Association of dementia with immunoglobulin G N-glycans in a Chinese Han population

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) functionality can drastically change from anti- to proinflammatory by alterations in the IgG N-glycan patterns. Our previous studies have demonstrated that IgG N-glycans associated with the risk factors of dementia, such as aging, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and ischemic stroke. Therefore, the aim is to investigate whether the effects of IgG N-glycan profiles on dementia exists in a Chinese Han population. A case–control study, including 81 patients with dementia, 81 age- and gender-matched controls with normal cognitive functioning (NC) and 108 non-matched controls with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was performed. Plasma IgG N-glycans were separated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Fourteen glycan peaks reflecting decreased of sialylation and core fucosylation, and increased bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) N-glycan structures were of statistically significant differences between dementia and NC groups after controlling for confounders (p \u3c 0.05; q \u3c 0.05). Similarly, the differences for these 14 initial glycans were statistically significant between AD and NC groups after adjusting for the effects of confounders (p \u3c 0.05; q \u3c 0.05). The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) value of the model consisting of GP8, GP9, and GP14 was determined to distinguish dementia from NC group as 0.876 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.815–0.923] and distinguish AD from NC group as 0.887 (95% CI: 0.819–0.936). Patients with dementia were of an elevated proinflammatory activity via the significant changes of IgG glycome. Therefore, IgG N-glycans might contribute to be potential novel biomarkers for the neurodegenerative process risk assessment of dementia

lncRNA-SNHG14 Promotes Atherosclerosis by Regulating RORα Expression through Sponge miR-19a-3p

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cardiovascular disease with high prevalence, disability, and mortality. The balance between proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a key role in the initiation of atherosclerosis. In this study, we found a significant decrease in the expression of lncRNA-SNHG14 in atherosclerotic plaque tissues of ApoE-/- mice. Overexpression of lncRNA-SNHG14 can inhibit VSMC proliferation while promoting apoptosis. There is a potential reciprocal regulatory relationship between lncRNASNHG14 and miR-19a-3p, which inhibit each other’s expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. In addition, the luciferase reporter gene analysis results showed that there was a direct interaction between miR-19a-3p and the 3′UTR of RORα. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the level of RORα mRNA was significantly increased in the aortas treated with miR-19a-3p and SNHG14 compared with that treated with miR-19a-3p alone. In conclusion, we demonstrated that lncRNA-SNHG14 regulates the apoptosis/proliferation balance of VSMCs in atherosclerosis

Probabilistic Entity-Relationship Diagram: A correlation between functional connectivity and spontaneous brain activity during resting state in major depressive disorder

<div><p>Background</p><p>Alterations of functional connectivity (FC) and spontaneous brain activity (SBA) during the resting state has been observed in subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD). Although there are many studies separately describing on the alterations of FC and SBA in major depressive disorder, their correlation are still have not been performed.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A literature search based on Pubmed and Embase was conducted until 20 April 2016 to identify studies evaluating the correlation for the alterations between functional connectivity and spontaneous brain activity during resting-state in MDD. Meta-analyses were performed using the Probabilistic Entity-Relationship Diagram (PERD) approach to summarize the relationships among multiple factors in an intuitive manner.</p><p>Results</p><p>A total of 30 studies (747 individuals with MDD and 757 healthy controls) met the inclusion criteria. In this study, we demonstrated that the functional connectivity and spontaneous brain activity, which was quantitatively measured by the primary analysis methods, was decreased in the parahippocampal gyrus, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and postcentral gyrus (PCG), and increased in insula and left dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) in MDD patients. Furthermore, we found that MDD patients presented negative correlation alterations both FC and SBA in the default mode network and the dorsal attention network, but positive correlation alterations both FC and SBA in the insular network, executive control network, the salience network and the other network.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Our results first suggested that there were correlation alterations between functional connectivity and spontaneous brain activity during resting-state in patients with MDD. Besides, we applied a recent meta-analysis approach (PERD) to summarize and integrate the inconsistence of the existing findings regarding the network dysfunction of MDD.</p></div