The effects of the initial arterial tone on the pressure responses to phenylephrine

The effect of the elevated arterial tone on pressure responses to stimulation of arterial α - adrenoreceptors by phenylephrine hydrochloride was studied in anesthetized Wistar rats. Different levels of the arterial tone and, hence of the mean arterial pressure, were established by means of angiotensin II infusion in the range from 101 to 160 mmHg. An elevation of the arterial tone led to a significant reduction of the arterial pressure and peripheral resistance rise produced by phenylephrine. The degree of relative reduction of the increase in the diastolic pressure exceeded 1.3 times that in the systolic pressure. The shifts of cardiac outputs remained unchanged. After cessation of angiotensin II infusion the restoration of the arterial pressure took place almost till the initial level. At this time the pressure effects of phenylephrine were tended to recovery. It is suggested that the elevated arterial tone attenuates the systemic pressure response to stimulation of arterial α -adrenoreceptors by a vascular mechanism based on a transmural pressure changes evoked by the constriction of the arterial vessels

Disentangling neuronal inhibition and inhibitory pathways in the lateral habenula

The lateral habenula (LHb) is hyperactive in depression, and thus potentiating inhibition of this structure makes an interesting target for future antidepressant therapies. However, the circuit mechanisms mediating inhibitory signalling within the LHb are not well-known. We addressed this issue by studying LHb neurons expressing either parvalbumin (PV) or somatostatin (SOM), two markers of particular sub-classes of neocortical inhibitory neurons. Here, we find that both PV and SOM are expressed by physiologically distinct sub-classes. Furthermore, we describe multiple sources of inhibitory input to the LHb arising from both local PV-positive neurons, from PV-positive neurons in the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus, and from SOM-positive neurons in the ventral pallidum. These findings hence provide new insight into inhibitory control within the LHb, and highlight that this structure is more neuronally diverse than previously thought

Influence of blast furnace slag type on physical and mechanical properties of Portland cement

Physical properties, grain, chemical and mineral compositions of blast-furnace slags selected from the dumps of JSC 'EVRAZ Nizhny Tagil metallurgical plant' and PJSC 'Nadezhdinski Metallurgical Plant' were studied. Also, the same parameters of granulated blast-furnace slag of JSC 'Mechel-Materialy' currently used by cement plants in the Ural region as a mineral additive during Portland cement grinding were investigated. By chemical composition all of them are acidic. In contrast to granulated slag which mainly contains the vitreous phase dump slags are well crystallized and mainly contain the minerals okermanite, mervinite and monticellite. Dump slags have a Student's t-criterion of more than 15.0, i.e. they can be used as a mineral additive during Portland cement grinding. The introduction of 20 % of the studied slags reduces the water demand of Portland cement of joint grinding and accelerates the setting of the cement paste, reduces the bending and compression strength compared to the additive-free cement. Slag-containing cements after 7 and 28 days of hardening have similar values of compressive strength: 27.2-29.2 and 41.1-43.0 MPa respectively, they are normally hardening and have a strength class of 42.5. Chemical, physical and mechanical properties of these cements meet the requirements of Russian Standard 31108-2016. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL HEALTH OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

The article discusses the psychological and emotional health of preschool children in the context of age-related features. Based on the analysis of a number of articles and specific studies, the author formulated the main directions of child support in preschool education as the main components of this important factor in his life. The author conducted a fairly in-depth analysis of articles examining all the difficulties and features of this issue in the modern pedagogical space.В статье рассмотрены особенности психологического и эмоционального здоровья детей дошкольного возраста в контексте их возрастных особенностей. На основе анализа ряда статей и исследований автором сформулированы основные направления поддержки ребенка в ДОУ как основные составляющие этого важного фактора его жизни. Автором проведен достаточно углубленный анализ статей, рассматривающих все сложности и особенности этого вопроса в современном педагогическом пространстве

Synthesis, structures and coordination chemistry of singly bridged phosphane-boranes with coordinately unsaturated platinum group metals

A range of singly bridged phosphane-boranes (PBs) have been investigated as potential ligands for basic transition metals. The PBs Ph2PC(Ph)=C(R)BR2 (R = Bu 1, Ph 2, Et 3), based on a rigid cis-ethylene bridges, have been prepared, improving upon limited literature precedent. All three compounds have been comprehensively characterised for the first time, including by X-ray diffraction studies. Significant intramolecular P→B association is apparent in each case, which serves to preclude their engagement as ligands. In contrast, the more flexible PBs R2P(CH2)2BBN (R = Fu 5, Ph 6) readily coordinate to the platinum group metals Pt, Pd and Rh. These complexes have been fully characterised, including an X-ray diffraction study of [Rh(CO){Fu2P(CH2)2-BBN}2Cl] (13)

Results of clinical observation of patients with severe duodenal ulcer and chronic H. pylori-associated gastritis in the post-eradication period

Objective: to analyze clinical observation of patients with severe ulcer disease and chronic H.pylori-associated gastritis in the post-eradication period. For this purpose, anti-ulcer therapy, including eradication (of H.pylori infection) therapy, was carried out in 105 patients who underwent a full scope of diagnostic tests for infection before and after treatment, at the second stage of the study (after 3 years) from the group of patients for whom eradication was effective 9 patients with persistent inflammation of the gastric mucosa 2 stage were selected. These patients underwent annual courses of therapy with proton pump inhibitors and bismuth tripotassium dicitrate for three years. During the control examination, two types of progression of post-eradication gastritis were revealed: a decrease in severity, or a persistence of chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa.Цель работы: проанализировать опыт клинического наблюдения пациентов с тяжелым течением язвенной болезни и хроническим Н. pylori-ассоциированным гастритом в постэрадикационном периоде. Для этого последовательно проводилась противоязвенная, т. ч. эрадикационная (инфекции Н. pylori) терапия 105 пациентам, которым выполнялся полный объем обследования по поводу диагностики инфекции до и после проведения лечения, на втором этапе исследования (через 3 года) из группы пациентов с эффективной эрадикацией были выбраны 9 пациентов с сохраняющимся воспалением слизистой оболочки желудка 2 ст. Данным больным в течение трех лет проводились ежегодные курсы терапии ингибиторами протонной помпы и висмута трикалия дицитратом. При контрольном обследовании выявлены два варианта течения постэрадикационного гастрита: уменьшение выраженности, либо персистенция хронического воспаления в слизистой оболочке желудка

Treatment of a patient with two consecutive episodes of arterial embolism (clinical observation)

A clinical case of a patient with ischemic stroke is presented. The peculiarity of this case is two episodes of arterial embolism in the patient, a special feature of the patient's assistance and routing, surgical treatment: embolectomy, thromboextraction. The problem of the choice of adequate therapy for secondary prevention of stroke is considered.Представлен клинический случай пациента с ишемическим инсультом. Особенностью данного случая является два эпизода артериальной эмболии, этапность оказания помощи и маршрутизация, оперативное лечение: эмболэктомия, тромбэкстракция. Рассмотрена проблема выбора адекватной терапии вторичной профилактики инсульта

Painful hemiplegic shoulder in stroke patients: prevalence factors (literature review)

The article presents an overview of current concepts according to Russian and foreign authors about the prevalence of pain syndrome after stroke. This article lists the main causes and mechanisms of pain in a shoulder joint after stroke. A review examines the particulars of pain syndrome of various etiologies.В статье представлен обзор современных представлений по данным российских и зарубежных авторов о распространенности болевого синдрома после инсульта. Перечислены основные причины и механизмы формирования боли в плечевом суставе после инсульта. Рассмотрены особенности клинической картины при болевом синдроме различной этиологии