Mechanical Characterization of APA Microcapsules by Parallel-Plate Compression

We produced microcapsules of alginate-poly(L)lysine-alginate (APA)with diameters on the order of 10 µm. To characterize their mechanical properties, we conducted an experiment on the parallel-plate compression of a microcapsule and modeled its deformation. In the modeling task, the microcapsule was assumed to be a spherical liquid-filled elastic membrane with negligible bending stiffness and permeability. The membrane thickness was estimated by applying Reissner's linear elastic theory to the experimental force-displacement relationship during loading in the small displacement region. The initial stretch of the membrane was taken into account; it was mainly caused by the osmotic pressure difference across the membrane. The initial stretch of the microcapsule was determined by fitting the calculated and experimental force-displacement relationships during loading at small to medium displacements. At large displacements, the calculated force was smaller than the experimentally measured force because of fluid permeation across the APA membrane. The calculated and experimentally imaged shapes of the deformed microcapsule were compared. The effects of varying the membrane thickness on the force-displacement and transmural pressure-displacement curves were shown, and the limitations of applying the present deformation model were examined

Derivation of Navier-Stokes Equation of Axisymmetric Flow for Cylindrical Coordinate System

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Squat Exercise Therapy : Effective for Diabetics by HiSquat

In the physiotherapy, adequate exercise therapy has been important including aerobic and resistance exercise. Authors and colleagues have treated lots of patients with metabolic syndrome (Met-S) and reported for nutritional and exercise therapy. In this study, subjects included 73 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) aged 66.8 ± 13.0 y.o. Methods included squat exercising 5 minutes twice a day for 6 months, using exercise equipment ‘HiSquat’. The basal data were BMI 24.8 ± 4.8 kg/m2, abdominal circumference 87.2 ± 11.0 cm, thigh circumference 42.7 ± 6.2 cm, HbA1c 7.0 ± 1.0%. HbA1c value at 6 months was 6.5 ± 1.0%, with significant decrease. Significant correlation was shown between BMI and the abdomen/height ratio. Patients with higher HbA1c would be more effective for squat exercise therapy. There is limitation of this study, and further investigation of correlation among biomarkers would develop various researches. Our results would be fundamental and reference data in this research field

QOL and value attitude in masters’ athletes

Objective: Masters’ athletes have been recognized as the model of anti-aging or “exceptionally successful ageing”. To explore the reasons for such recognition, we have investigated masters’ athletes from the viewpoints of lifestyle and sport psychology, and clarified several new findings. Methods: Subjects were 142 masters’ athletes (100 males, 40 females, and 2 unknowns, average age 64.3 years old), in which approximately 90% have no history of metabolic syndrome or arteriosclerotic diseases. Anti-aging common questionnaire for QOL (AAQOL) was conducted and activity of daily living (ADL) was evaluated. Results: Significant correlations were observed between AAQOL categories and 4 factors, which are self-esteem for health, daily satisfaction, worthwhile daily life, sleep quality. The factors influencing health self-esteem were constipation, abdominal fullness, insomnia, age, hypnagogic disorder, fatigue-related symptom, and forgetfulness. The factors influencing the satisfaction of daily life were persistent neurological symptoms, age and difficulty in making judgment. Conclusion: The present study would contribute to the development of theoretical anti-aging medicine and increasing masters’ athletes with low glycative stress, leading to a new era for the practice of anti-aging QOL/ADL in combination with anti-aging medicine and masters’ athletes

Gauge Theoretical Construction of Non-compact Calabi-Yau Manifolds

We construct the non-compact Calabi-Yau manifolds interpreted as the complex line bundles over the Hermitian symmetric spaces. These manifolds are the various generalizations of the complex line bundle over CP^{N-1}. Imposing an F-term constraint on the line bundle over CP^{N-1}, we obtain the line bundle over the complex quadric surface Q^{N-2}. On the other hand, when we promote the U(1) gauge symmetry in CP^{N-1} to the non-abelian gauge group U(M), the line bundle over the Grassmann manifold is obtained. We construct the non-compact Calabi-Yau manifolds with isometries of exceptional groups, which we have not discussed in the previous papers. Each of these manifolds contains the resolution parameter which controls the size of the base manifold, and the conical singularity appears when the parameter vanishes.Comment: LaTeX2e, 27 pages, no figures, typos correcte

