Judicial Campaign Conduct Committees

As the other papers presented at this Symposium make abundantly clear, the problems associated with inappropriate statements and conduct during judicial elections are unlikely to abate anytime soon. Bench and bar leaders across the country are being joined by a growing chorus of members of the media and the public in demands that something be done. As an initial step that requires relatively little yet holds great promise, the authors endorse the use of judicial campaign conduct committees as a means of long-term improvement

The complexity of central series in nilpotent computable groups

AbstractThe terms of the upper and lower central series of a nilpotent computable group have computably enumerable Turing degree. We show that the Turing degrees of these terms are independent even when restricted to groups which admit computable orders

How speakers of different languages extend their turns : Word linking and glottalisation in French and German

A speaker who issues a confirming turn starting with particles like yes, oui, ja, and so on, may mean to extend it and provide further material. This study shows that French and German speakers employ the same phonetic contrast to indicate the nature of that turn continuation. In spite of the typological difference between the German use of glottalization and the French use of linking phenomena for word boundaries involving word-initial vowels, speakers of both languages exploit this contrast systematically in their design of multiunit turns. Initial confirmations are joined directly to subsequent vowel-fronted turn components when speakers respond with an internally cohesive multiunit confirming turn. The components are separated by glottalization when responses involve multiple actions or departures from a trajectory projected by the turn-initial confirmation. This is further evidence that sound patterns shape interaction and are not solely determined by language-specific phonologies. Data are in French and German with English translation

Towards transformative practice in out of home care : chartering rights in recordkeeping

The CLAN Rights Charter asserts rights in records for Care leavers who were taken from their homes and families and communities, and placed in orphanages, children’s Homes, foster Care and other forms of institutions. The Australian Charter of Lifelong Rights in Childhood Recordkeeping in Out of Home Care is a response to the critical, largely unmet recordkeeping and archival needs of both children and young people in Care today, and Care leavers, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, young people and their families, and Stolen Generations. It focuses on their lifelong and diverse recordkeeping needs. The recordkeeping rights specified in both Charters are essential enablers for the exercise of human rights, including participatory, identity, memory and accountability rights. They provide a rights-based foundation for addressing the continuing recordkeeping failures, the major gaps in the archival record, and the weaponisation of data and records that plague the Care sector. In the paper, we discuss the research and advocacy contexts of the two interrelated Charters, and our mapping of the Charters aimed at cross-validation and identification of gaps. We then explore the challenge of translating the Charters into transformative practice, advocating for their adoption and developing guidelines for their implementation. © 2021 Frank Golding, Sue McKemmish and Barbara Reed

When Genetic Screening is Useful, but not Used

In families with genetic disorders due to a known genetic mutation, presymptomatic genetic testing can lead to early detection and treatment of inherited disorders that may manifest later in life. The health benefits for family members at increased risk, however, is limited by the predictive value of the genetic test, the availability of effective treatments, and individuals’ and families’ willingness to undergo genetic testing in the first place. This Issue Brief describes the case of a genetic condition for which genetic screening of family members is clearly useful, and just as clearly underused. It explores the barriers to the use of genetic screening and has implications for the future as genetic technologies become more complex and produce more uncertainty

Climate variability in SE Europe since 1450 AD based on a varved sediment record from Etoliko Lagoon (Western Greece)

To achieve deeper understanding of climate variability during the last millennium in SE Europe, we report new sedimentological and paleoecological data from Etoliko Lagoon, Western Greece. The record represents the southernmost annually laminated (i.e., varved) archive from the Balkan Peninsula spanning the Little Ice Age, allowing insights into critical time intervals of climate instability such as during the Maunder and Dalton solar minima. After developing a continuous, ca. 500-year-long varve chronology, high-resolution μ–XRF counts, stable-isotope data measured on ostracod shells, palynological (including pollen and dinoflagellate cysts), and diatom data are used to decipher the season-specific climate and ecosystem evolution at Etoliko Lagoon since 1450 AD. Our results show that the Etoliko varve record became more sensitive to climate change from 1740 AD onwards. We attribute this shift to the enhancement of primary productivity within the lagoon, which is documented by an up to threefold increase in varve thickness. This marked change in the lagoon's ecosystem was caused by: (i) increased terrestrial input of nutrients, (ii) a closer connection to the sea and human eutrophication particularly from 1850 AD onwards, and (iii) increasing summer temperatures. Integration of our data with those of previously published paleolake sediment records, tree-ring-based precipitation reconstructions, simulations of atmospheric circulation and instrumental precipitation data suggests that wet conditions in winter prevailed during 1740–1790 AD, whereas dry winters marked the periods 1790–1830 AD (Dalton Minimum) and 1830–1930 AD, the latter being sporadically interrupted by wet winters. This variability in precipitation can be explained by shifts in the large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns over the European continent that affected the Balkan Peninsula (e.g., North Atlantic Oscillation). The transition between dry and wet phases at Etoliko points to longitudinal shifts of the precipitation pattern in the Balkan Peninsula during the Little Ice Age

A seasonal variation of the three Leading diagnoses over fifty months at the Duk Lost Boys Clinic, South Sudan

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Unterrichtsmodule zur Gesundheitsförderung Ergebnisse einer kontrollierten interventionsstudie an zwei Gymnasien

Zusammenfassung: In einer kontrollierten interventionsstudie an zwei neusprachlichen Gymnasien des Kantons Zürich wurden die Effekte gesundheitsfördernder Unterrichtsmodule untersucht, welche von Lehrpersonen und Jugendlichen gemeinsam entwickelt und in den üblichen Schulunterricht integriert wurden. Im einzelnen interessierten Auswirkungen auf das Unterrichtsklima, den Schulstress der Lernenden und deren physische und psychische Befindlichkeit. Die Schülerinnen und Schüler der interventions- und Kontrollschule wurden im Verlauf von 18 Monaten dreimal mit einem ausführlichen Fragebogen befragt. In der Interventions-schule wurden zwischen t1 und t2 (intervall 12 Monate) die Module zur Gesundheitsförderung implementiert. Im Untersuchungszeitraum kam es einerseits zu einer kritischeren Einschätzung des Unterrichtsklimas und des Schulstresses, andererseits zu einer Abnahme der physischen und psychischen Beschwerden bei den Lernenden. Diese Ergebnisse waren in beiden Schulen gleich, d.h. es liessen sich keine interventions-effekte nachweisen. Vermutlich wirkt die Teilnahme an einer Verlaufs-studie mit wiederholten Erhebungen im Sinne einer Sensibilisierung und Mobilisierung von Ressourcen bei den Jugendlichen. Die Studie zeigt Möglichkeiten zur Gesundheitsförderung bei Adoleszenten auf, weist aber auch auf Konflikte zwischen pädagogischem Leistungsauftrag und psychosomatischen Präventionsstrategien hi