Vulnerability of the medical professional. Bioethical approach

Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaStudy conducted with the support of the project 20.80009.8007.37 Chronic liver and pancreatic diseases: nutritional and surgical aspects within the State Program (2020-2023), project leader: Lupasco Iulianna, PhD., research. şt., contracting authority: National Agency for Research and Development.Studiu realizat cu suportul proiectului 20.80009.8007.37 Bolile cronice hepatice și pancreatice: aspecte nutriționale și chirurgicale din cadrul Programului de Stat (2020-2023), conducător de proiect: Lupașco Iulianna, dr. hab. șt. med., cercet. șt., autoritatea contractantă: Agenția Națională pentru Cercetare și Dezvoltare.Introducere. Vulnerabilitatea lucrătorului medical reprezintă un subiect bioetic esențial în activitatea biomedicală contemporană. Mai mult, manifestarea vulnerabilității medicului, conștientizarea cauzelor, procesul și efectele, precum și abilitățile de control, contribuie la sporirea calității actului medical. Scopul lucrării. Identificarea unor repere bioetice în conceptualizarea vulnerabilității medicilor în contextul sistemului medical contemporan Material și Metode. Conceptul de vulnerabilitate în integritatea sa a fost întemeiat din cunoștințele actuale. Vulnerabilitatea medicului a fost identificată în sistemul medical actual la nivel instituțional, individual și socio-cultural. Cercetarea implică metoda analizei, dialectică și hermeneutică. Rezultate. Recunoaștem că sistemul medical autohton preponderent este axat pe formele, manifestarea și diminuarea vulnerabilității pacientului. Medicul este interpretat drept profesionalistul care gestionează vulnerabilitatea bolnavului acordând îngrijire. Printre acestea, realitatea sugerează și un alt context, medicul la rândul său se confruntă cu situații complexe de vulnerabilitate în activitatea sa. Vulnerabilitatea medicului este interdependentă de vulnerabilitatea pacientului și invers. Există o legătură între vulnerabilitatea medicilor și cea a pacienților, a căror îngrijire devine mai problematică pe măsură ce profesioniștii devin mai vulnerabili. Concluzii. Calitatea actului medical este strâns legat de vulnerabilitatea subiecților implicați în fazele acestuia. Aportul bioeticii în analiza vulnerabilității lucrătorului medical contribuie la îmbunătățirea actului medical și a calității vieții atât a medicului, cât și a pacientului.Introduction. The vulnerability of the medical professional is an essential bioethical topic in contemporary biomedical activity. Moreover, the manifestation of the doctor’s vulnerability, awareness of the causes, process and effects, as well as self-control skills, contribute to increasing the quality of the medical act. Objective. Identifying bioethical landmarks in conceptualizing the vulnerability of physicians in the context of the contemporary medical system. Material and methods. The integral concept of vulnerability was based on current knowledge. The vulnerability of the doctor has been identified in the current medical system at the institutional, individual, and socio-cultural level. The research involves the method of analysis, dialectical and hermeneutics. Results. We recognize that the local medical system is mainly focused on the forms, manifestation, and diminution of the patient’s vulnerability. The doctor is viewed as the professional who manages the patient’s vulnerability by providing care. Among these, the reality suggests another context; the doctor in turn faces complex situations of vulnerability in his activity. The doctor’s vulnerability is interdependent with the patient’s vulnerability and vice versa. There is a link between the vulnerability of doctors and that of patients, whose care becomes more problematic as professionals become more vulnerable. Conclusions. The quality of the medical act is closely related to the vulnerability of the subjects involved in its phases. The contribution of bioethics in the analysis of the vulnerability of the medical worker contributes to the improvement of the medical act and the quality of life of both the doctor and the patient

Tibetan American Women Leaders: Constructing their own cultural paradigms for leadership

Abstract Tibetan women as household leaders are not a new notion; however, in the public form, Tibetan women leaders are a recent concept. This study explores Tibetan American women leaders and how they navigate and experience their held leadership positions. The significance of the findings lies in Tibetan American women leaders\u27 passion for leadership, which in this study was described as serving the Tibetan communities where they live. There is solid evidence that Tibetan cultural gender expectations and stereotypical views about Tibetan women have tremendously impeded and will impede those still climbing to the top. What is apparent is Tibetan American women leaders are creating new social constructs and identities. They construct their identities at the intersection of leadership, American culture, and Tibetan cultural gender roles/expectations. Though this construction is not yet fully formed in a collective way, the experiences and leadership of the participants in this study are working to create this construction through their individual efforts. I interviewed six Tibetan American women from California, Massachusetts, Washington DC, and Minnesota who self-identified as leaders and held formal leadership positions. Organically, many study subjects focused their leadership experience leading within the Tibetan American community through various vantage points. The study identified participants navigating between two dominant cultures, Tibetan and American, and how socially constructed institutions impacted their identity as Tibetan American women leaders

