Analysis of diversity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers

Molecular markers are useful tool for assessing genetic variations and resolving genotype identity. In the current study, genetic diversity among 20 rice genotypes was assessed using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat (SSR). In RAPD analysis, 20 primers generated a total of 116 bands of which 114 were polymorphic. The number of amplification products produced by each primer varied from 4 to 7 with an average of 5.8 bands per primer. Twenty (20) SSR primers generated a total of 65 alleles with an average 3.2 alleles per primer. Genetic diversity of 20 genotypes estimated by polymorphic information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.62 to 0.97 in SSR and 0.33 to 0.88 with RAPD analysis. The cluster dendrogram by SSR revealed two major clusters. Rajeshwari was the only genotype in cluster I. The cluster II further divided into two sub clusters IIA and IIB. II A consisted of 17 genotypes while II B consisted of two genotypes (Apo and Kalakeni). The information generated from this study can be used to maximize selection of diverse parents and broaden the germplasm base for the future rice breeding programs.Keywords: Genetic diversity, molecular markers, rice, markers based estimation of genetic diversity in rice.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(35), pp. 5404-541

Submissive Osteoarthrectomy in Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis- Subharti Experience

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of submissive osteoarthrectomy in temporomandibular  ankylosis patients.Patients and method: A total 15 patients (20 joints) were operated under general anaesthesia and in these 15 patients 5 were male and 10 were female. Out of these 15 patients 10 were suffering from unilateral TMJ ankylosis and 5 were with bilateral TMJ ankylosis. The age of the patients was ranged from 10-19 years with mean of 12.53 years. After exposure ankylotic mass a gap of 6mm was created to achieve the satisfactory mouth opening followed by interposing the temporalis myofacial flap and pedicled buccal fat pad between the cut ends of the bone.Result: All the patients were followed post-surgery for a minimum duration of 24 months. The mean post-operative mouth opening of the patients was 32.45 mm after 2 years with significant improvement in contralateral excursive and protrusive movements. In this case series no significant sign of heterotrophic calcification or reankylosis was noted and anatomical shape of the condyle was also achieved in all cases.Conclusion: Submissive osteoarthrectomy is a modification in surgical technique for the release of temporomandibular joint ankylosis has considerable results in terms of functional and esthetic outcome

Statin Use and Risk of Prostate Cancer : A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that statins may decrease the risk of cancers. However, available evidence on prostate cancer (PCa) is conflicting. We therefore examined the association between statin use and risk of PCa by conducting a detailed meta-analysis of all observational studies published regarding this subject. Methods: Literature search in PubMed database was undertaken through February 2012 looking for observational studies evaluating the association between statin use and risk of PCa. Before meta-analysis, the studies were evaluated for publication bias and heterogeneity. Pooled relative risk (RR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects model (DerSimonian and Laird method). Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analysis and cumulative meta-analysis were also performed. Results: A total of 27 (15 cohort and 12 case-control) studies contributed to the analysis. There was heterogeneity among the studies but no publication bias. Statin use significantly reduced the risk of both total PCa by 7% (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-0.99, p = 0.03) and clinically important advanced PCa by 20% (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.70-0.90, p<0.001). Long-term statin use did not significantly affect the risk of total PCa (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.84-1.05, p = 0.31). Stratification by study design did not substantially influence the RR. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of results. Cumulative meta-analysis showed a change in trend of reporting risk from positive to negative in statin users between 1993 and 2011. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that statins reduce the risk of both total PCa and clinically important advanced PCa. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to identify the underlying biological mechanisms.Peer reviewe

Key Perspectives in Power Aware Ad-hoc Internet of Things with Advanced Networks and Real Time Scenarios

Smart gadgets with integrated power optimization segments are the key perspectives that use Internet of Things (IoT) enabled technology to promote lifestyle advancements. It has an influence on a number of sectors in academia and/or business thanks to its strong integration with the current Cloud architecture. Recently, the Internet of Things has been acknowledged as a disruptive technology for the aerial ad hoc network. IoT may be thought of as a network inside a network. IoT-based networks rely heavily on the so-called self-organizing capability working in a dispersed manner in ad hoc networks, with users travelling at speeds ranging from walking pace to automobile, rail, or airline speed. IoT applications that assist logistics and the administration of ad hoc networks may be found in a broad variety. Utility companies are under pressure now to produce ever more enormous amounts of electricity. In megacities, there is an exponential rise in the number of people and energy users. Thus, the need for energy conservation is growing significantly on a global scale. The best way to optimise the rising energy demands and consumptions is as a consequence of the development of energy-monitoring systems. These solutions can cut current utilisation levels, stop energy waste, and make better use of our resources

Power and Energy Optimized Approach towards Sustainable Mobile Ad-hoc Networks and IoT

Investigating how real-time applications in sectors like healthcare, agriculture, construction, and manufacturing can enhance their effectiveness and sustainability through the use of autonomous sensor technologies, green computing, and big data analytics is part of the work with sustainable approaches for optimising performance of networks. This authoritative guide exposes the drawbacks of conventional technology and provides techniques and tactics for addressing Quality of Service (QOS) issues and enhancing network performance. It brings together a broad team of subject-matter specialists. Several in-depth chapters cover topics like blockchain-assisted secure data sharing, intelligent management of ad hoc networks, smart 5G Internet of Things scenarios, and the use of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and learning techniques (DL) techniques in smart healthcare, smart factory, and smart agriculture

Cogging Torque Minimization of PMBLDC Motor for Application in Battery Electric Vehicle

Since the beginning, researchers have focused globally on the automotive industry, which recently yielded a notable increase in the development of electric vehicles. The cogging torque of the motor is the leading cause of acoustic noise and vibration. Therefore, this paper aims to reduce the cogging torque of Brushless DC motors in electric vehicles. The power rating of the two-wheeler battery electric vehicle is determined with kinematic dynamic equations. The choice of material and the combination of pole slots impact the vehicle’s overall performance, particularly in raising the average torque of the motor. Finite element based Ansys Maxwell electromagnetic field simulation software has been used to design and analyze the electric and magnetic field parameters of BLDC motor using several rotor poles embrace factor values. The findings of this study are expected to reduce vibration and noise in electric vehicles with increased average torque

The diagnostic role of saliva: a review

As a diagnostic fluid, saliva offers distinctive advantages over serum because it can be collected non-invasively by individuals, even by patient. Does not require special equipment for collection and storage as unlike blood saliva does not clot. Advantageous for person in whom blood drawing is difficult as in obese and haemophilic patient. Whole saliva used for diagnosis of systemic diseases, because it contains serum constituents. These constituents are derived from the local vasculature of the salivary glands and gingival cervicular fluid.This review examines the diagnostic application of saliva for hereditary disorders, autoimmune diseases, malignant and infectious diseases, and endocrine disorders, as well as in the assessment of therapeutic levels of drugs and the monitoring of illicit drug use, and also for forensic evidence and others. . In future we are likely to see the increased utilization of saliva as a diagnostic fluid. As we enter the era of genomic medicine, sialochemistry will play an increasingly important role in the early detection, the monitoring and progression of the systemic and oral diseases