Material Futures:Design-led Approaches to Crafting Conversations in the Circular Economy

This paper explores the work in the area of Material Futures – undertaken by researchers at The Glasgow School of Art (GSA). We begin by presenting current debates within the textile sector and outline the challenges of the circular economy. The Scottish Government have established a £17 million fund to catalyse innovative approaches for the circular economy, which support closed-loop systems including collaboration, evaluation of different methods and future material ecologies. We discuss future material ecologies in two case studies in order to extrapolate the ways in which creative and participatory design approaches can be used to stimulate dialogue around the circular economy, broader environmental and economic issues and the socio-cultural implications. We identify six design principles for researchers and practitioners to consider when facilitating circular conversations and the evolving role of the textile designer. We go on to highlight the significance of design-led approaches in strengthening communication, promoting creative action and embedding collaborative ways of working. We conclude by making recommendations for future research and practice and how the insights might be expanded upon to support ethical, responsible and sustainable material futures

The Iowa Homemaker vol.5, no.10

Table of Contents Right Family Relationships by Mrs. Minnie Allen, page 1 Refinishing Your Personality by Thirza Hull, page 2 Changing a House Into a Home by R. M. Ballie, page 2 Ethics of the Crew by Ruth M. Lindquist, page 3 Housecleaning by Edith Ruggles, page 4 Girls’ 4-H Page, page 5 With the Iowa State Home Economics Association, page 6 Editorial, page 7 Who’s There and Where, page 8 Impressions of a Marketing Trip, page 9 The Eternal Question, page 10 Pottery – It’s Use in the Home, page 1

Tapping Spin Glasses

We consider a tapping dynamics, analogous to that in experiments on granular media, on spin glasses and ferromagnets on random thin graphs. Between taps, zero temperature single spin flip dynamics takes the system to a metastable state. Tapping, corresponds to flipping simultaneously any spin with probability $p$. This dynamics leads to a stationary regime with a steady state energy $E(p)$. We analytically solve this dynamics for the one dimensional ferromagnet and $\pm J$ spin glass. Numerical simulations for spin glasses and ferromagnets of higher connectivity are carried out, in particular we find a novel first order transition for the ferromagnetic systems.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, RevTe

Scaling of the distribution of fluctuations of financial market indices

We study the distribution of fluctuations over a time scale $\Delta t$ (i.e., the returns) of the S&P 500 index by analyzing three distinct databases. Database (i) contains approximately 1 million records sampled at 1 min intervals for the 13-year period 1984-1996, database (ii) contains 8686 daily records for the 35-year period 1962-1996, and database (iii) contains 852 monthly records for the 71-year period 1926-1996. We compute the probability distributions of returns over a time scale $\Delta t$, where $\Delta t$ varies approximately over a factor of 10^4 - from 1 min up to more than 1 month. We find that the distributions for $\Delta t \leq$ 4 days (1560 mins) are consistent with a power-law asymptotic behavior, characterized by an exponent $\alpha \approx 3$, well outside the stable L\'evy regime $0 < \alpha < 2$. To test the robustness of the S&P result, we perform a parallel analysis on two other financial market indices. Database (iv) contains 3560 daily records of the NIKKEI index for the 14-year period 1984-97, and database (v) contains 4649 daily records of the Hang-Seng index for the 18-year period 1980-97. We find estimates of $\alpha$ consistent with those describing the distribution of S&P 500 daily-returns. One possible reason for the scaling of these distributions is the long persistence of the autocorrelation function of the volatility. For time scales longer than $(\Delta t)_{\times} \approx 4$ days, our results are consistent with slow convergence to Gaussian behavior.Comment: 12 pages in multicol LaTeX format with 27 postscript figures (Submitted to PRE May 20, 1999). See http://polymer.bu.edu/~amaral/Professional.html for more of our work on this are

2,7-di-p-chlorobenzoylnaphtho[2 ' 3 '-4 : 5]thiepin: a conformationally flexible new host molecule showing solvatochromic effects

The title host molecule exhibits remarkable conformational flexibility in its crystalline inclusion compounds. The alteration in molecular conformation, between the red dioxane and yellow benzene clathrates, corresponds to a dramatic change in the boat conformation of the seven-membered thiepin ring and reorientation of the side chains

