip rates of ~1 km/Myr from 125 to 105 Ma, increasing to ~3 km/Myr from 105 to 92 Ma, and then decreasing as major slip was transferred onto eastern thrusts. Exhumation was concentrated during motion up thrust ramps with estimated erosion rates of ~0.1 to 0.3 km/Myr. Local cooling ages of approximately 160–150 Ma may record a period of regional erosion, or alternatively an early phase of limited... (see full abstract in article)

Trust, Mutual Benefit, and a Long-term Perspective: Examining a Possible Solution To Normalizing Russo-japanese Relations And an Agreement on the Kurile Islands Dispute

The Hepburn system to romanize Japanese words and names is used in this paper, except that long vowels are not indicated with long marks. The names of Japanese individuals in the text are written in a Western format, whereas given names precede surnames. This is done so that consistency is maintained among all names mentioned in the work. The names of the Kurile Islands and Sakhalin Island are in accordance with Russian usage, as Russia current maintains sovereignty over the islands as recognized by the United States as well as most countries. In Russian, the spelling of the archipelago is Kuril; however, in most published material from the United States, Europe, and English material in Japan, the spelling is Kurile. The archipelago will be referred to throughout this work using the latter spelling in order to maintain consistency with the most dominant spelling method.Department of Geograph

The X-ray surface brightness distribution from diffuse gas

We use simulations to predict the X-ray surface brightness distribution arising from hot, cosmologically distributed diffuse gas. The distribution is computed for two bands: 0.5-2 keV and 0.1-0.4 keV, using a cosmological-constant dominated cosmology that fits many other observations. We examine a number of numerical issues such as resolution, simulation volume and pixel size and show that the predicted mean background is sensitive to resolution such that higher resolution systematically increases the mean predicted background. Although this means that we can compute only lower bounds to the predicted level, these bounds are already quite restrictive. Since the observed extra-galactic X-ray background is mostly accounted for by compact sources, the amount of the observed background attributable to diffuse gas is tightly constrained. We show that without physical processes in addition to those included in the simulations (such as radiative cooling or non-gravitational heating), both bands exceed observational limits. In order to examine the effect of non-gravitational heating we explore a simple modeling of energy injection and show that substantial amounts of heating are required (i.e. 5 keV per particle when averaged over all baryons). Finally, we also compute the distribution of surface brightness on the sky and show that it has a well-resolved characteristic shape. This shape is substantially modified by non-gravitational heating and can be used as a probe of such energy injection.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Ap

Autism Theology: Discussions from an emerging field

This multi-authored book review explores the current state of the field of Autism Theology through a discussion of four recent publications. A concluding section reflects on several key themes in the individual reviews, drawing particular attention to: Autism Theology's focus on the ideas and practices which enable autistic people’s thriving; the importance of the inclusion of different voices in the conversation (including those who are non- or minimally speaking); and the richness which autistic people’s presence and contributions bring to theology and to the Church as a whole. Reviewed works:Claire Williams, Peculiar Discipleship: An Autistic Liberation Theology (London: SCM Press, 2023), pp. 272, ISBN 978-0334063063.Ruth M. Dunster, The Autism of Gxd: An Atheological Love Story (Eugene, OR: Pickwick Publications, 2022), pp. xix + 420, ISBN 978-1725268357.Stewart Rapley, Autistic Thinking in the Life of the Church (London: SCM Press, 2021), pp. xiv + 178, ISBN 978-0334060871.Cynthia Tam, Kinship in the Household of God: Towards a Practical Theology of Belonging and Spiritual Care of People with Profound Autism (Eugene, OR: Pickwick Publications, 2021), pp. x + 191, ISBN 978-1725274419.&nbsp

Wide variation and rising utilization of stroke magnetic resonance imaging: Data from 11 States

Objective: Neuroimaging is an essential component of the acute stroke evaluation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is more accurate than computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of stroke, but is more costly and time‐consuming. We sought to describe changes in MRI utilization from 1999 to 2008. Methods: We performed a serial cross‐sectional study with time trends of neuroimaging in patients with a primary International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition, Clinical Modification discharge diagnosis of stroke admitted through the emergency department in the State Inpatient Databases from 10 states. MRI utilization was measured by Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project criteria. Data were included for states from 1999 to 2008 where MRI utilization could be identified. Results: A total of 624,842 patients were hospitalized for stroke in the period of interest. MRI utilization increased in all states. Overall, MRI absolute utilization increased 38%, and relative utilization increased 235% (28% of strokes in 1999 to 66% in 2008). Over the same interval, CT utilization changed little (92% in 1999 to 95% in 2008). MRI use varied widely by state. In 2008, MRI utilization ranged from a low of 55% of strokes in Oregon to a high of 79% in Arizona. Diagnostic imaging was the fastest growing component of total hospital costs (213% increase from 1999 to 2007). Interpretation: MRI utilization during stroke hospitalization increased substantially, with wide geographic variation. Rather than replacing CT, MRI is supplementing it. Consequently, neuroimaging has been the fastest growing component of hospitalization cost in stroke. Recent neuroimaging practices in stroke are not standardized and may represent an opportunity to improve the efficiency of stroke care. Ann Neurol 2012;71:179–185Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90061/1/22698_ftp.pd

Spankers and Nonspankers: Where They Get Information on Spanking

Because spanking is common, puts children at risk for harmful side effects, and is ineffective as a positive behavior management tool, it is important to identify the kind of advice families receive about the appropriateness of spanking. Using the health belief model, I examined spankers and nonspankers on the spanking messages they received from eight sources of discipline information and how important they perceived these messages to be. Data from telephone interviews with 998 mothers with children aged 2 to 14 years showed that 33% of mothers rated advice from workshops, pediatricians, newspapers and magazines, and books as ‘‘very important.’’ Less than 15% rated parents and relatives and friends as such. Spankers perceived sources as recommending spanking, whereas nonspankers perceived sources as opposing spanking. Mothers were more likely to spank when they perceived more intense messages to spank, less intense messages opposing spanking, had younger children, and were of lower socioeconomic status

A direct-to-drive neural data acquisition system

Driven by the increasing channel count of neural probes, there is much effort being directed to creating increasingly scalable electrophysiology data acquisition (DAQ) systems. However, all such systems still rely on personal computers for data storage, and thus are limited by the bandwidth and cost of the computers, especially as the scale of recording increases. Here we present a novel architecture in which a digital processor receives data from an analog-to-digital converter, and writes that data directly to hard drives, without the need for a personal computer to serve as an intermediary in the DAQ process. This minimalist architecture may support exceptionally high data throughput, without incurring costs to support unnecessary hardware and overhead associated with personal computers, thus facilitating scaling of electrophysiological recording in the future.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 1DP1NS087724)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 1R01DA029639)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 1R01NS067199)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 2R44NS070453)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant R43MH101943)New York Stem Cell FoundationPaul Allen FoundationMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Media LaboratoryGoogle (Firm)United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (HR0011-14-2-0004)Hertz Foundation (Myhrvold Family Fellowship