Die Beziehungen von Griechen und Barbaren im nordwestlichen Pontos-Gebiet. Untersuchungen zu Handel- und Warenaustausch vom 7. bis. 3. Jh. v. Chr. auf Grundlage der archäologischen Funde und schriftlichen Quellen im Nordwesten des Schwarzen Meeres.

Die Dissertation „Die Beziehungen von Griechen und Barbaren im nordwestlichen Pontos-Gebiet. Untersuchungen zu Handel- und Warenaustausch vom 7. bis. 3. Jh. v. Chr. auf Grundlage der archäologischen Funde und schriftlichen Quellen im Nordwesten des Schwarzen Meeres“ analysiert die Handels- und Austauschbeziehungen zwischen den Griechen und indigener Bevölkerung im nordwestlichen Gebiet des Schwarzen Meeres. Eingangs werden geographische und demographische Lage zu Beginn der griechischen Kolonisation, die Beziehungen lokaler Völker zu den ägäisch-mittelmeerischen Kulturen vor der griechischen Kolonisierung sowie die Gründung nordwestpontischer Kolonien und ihres Agrarterritoriums behandelt. Den weitaus größten Platz beansprucht die Behandlung der Handelsgüter, die in erster Linie von den griechischen Importen repräsentiert sind. Aufgrund dessen steht die typologische, chronologische und funktionale Analyse der im Untersuchungsgebiet angetroffenen griechischen Importwaren im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung. Diese wurden so vollständig wie möglich in einem speziellen Katalogteil erfasst. Die Analyse der Handelsgüter erfolgt in zwei Etappen: Zu Anfang wird die Verbreitung, zeitliche Einordnung und Zusammensetzung der einen oder anderen Ware diskutiert, dann ihre Handelsbedeutung ausgewertet. Anhand der Menge und der Zusammensetzung der griechischen Waren wird versucht, ob sie als Handelsware oder auf eine andere Weise in barbarisches Gebiet gelangten. Um die geographische Streuung der Importe zu verfolgen, wurde die Kartierung der archäologischen Funde nach den wichtigsten Produktions- und Prägezentren vorgenommen. Im Anhang der Arbeit finden sich 43 Karten und Listen zu den kartierten Funden. Durch unterschiedliche Symbole wurde, wo es möglich war, die Anzahl der an einem bestimmten Fundort gefundenen Exemplare angegeben, um die Verbreitungsschwerpunkte der Importwaren zu verdeutlichen. In einem großen Teil der Arbeit werden Fragen behandelt, die sich auf die Organisation des griechisch-barbarischen Handels beziehen. Die Schwerpunkte konzentrieren sich auf die Untersuchung der See-, Fluss- und Landhandelsrouten und verwendete Transportmittel, auf die Handelsträger und den Reiseverkehr. Ein einzelner Abschnitt fasst den Münzumlauf zusammen, der in einem engen Zusammenhang mit den griechisch-barbarischen Handelsbeziehungen steht. Bei der Analyse kam in erster Linie darauf an, diesen Komponenten in einem bestimmten Raum nachzuspüren und ihre Tragfähigkeit für den gesamten Begriff des antiken Handels zu überprüfen

Bioethics and christian morality: tendencies and correlations

Catedra Filosofie şi BioeticăThe conflict of opinions around contemporary world problems is founded on two poles. One represents the Christian conception about the world, another is the humanist secular conception. The first exposes the existence of One single Creator and certain divine law. The last negate and secularize it self of this conceptions. The study emphasize consequences, it the and it estatablishld place and role of the religious in contemporary society, showing the bioethical correlation with Christian morality, science and religion. Conflictul de opinii axate pe problemele lumii contemporane se fundamentează la doi poli. Unul dintre aceştia este concepţia creştină despre lume, iar celălalt concepţia umanistă seculară. Prima susţine existenţa unui Creator şi a unor legi divine. Ultima neagă şi se secularizează de aceste concepţii. Studiul dat evidenţiază consecinţele acestor provocări, stabileşte locul şi rolul religiosului în societatea contemporană, arătând corelaţia dintre bioetică şi morala creştină, ştiinţă şi religie

