Comunicación corta. Cultivares de algodón con resistencia moderada a African cotton mosaic virus

A 3 year screening of 25 long staple cotton cultivars for resistance to African cotton mosaic virus (ACMoV) conducted in northern Nigeria during the 1999-2001 wet seasons indicated that no cultivar was immune or resistant. Two cultivars, Pima S1 and Pima S4 were moderately resistant (16% infection), four cultivars Pima S2, Pima S3, Giza 45 and Giza 69 were moderately susceptible (31% infection), while the remaining 19 cultivars were highly susceptible. The moderately resistant cultivars are high yielding, have high quality lint characteristics such as crin percentage, bundle strength, and micronaire fineness. They can be used to reduce the menace caused by ACMoV on cotton in Nigeria.Se llevó a cabo durante tres años, durante las estaciones húmedas de los años 1999-2001, en el norte de Nigeria, una búsqueda de resistencia al African cotton mosaic virus (ACMoV) entre 25 cultivares de algodón de fibra larga. Ningún cultivar fue inmune o resistente. Dos cultivares (Pima S1 y Pima S4) fueron moderadamente resistentes (16% de infección), cuatro cultivares (Pima S2, Pima S3, Giza 45 y Giza 69) fueron moderadamente susceptibles (31% de infección) y los 19 cultivares restantes fueron altamente susceptibles. Los cultivares moderadamente resistentes dieron una producción alta y tienen una hiladura de alta calidad. Estos cultivares pueden ser utilizados para reducir la amenaza producida por ACMoV en algodón en Nigeria

Listeria Species in Seafoods from two Major Fish Markets in Lagos, Nigeria

Listeria is a bacterial genus thatis widely distributed in our environment. Its most economically important species is Listeria monocytogenes. Listeriosis is a serious infection caused by eating food contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes. The contamination of seafoods with Listeria species may occur during processing, handling and packaging due to poor quality control measures. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify Listeria spp. from seafoods sold at Liverpool and Makoko fish markets in Lagos. A total of 193 seafood samples including Blue Whiting (Micromesistus poutasou), Croaker (Pseudotolitus elongatus) and Pink Shrimp (Penaeus notialis) were screened for the presence of Listeria spp. The isolation and identification of Listeria species were carried out using the Oxoid Listeria Précis method. Forty-nine samples were positive for Listeria spp. and were identified as Listeria ivanovii,L. grayi, L. welshimeri, L. monocytogenes and L. innocua. Fresh croaker had the highest prevalence of 58.8%. The results of this study indicate the presence of Listeria spp. in seafoods in Liverpool and Makoko fish markets. It also revealed the possibility that these seafoods could contribute to food borne infections. Therefore, the improvement of seafood quality is of utmost importance

Confucianism and Christianity A case study of Confucianism in China and Pentecostalism in Nigeria

两个男人塑造历史的整个过程明显，这两个人的道德活动和人们的生活产生了深刻的影响。其中一人是孔子，另一个是耶稣基督。这些人，他们的生活，他们的教导已成为国家已建成的基础。 孔子中央教学集中在仁和李-人性化和仪式，耶稣总结了他的教诲在一个短语，“彼此相爱，因为我曾经爱过你”。孔子和耶稣的家庭，家庭成员的角色和责任的理想社会的蓬勃发展奠定了中央的重视。 孔子的教诲，被称为当今儒学是中央的道德的思想，大多数亚洲国家从中国传播到日本和韩国，而耶稣基督的教导，被称为基督教是大多数西方国家的道德思想。五旬节是基督教的分支之一，其重点集中在圣灵的礼物和运作的圣灵。 这项工作在这两个不同社会与结算的理解的...Two men have shaped the entire course of history significantly; these two men have had a profound influence on the moral activities and life of people. One of the men is Confucius and other is Jesus Christ. These men, their lives, their teachings have become the foundations of which nations have been built. Confucius central teaching is centred on ren and li - humanness and rituals, Jesus summed ...学位：哲学硕士院系专业：人文学院_中国哲学学号：1012011115436

Alternative hosts of cassava viruses in Kaduna and Sokoto states, Nigeria

Field surveys were conducted in 2015 wet and 2016 dry seasons to determine the occurrence of alternative hosts of cassava viruses in Kaduna and Sokoto States, Nigeria. Eighteen farms from six local Government Areas namely; Lere, Chikun, Kajuru (Kaduna State), Tureta, Shagari and Tambuwal (Sokoto State) were surveyed. Fifty- four weed samples within and around the farms were collected; Eighteen weeds were identified in wet season while 19 weeds were collected and 18 were identified during dry season. Three viruses were tested; African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV), East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV) were detected using Triple Antibody Sandwich ELISA and Cassava Congo sequivirus using Double Antibody Sandwich ELISA. In Kaduna State, seven samples were positive to ACMV (38.8%) and four samples were positive to ACMV (22.22%) in wet and dry seasons respectively. One sample was positive to EACMV (5.56%) and mixed infection of ACMV + EACMV (5.56%). Cassava Congo sequivirus was negative in all the samples. In Sokoto State, seven weeds were positive to ACMV (38.89%) and three weeds were positive to ACMV (16.69%) in both wet and dry seasons respectively. Weeds that were identified in both wet and dry seasons were Combretum hispidum (L.) and Euphorbia hirta. Euphorbia hirta (L) was found to be an alternative host to ACMV, EACMV and their co-infection. The identification of Euphorbia hirta as new alternative host has widen the knowledge on viral inoculum. This will help to narrow the gap in spread of the disease

