527 research outputs found
A Meta-Analytic Review of the Dark Triad-Intelligence Connection
We conducted a meta-analytic review of the relations between general mental ability (GMA) and the Dark Triad (DT) personality traitsâMachiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathyâto determine if individuals who display socially exploitative social qualities tend to be more intelligent or less intelligent. Across 48 independent samples, GMA showed no consistent relation with any DT trait. These effects were not sufficient to support either the âevil geniusâ hypothesis (highly intelligent individuals tend to display socially exploitative personality traits) or the âcompensatoryâ hypothesis (less intelligent individuals compensate for their cognitive disadvantages by adopting manipulative behavioral tendencies). However, these relations were moderated, to some extent, by the sex and age of the participants, type of sample studied, and the measure of GMA
The Role of Discrete Emotions in Job Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis
[Summary] The relationship between emotions and job satisfaction is widely acknowledged via affective events theory (AET). Despite its widespread use, AET was not designed to address why specific emotions might differentially relate to job satisfaction. We utilize appraisal theory of emotion to refine AET and provide this nuanced theorizing. We metaâanalytically test our ideas with 235 samples across 99â883 individuals and 22â600 intraâindividual episodes. We test two approachesâspecific emotion experiences (16 discrete emotions) versus general emotion experiences (positive or negative emotions)âand present empirical evidence of their similarities and differences with job satisfaction. Our findings suggest that specific emotions with circumstanceâagency appraisals (e.g., depression and happiness) have the strongest associations with job satisfaction compared to emotions with selfâ and otherâagency appraisals and general emotion experiences. However, more variability is observed for negative emotions and job satisfaction compared to positive emotions. Further, we address and even challenge influential critiques of emotions and job satisfaction via a metaâanalytic test of five moderatorsâemotion intensity versus frequency, target of emotion, job satisfaction measure, level of analysis, and time referent for emotion and job satisfaction recall. In sum, we advance academic and practitioner understanding of the relationship between emotions and job satisfaction
Instanton test of non-supersymmetric deformations of the AdS_5 x S^5
We consider instanton effects in a non-supersymmetric gauge theory obtained
by marginal deformations of the N=4 SYM. This gauge theory is expected to be
dual to type IIB string theory on the AdS_5 times deformed-S^5 background. From
an instanton calculation in the deformed gauge theory we extract the prediction
for the dilaton-axion field \tau in dual string theory. In the limit of small
deformations where the supergravity regime is valid, our instanton result
reproduces the expression for \tau of the supergravity solution found by
Frolov.Comment: 15 page
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Checkpoint inhibition of origin firing prevents DNA topological stress.
A universal feature of DNA damage and replication stress in eukaryotes is the activation of a checkpoint-kinase response. In S-phase, the checkpoint inhibits replication initiation, yet the function of this global block to origin firing remains unknown. To establish the physiological roles of this arm of the checkpoint, we analyzed separation of function mutants in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that allow global origin firing upon replication stress, despite an otherwise normal checkpoint response. Using genetic screens, we show that lack of the checkpoint-block to origin firing results in a dependence on pathways required for the resolution of topological problems. Failure to inhibit replication initiation indeed causes increased DNA catenation, resulting in DNA damage and chromosome loss. We further show that such topological stress is not only a consequence of a failed checkpoint response but also occurs in an unperturbed S-phase when too many origins fire simultaneously. Together we reveal that the role of limiting the number of replication initiation events is to prevent DNA topological problems, which may be relevant for the treatment of cancer with both topoisomerase and checkpoint inhibitors
The staggered domain wall fermion method
A different lattice fermion method is introduced. Staggered domain wall
fermions are defined in 2n+1 dimensions and describe 2^n flavors of light
lattice fermions with exact U(1) x U(1) chiral symmetry in 2n dimensions. As
the size of the extra dimension becomes large, 2^n chiral flavors with the same
chiral charge are expected to be localized on each boundary and the full
SU(2^n) x SU(2^n) flavor chiral symmetry is expected to be recovered. SDWF give
a different perspective into the inherent flavor mixing of lattice fermions and
by design present an advantage for numerical simulations of lattice QCD
thermodynamics. The chiral and topological index properties of the SDWF Dirac
operator are investigated. And, there is a surprise ending...Comment: revtex4, 7 figures, minor revisions, 2 references adde
Conformal Quivers and Melting Molecules
Quiver quantum mechanics describes the low energy dynamics of a system of
wrapped D-branes. It captures several aspects of single and multicentered BPS
black hole geometries in four-dimensional supergravity such
as the presence of bound states and an exponential growth of microstates. The
Coulomb branch of an Abelian three node quiver is obtained by integrating out
the massive strings connecting the D-particles. It allows for a scaling regime
corresponding to a deep AdS throat on the gravity side. In this scaling
regime, the Coulomb branch is shown to be an invariant
multi-particle superconformal quantum mechanics. Finally, we integrate out the
strings at finite temperature---rather than in their ground state---and show
how the Coulomb branch `melts' into the Higgs branch at high enough
temperatures. For scaling solutions the melting occurs for arbitrarily small
temperatures, whereas bound states can be metastable and thus long lived.