The Specific interpretation of bioethics according to theologian John Breck

Catedra Filosofie şi Bioetică, USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”In the theoretical-practical space of bioethics, there appear debates of notional, epistemological and methodological order, the fact that complicates its applicability in scientific practice and creates situations of traectorial pluralism. As a result there appears the necessity to elaborate specific theoretical and methodological guidelines, which will allow the eclipsation of the created context. As a first step in this sense would be the systematization of notional positions of scientists from different fields. For stressing the nodal points there is a need to analyze the notional positions described below. In our case the investigational priority is the theological space and the center of the study is concentrated on the theses of theologian John Breck În spaţiul teoretico-practic al bioeticii survin periodic dezbateri de ordin noţional, epistemologic şi metodologic, fapt ce complică aplicabilitatea sa în practica ştiinţifică şi respectiv creează situaţii de pluralism traectorial. Ca rezultat apare necesitatea de a elabora anumite repere teoretice şi metodologice, ce ar permite eclipsarea contextului creat. Un prim pas în acest sens, ar fi sistematizarea poziţiilor noţionale a savanţilor după diferite domenii, ca analizându-le să se poată remarca punctele nodale, comune la fundamentarea lor. În cazul nostru prioritate investigaţională reprezintă spaţiul teologic, iar centrul studiului este axat asupra tezelor teologului John Breck

EVALUATING ORAL PROFICIENCY SKILL THROUGH ANALYTICS AND HOLISTIC WAYS OF SCORING

Purpose: Evaluating speaking skill is an exceedingly difficult and intricate subject. Two methods of testing oral proficiency are usually used: holistic and analytic scoring. To this end, this study aimed to compare analytic and holistic techniques for scoring in evaluating oral proficiency skills. Methodology: The participants of this study were 70 second-grade university EFL students who were studying English Language Teaching at a university in Iran. The participants in this research were both male (n=40) and female (n=30) with the age range from24 to 25. Main Findings: The results showed a statistically considerable diversity between analytic and holistic methods of evaluation considering that the p-value was estimated at 0.002 (P < 0.05). Applications: The findings confirmed that employing these two scoring techniques in the procedure of evaluation may be considered proper as they seem to complement each other, one augments the other and lead to more inclusive evaluation. Novelty/Originality: This study is new since it is the first time in an Iranian university context; oral proficiency skill was evaluated through holistic and analytic scoring

Recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis in children

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, The 6th International Medical Congress for Students and Young Doctors, May 12-14, 2016Introduction: Assessing the dynamics and structure of recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis common for children from Moldova compared to the results obtained in this research with general ones published in the sources specific to the problem.Metdhods and Materials Historical: how the phenomena evolved in time during 1981-2013 in Republic of Moldova; Chronological series: calculation of all comparable homogeneous values, that characterize the modification of a certain phenomena in a certain period of time; Statistical Methods: quantitative and qualitative analysis of all data that were collected during the research. Discussion Results: 1. Children’s recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis has a incidence from 0.2 to 0.7 for 100,000 children in Republic of Moldova compared to: Norway: 0.10-0.25 for 100,000 children, Sweden: 0.2- 0.7 for 100,000 children, Denmark: 0,362 for 100,000 children, Canada: 1,11 for 100,000 children; 2. Average age to diagnose the disease is 4,4 years and is specific for both genders (masculine: femenin 1,2:1) in Republic of Moldova; 3. Rate of tracheotomy is between 1,8% and 64%, 30 average % is specific for children in Republic of Moldova Conclusions: Our cohort of patients is similar to other cohorts regarding the sex distribution and age of onset. Clinical evolution of this disease is various. Some patients have early spontaneous remission; others, on the other hand, suffer from frequent and inexorable relapses lasting over decades to overlapping chronic complications that scar stenosis of the larynx with the imposition of a cannula tracheostomy or malignant transformation. Laryngeal papillomatosis has a huge impact on the life of children that are affected

Premises of the implementation of NHA in Moldova

Centrul naţional de management în sănătate, Şcoala de Management în Sănătate PublicăThe requirement and premises of implementation of NHA (National Healthcare Accounts) that describe funding sources and define manners in which financial resources may be used by healthcare in our country have been discussed. NHA will allow establishing a basis for the assessment of the consequences derived from our national healthcare system as well as will provide support in allocation of funds assigned for healthcare

The problem of the procreation in the patristic thought: ethical and philosophical analysis