Systemic Risk: Overlapping Portfolios, Diversification and Policy Interactions

Systemic risk, the possibility that a triggering event such as the failure of a large financial firm will seriously impair financial markets and harm the broader economy, has taken centre stage since the recent global financial crisis. In the wake of the crisis, policy-makers worldwide have recognised the need to fill gaps in our understanding of the dynamics of the financial system, its non-linear relationship with the real economy, and the factors responsible for alternating phases of stability and instability characterising the system. This thesis addresses the aforementioned gaps under three main headings related to systemic risk: overlapping portfolios, risk diversification and policy interaction. The insights developed suggest that specialised financial institutions pose a great risk to the stability of the financial system when banks are indirectly connected via overlapping portfolios. Furthermore, this work shows that diversification serves multiple roles in relation to financial stability; on the one hand diversification reduces the risk of an isolated bank failure, but on the other hand it increases the risk of many joint failures. The findings of the analyses are used to propose regulatory policies for improving financial stability and social welfare. Lastly, in a bid to avoid the fallacy of composition risk that is associated with the study of regulatory policies in isolation, this thesis also attempts to identify the complex interactions of resolution, monetary, and macro-prudential policies

Systolic blood pressure of Nigerian children with sickle cell disease

Background: Blood pressure readings of adult Nigerians with sickle cell disease (SCD) are reported to be lower than that of the general population but similar studies in children are unavailable.Objectives: To determine the systolic blood pressure (SBP) of children with SCD and compare it with that of healthy controls. Also, to correlate the SBP of children with SCD with age, gender, height and weight.Methods: Children with SCD were recruited from the Paediatric Haematology Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Data collected included bio-demographic details, social classification, height and weight measurements and present clinical status. SBP was measured using a Doppler (VASCUTRACK 120®) and a mercury sphygmomanometer. Similar data were obtained from age and sex matched apparently healthy children.Results: One hundred and twenty three children with SCD and 62 apparently healthy controls were studied; 62% were females. The mean age of the children with SCD was 8.93±3.91years (range 1-17years) and was similar to the controls. SBP was similar in both groups of children (90.9±12.7 versus 92.2±15.2 mmHg; p=0.53) and increased with age. In 91 (74%) children with SCD the SBP was below the 50th centile for the general population. Multiple linear regressions involving sex, age, height and weight found no independent factor to be a significant predictor of the SBP in children with SCD.Conclusion: The SBP of children with SCD is similar to that of age and sex-matched controls. The sex, age, weight and height did not significantly predict SBP in multiple linear regression

The role of processors in the improvement and expansion of fruit crop production in the western state of Nigeria ; a case study

Four assumptions-- 1. That there is an effective and potential demand for processed fruit products in the Western State of Nigeria. 2. That current supply of raw materials in the Western State of Nigeria is more than sufficient to meet the increased demand which the short-term addition or expansion (or both) of market opportunities as provided by processors will stimulate. 3. That farmers could be better-off economically by widening their margin. 4. That while a processing unit may have many objectives, like survival, large size, power and status, the overriding motive of the unit is to try to maximize profit. -- were made in conducting this study which is an attempt to understand the impact a particular processing firm in the Western State of Nigeria has made on farmers in its surrounding, and a postulate of the role such firms could play in the improvement and expansion of fruit crop production, especially in the context of the stage of development Nigeria is today. With orange and pineapple as fruits of emphasis, the field work, done in Nigeria, took 59 days (July 20, 1970, to September 17, 1970); 45 days spent in interviewing farmers, 12 days in watching processing activities of 'Blaize'--the fruit processor; and 2 days taken off in-between. Three major issues examined are 1. The system of farming practiced by the producers--farmers producing for Blaize--particularly the farming changes (if any) induced by the addition or expansion (or both) of market opportunities as provided by the processor--'Blaize'. 2. The organization, activities and program of the processor-buyer (Blaize) as they relate to the purchase of orange and pineapple from Abeokuta area. 3. The kind of relationship which has been established between the processor firm (Blaize) and farmers who supply to it. Findings are: 1. The area of land planted to orange and pineapple in Abeokuta has been increasing over the years. 2. Farmers are responsive to price incentives; and are willing to increase their productivity to take advantage of profit opportunities, but they tend to guard against a long-term curtailment of food production. 3. Farmers earn their most cash-income from farming. 4. Nonfarm activities of the present farmers provide an increasingly smaller resource potential for production increase. 5. Capital, labor, good roads and transport are major constraints on farmers' production in Abeokuta area. 6. Abeokuta farmers diversify, but they grow more crops for domestic market than for export. 7. Land-use in Abeokuta features 9.2 percent devoted to ara-ables, 16.3 percent to tree crops, about 11.6 percent and 15.4 percent devoted to orange and pineapple, respectively; and 60 percent still residual. Average land-size per farm family is 32.7 acres, all scattered on an average of 8.6 plots. 8. Fruit growers in Abeokuta area are market oriented. 9. People in age brackets (26-37) and (37-46), as compared with other age brackets, have the largest amount of land, are more numerous, and are more market oriented. Areas of possible further investigation are: 1. Analysis of consumer demand. 2. The difficulties which may be faced by the expansion of processed fruit products when such will be meant for exports. 3. Promotional measures, and the utilization of by-products of processing plants. 4. Analysis of the existing marketing channels and services. 5. Capacity assessment of any given processor-plant. 6. The determination of the most suitable location of any proposed plant

An examination of challenges educators and families faced in the Aftermath of COVID-19

As schools begin to fully or phase into re-opening, they should ensure that the 3 “I”s that have emerged during Covid-19 in education; infrastructure, interaction, and instruction (both in-person and online) are adequately addressed. This is one of a series of briefs that focused on a ‘critical incident’ surrounding school closure and offers pragmatic suggestions to educational leaders as they continue to grapple with the disruptions of the pandemic