スクワットの効果的トレーニング : 糖尿病に対するハイスクワットの試行

Background: Recent clinical problems in primary care medicine include metabolic syndrome (Met-S) as well as other problems, such as diabetes mellitus, locomotive syndrome (Loc-S) and flailty in middle-age to older people. Regarding exercise therapy for patients with Met-S and Loc-S, aerobic exercise and also resistance (anaerobic) exercise have been considered as necessary. Thus, simple and effective resistance exercise methods should be clarified. Subjects and Methods: The subjects were 61 patients (male 36, female 25) with diabetes mellitus (66.9 ± 13.5 years old, mean ± SD). Subjects were instructed to perform a continuous squat exercises 5 minutes in morning and evening every day for 6 months, using the small exercise equipment ‘HiSquat”. The movements included 1) walking or jogging, 2) inner thigh exercise, 3) outer thigh exercise, 4) straight thigh exercise. Parameters were height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference, thigh circumference and blood HbA1c value. The treatment of the subjects were not changed during the 6 months. HbA1c value was compared between 0 and 6 months. Results: The fundamental data before the study were as follows: height 159.4 ± 8.4 cm, body weight 62.5 ± 13.8 kg, BMI 24.5 ± 4.7 kg/m2, abdominal circumference 86.8 ± 10.7 cm, thigh circumference 42.9 ± 6.4 cm, HbA1c 6.8 ± 0.9%. HbA1c value at 6 months was 6.4 ± 1.0%, with a statistically significant decrease of 0.4%. As for the correlation analyses, a positive significant correlation was observed between BMI and the thigh/height ratio, and a negative significant correlation was observed between age and thigh/waist ratio. Conclusion: In this study, the HbA1c value was significantly decreased, which suggests the exercise effect of HiSquat. Our study provides fundamental data for the value of waist/thigh circumference in the exercise therapy, and also the efficacy of HiSquat; consequently it suggests the efficacy of HiSquat use for Met-S, Loc-S and flailty, which are increasing concerns in anti-aging medicine of Japan

Development and application of an ultra-miniaturized blood collecting/testing system by MEMS

This report outlines research, supported by a Kansai University special fund (2004). Collecting blood and sending it to a given destination is inevitable in micro-TAS application for the purpose of this research. Development of a micro-needle made of biodegradable polymer and a method for collecting blood with this micro-needle, evaluation of bloodstream characteristics in a micro-channel, and development of supporting technology for collecting and analyzing blood are discussed in this paper. In each case, successful new technologies were developed

Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha SpectroPolarimeter (CLASP)

Chromosphere, the transition layer of the sun is a region to switch to the magnetic pressure dominated from plasma pressure dominated, simultaneous observation of the detailed magnetic field measurement and plasma of dynamic phenomenon here is what is the frontier of the next solar physics. As This is a challenge that has just mentioned, even the next solar observation satellite plan SOLAR-C, in the experiments we had used a NASA sounding rocket for the first time in the SOLAR-C plan, will address the chromosphere-transition layer magnetic field measurement there. It is, is a Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha Spectro-Polarimeter (CLASP) plan, the linear polarization of Lyman emission lines chromosphere-transition layer shoots (121.6nm) were detected in 0.1 percent of high accuracy, a new technique called Hanre effect I get the magnetic field information of chromosphere-transition layer. In Japan, the US and Europe joint observation in November 2012 as a rocket experiment is adopted to NASA this plan that full-scale start-up, start from assembly work is 2014 spring flight observation device, currently, it is where the alignment of the optical elements have been implemented. After this, it is planned to continue with the performance evaluation towards the observation implementation of summer 2015. In addition to once again explain the contents of the plan In this presentation, we report an overview of the entire development and preparation current status

Solar Lyman-Alpha Polarization Observation of the Chromosphere and Transition Region by the Sounding Rocket Experiment CLASP

We are planning an international rocket experiment Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha Spectro-Polarimeter (CLASP) is (2015 planned) that Lyman line (Ly(alpha) line) polarization spectroscopic observations from the sun. The purpose of this experiment, detected with high accuracy of the linear polarization of the Ly(alpha) lines to 0.1% by using a Hanle effect is to measure the magnetic field of the chromosphere-transition layer directly. For polarization photometric accuracy achieved that approx. 0.1% required for CLASP, it is necessary to realize the monitoring device with a high throughput. On the other hand, Ly(alpha) line (vacuum ultraviolet rays) have a sensitive characteristics that is absorbed by the material. We therefore set the optical system of the reflection system (transmission only the wavelength plate), each of the mirrors, subjected to high efficiency of the multilayer coating in accordance with the role. Primary mirror diameter of CLASP is about 30 cm, the amount of heat about 30,000 J is about 5 minutes of observation time is coming mainly in the visible light to the telescope. In addition, total flux of the sun visible light overwhelmingly large and about 200 000 times the Ly(alpha) line wavelength region. Therefore, in terms of thermal management and 0.1% of the photometric measurement accuracy achieved telescope, elimination of the visible light is essential. We therefore, has a high reflectivity (> 50%) in Ly line, visible light is a multilayer coating be kept to a low reflectance (<5%) (cold mirror coating) was applied to the primary mirror. On the other hand, the efficiency of the polarization analyzer required chromospheric magnetic field measurement (the amount of light) Conventional (magnesium fluoride has long been known as a material for vacuum ultraviolet (MgF2) manufactured ellipsometer; Rs = 22%) about increased to 2.5 times were high efficiency reflective polarizing element analysis. This device, Bridou et al. (2011) is proposed "that is coated with a thin film of the substrate MgF2 and SiO2 fused silica." As a result of the measurement, Rs = 54.5%, to achieve a Rp = 0.3%, high efficiency, of course, capable of taking out only about s-polarized light. Other reflective optical elements (the secondary mirror, the diffraction gratingcollector mirror), subjected to high-reflection coating of Al + MgF2 (reflectance of about 80%), less than 5% in the entire optical system by these (CCD Science was achieved a high throughput as a device for a vacuum ultraviolet ray of the entire system less than 5% (CCD of QE is not included)