Catedra Filosofie şi Bioetică USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”The problem of the procreation in the patristic thought: ethical and philosophical analysis The divergences within the opinions focused on the moral problems of the contemporary world are founded on two extremes. One of them is the moral and religious conception and another one is the secular moral. The first affirms the existence of God and the some divines lows on which the ethical difficulties must be reported. The second denies and secularizes itself of these conceptions. This study analyzes the patristic position on some bioethical classical dilemmas like the embryo’s status, the abortion, the state new-borns and premature deaths. Divirgenţele de opinii axate pe problemele morale ale lumii contemporane se fundamentează la doi poli. Unul dintre aceştia este concepţia moral-religioasă, iar celălalt morala seculară. Prima susţine existenţa unui Creator şi a unor legi divine la care trebuie raportate dificultăţile etice. Ultima neagă şi se secularizează de aceste concepţii. Studiul dat analizează poziţia patristică faţă de unele dileme clasice ale bioeticii cum ar fi: statutul embrionului, avortul, starea pruncilor nenăscuţi şi morţi prematuri

Vulnerabilitatea lucrătorului medical. Abordare bioetică

Introduction. The vulnerability of the medical professional is an essential bioethical topic in contemporary biomedical activity. Moreover, the manifestation of the doctor’s vulnerability, awareness of the causes, process and effects, as well as self-control skills, contribute to increasing the quality of the medical act. Objective. Identifying bioethical landmarks in conceptualizing the vulnerability of physicians in the context of the contemporary medical system. Material and methods. The integral concept of vulnerability was based on current knowledge. The vulnerability of the doctor has been identified in the current medical system at the institutional, individual, and socio-cultural level. The research involves the method of analysis, dialectical and hermeneutics. Results. We recognize that the local medical system is mainly focused on the forms, manifestation, and diminution of the patient’s vulnerability. The doctor is viewed as the professional who manages the patient’s vulnerability by providing care. Among these, the reality suggests another context; the doctor in turn faces complex situations of vulnerability in his activity. The doctor’s vulnerability is interdependent with the patient’s vulnerability and vice versa. There is a link between the vulnerability of doctors and that of patients, whose care becomes more problematic as professionals become more vulnerable. Conclusions. The quality of the medical act is closely related to the vulnerability of the subjects involved in its phases. The contribution of bioethics in the analysis of the vulnerability of the medical worker contributes to the improvement of the medical act and the quality of life of both the doctor and the patient.Introducere. Vulnerabilitatea lucrătorului medical reprezintă un subiect bioetic esențial în activitatea biomedicală contemporană. Mai mult, manifestarea vulnerabilității medicului, conștientizarea cauzelor, procesul și efectele, precum și abilitățile de control, contribuie la sporirea calității actului medical. Scopul lucrării. Identificarea unor repere bioetice în conceptualizarea vulnerabilității medicilor în contextul sistemului medical contemporan Material și Metode. Conceptul de vulnerabilitate în integritatea sa a fost întemeiat din cunoștințele actuale. Vulnerabilitatea medicului a fost identificată în sistemul medical actual la nivel instituțional, individual și socio-cultural. Cercetarea implică metoda analizei, dialectică și hermeneutică. Rezultate. Recunoaștem că sistemul medical autohton preponderent este axat pe formele, manifestarea și diminuarea vulnerabilității pacientului. Medicul este interpretat drept profesionalistul care gestionează vulnerabilitatea bolnavului acordând îngrijire. Printre acestea, realitatea sugerează și un alt context, medicul la rândul său se confruntă cu situații complexe de vulnerabilitate în activitatea sa. Vulnerabilitatea medicului este interdependentă de vulnerabilitatea pacientului și invers. Există o legătură între vulnerabilitatea medicilor și cea a pacienților, a căror îngrijire devine mai problematică pe măsură ce profesioniștii devin mai vulnerabili. Concluzii. Calitatea actului medical este strâns legat de vulnerabilitatea subiecților implicați în fazele acestuia. Aportul bioeticii în analiza vulnerabilității lucrătorului medical contribuie la îmbunătățirea actului medical și a calității vieții atât a medicului, cât și a pacientului.Studiu realizat cu suportul proiectului 20.80009.8007.37 Bolile cronice hepatice și pancreatice: aspecte nutriționale și chirurgicale din cadrul Programului de Stat (2020-2023), conducător de proiect: LUPAȘCO Iulianna, dr. hab. șt. med., cercet. șt., autoritatea contractantă: Agenția Națională pentru Cercetare și Dezvoltar