The Iowa Homemaker vol.5, no.10

Table of Contents Right Family Relationships by Mrs. Minnie Allen, page 1 Refinishing Your Personality by Thirza Hull, page 2 Changing a House Into a Home by R. M. Ballie, page 2 Ethics of the Crew by Ruth M. Lindquist, page 3 Housecleaning by Edith Ruggles, page 4 Girls’ 4-H Page, page 5 With the Iowa State Home Economics Association, page 6 Editorial, page 7 Who’s There and Where, page 8 Impressions of a Marketing Trip, page 9 The Eternal Question, page 10 Pottery – It’s Use in the Home, page 13</p

Exposure to anthrax toxin alters human leucocyte expression of anthrax toxin receptor 1

Anthrax is a toxin-mediated disease; the lethal effects of which are initiated by the binding of Protective antigen (PA) with one of three reported cell surface toxin receptors (ANTXR). Receptor binding has been shown to influence host susceptibility to the toxins. Despite this crucial role for ANTXR in the outcome of disease, and the reported immunomodulatory consequence of the anthrax toxins during infection, little is known about ANTXR expression on human leukocytes. We characterised the expression levels of ANTXR1 (TEM8) on human leukocytes using flow cytometry. In order to assess the effect of prior toxin exposure on ANTXR1 expression levels, leukocytes from individuals with no known exposure, those exposed to toxin through vaccination and convalescent individuals were analysed. Donors could be defined as either ‘low’ or ‘high’ expressers based on the percentage of ANTXR1 positive monocytes detected. Prior exposure to toxins appears to modulate ANTXR1 expression, exposure through active infection being associated with lower receptor expression. A significant correlation between low receptor expression and high anthrax toxin-specific IFNγ responses was observed in previously infected individuals. We propose that there is an attenuation of ANTXR1 expression post-infection which may be a protective mechanism that has evolved to prevent re-infection

'Black Hack Chat’. Workshop précis

This workshop was part of the design research by TED for MISTRA Future Fashion, a Swedish consortium concerned with creating sustainable, systemic and profitable change for the fashion industry. When organisations put design at the heart of product and service development, they are triggered to ask the fundamental question about what they make, how they make it, and who for (Thackara, 2008). The approaches included within TED's TEN (Earley & Politowicz, 2010) promote design thinking and demonstrate how textile designers can play a more strategic role to instigate social and environmental change. The workshop combines 3 of the 10 by applying design to replace the need to consume in order to ‘upcycle’ discarded garments (Earley, 2009). Design activism influenced the agency within this workshop and combined insights from two existing projects 'Black Hack' (Earley, 2012) and 'Old is the New Black' (von Busch & Ballie, 2011). The 'Black Hack Chat' (BHC) explored a new role for the professional textile designer (the authors), which enabled them to exchange their skills and experience through facilitation of this design intervention. The aim was to push the boundaries of textile design practice through co- design to identify how it can be used as a tool for citizen engagement

PDE2A2 regulates mitochondria morphology and apoptotic cell death via local modulation of cAMP/PKA signalling

cAMP/PKA signalling is compartmentalised with tight spatial and temporal control of signal propagation underpinning specificity of response. The cAMP-degrading enzymes, phosphodiesterases (PDEs), localise to specific subcellular domains within which they control local cAMP levels and are key regulators of signal compartmentalisation. Several components of the cAMP/PKA cascade are located to different mitochondrial sub-compartments, suggesting the presence of multiple cAMP/PKA signalling domains within the organelle. The function and regulation of these domains remain largely unknown. Here, we describe a novel cAMP/PKA signalling domain localised at mitochondrial membranes and regulated by PDE2A2. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches combined with real-time FRET imaging and high resolution microscopy we demonstrate that in rat cardiac myocytes and other cell types mitochondrial PDE2A2 regulates local cAMP levels and PKA-dependent phosphorylation of Drp1. We further demonstrate that inhibition of PDE2A, by enhancing the hormone-dependent cAMP response locally, affects mitochondria dynamics and protects from apoptotic cell death