Throughout the paper, we discuss how far the analogy between the quiver model
and the gravity picture, particularly within the AdS throat, can be taken.Comment: 49 pages, 16 figure
REFINE (reduced frequency ImmuNE checkpoint inhibition in cancers): A multi-arm phase II basket trial testing reduced intensity immunotherapy across different cancers
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionised treating advanced cancers. ICI are administered intravenously every 2â6âŻweeks for up to 2âŻyears, until cancer progression/unacceptable toxicity. Physiological efficacy is observed at lower doses than those used as standard of care (SOC). Pharmacodynamic studies indicate sustained target occupancy, despite a pharmacological half-life of 2â3âŻweeks. Reducing frequency of administration may be possible without compromising outcomes. The REFINE trial aims to limit individual patient exposure to ICI whilst maintaining efficacy, with potential benefits in quality of life and reduced drug treatment/attendance costs.
Methods/Design
REFINE is a randomised phase II, multi-arm, multi-stage (MAMS) adaptive basket trial investigating extended interval administration of ICIs. Eligible patients are those responding to conventionally dosed ICI at 12âŻweeks. In stage I, patients (nâŻ=âŻ160 per tumour-specific cohort) will be randomly allocated (1:1) to receive maintenance ICI at SOC vs extended dose interval. REFINE is currently recruiting UK patients with locally advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who have tolerated and responded to initial nivolumab/ipilimumab, randomised to receive maintenance nivolumab SOC (480âŻmg 4 weekly) vs extended interval (480âŻmg 8 weekly). Additional tumour cohorts are planned. Subject to satisfactory outcomes (progression-free survival) stage II will investigate up to 5 different treatment intervals. Secondary outcome measures include overall survival, quality-of-life, treatment-related toxicity, mean incremental pathway costs and quality-adjusted life-years per patient. REFINE is funded by the Jon Moulton Charity Trust and Medical Research Council, sponsored by University College London (UCL), and coordinated by the MRC CTU at UCL
Author Correction: A consensus-based transparency checklist.
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper
Is there evidence for cosmic anisotropy in the polarization of distant radio sources?
Measurements of the polarization angle and orientation of cosmological radio
sources may be used to search for unusual effects in the propagation of light
through the universe. Recently, Nodland and Ralston (astro-ph/9704196) have
claimed to find evidence for a redshift- and direction-dependent rotation
effect in existing data. We re-examine these data and argue that there is no
statistically significant signal present. We are able to place stringent limits
on hypothetical chiral interactions of photons propagating through spacetime.Comment: 17 pages, including 7 figures. (Arithmetic error corrected, fixing
value of chi^2
Ultraviolet Study of the Active Interacting Binary Star R Arae using Archival IUE Data
The eclipsing and strongly interacting binary star system R Arae (HD149730)
is in a very active and very short-lived stage of its evolution. R Ara consists
of a B9V primary and an unknown secondary. We have collected the International
Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) archival data on R Ara, with most of the data being
studied for the first time. There are 117 high resolution IUE spectra taken in
1980, 1982, 1985, 1989, and 1991. We provide photometric and spectroscopic
evidence for mass transfer and propose a geometry for the accretion structure.
We use colour scale radial velocity plots to view the complicated behavior of
the blended absorption features and to distinguish the motions of hotter and
cooler regions within the system. We observed a primary eclipse of R Ara in
2008 and have verified that its period is increasing. A model of the system and
its evolutionary status is presented.Comment: 13 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
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