Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadra pole- Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry for the Charecterisation of Phenolics from Acacia Catechu (L.f.) Willd.

A rapid method was developed for the identification of phenolics from Acacia Catechu .The analysis ofphenolic compounds was carried out by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RPHPLC)coupled to electrospray ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF-MS). Theaccurate mass data for the molecular ions were processed using the software Mass Hunter workstation (Agilent Technologies), which provided a list of possible elemental formulas by using theMolecular featured extraction editor. The subsequent structure characterization was carried out by atandem mass spectrometric method. Fragmentation behavior of phenolic compounds was investigatedusing ion trap mass spectrometry in negative mode. The total fragmentation of the compound ionleading to other fragments was corroborated by MS–MS. Five phenolic compounds have beenidentified from the methanolic extract of Acacia Catechu

Chemical composition of essential oil from the leaves of Premna coriacea Clarke

In this study, the chemical composition of the essential oil of Premna coriacea leaves was investigated. Extraction by hydrodistillation followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) yielded 27 compounds representing 99.89% of the oil. The major volatile components of the oil were aromadendrene (23.51), caryophyllene (19.27), tetracontane (11.90), 17-pentatriacontene (6.61), 3',8,8'-trimethoxy-3-piperidyl-2,2'- binaphthalene-1,1',4,4'-tetrone (4.68), cis-α-bisabolene (4.65), octadecane, 3-ethyl-5-(2-ethylbutyl)- (4.21), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (3.17) and tetratetracontane (2.38).Keywords: Premna coriacea, essential oil, aromadendrene, caryophylleneAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(20), pp. 2914-291

Fabrication and investigation of agricultural monitoring system with IoT & AI

Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used in a variety of fields and has the potential to alter how we currently view farming. Due to its emphasis on effectiveness and usability artificial intelligence has the largest impact on agriculture of all industries. We highlight the automation-supporting technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning, and Long-Range (LoRa) technology which provides data integrity and protection. We also offer a structure for smart farming that depends on the location of data processing after a comprehensive investigation of numerous designs. As part of our future study we have divided the unresolved difficulties in smart agriculture into two categories such as networking issues and technology issues. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are examples of technologies whereas the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite and LoRa are used for all network-related jobs. The goal of the research is to deploy a network of sensors throughout agricultural fields to gather real-time information on a variety of environmental factors including temperature, humidity, soil moisture and nutrient levels. The seamless data transmission and communication made possible by these sensors’ integration with Internet of Things technologies. With the use of AI techniques and algorithms the gathered data is examined. The technology may offer practical insights and suggestions for improving agricultural practices because the AI models are trained to spot patterns, correlations, and anomalies in the data. We are also focusing on indoor farming by supplying Ultra Violet radiation and artificial lighting in accordance with plant growth. When a pest assault is detected using AI and LoRa even in poor or no network coverage area and notifies the farmer’s mobile in any part of the world. The irrigation system is put to the test with various plants at various humidity and temperature levels in both dry and typical situations. To keep the water content in those specific regions soil moisture sensors are used

Total phenolics and total flavonoids in selected Indian medicinal plants

Plant phenolics and flavonoids have a powerful biological activity, which outlines the necessity of their determination. The phenolics and flavonoids content of 20 medicinal plants were determined in the present investigation. The phenolic content was determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The total flavonoids were measured spectrophotometrically by using the aluminium chloride colorimetric assay. The results showed that the family Mimosaceae is the richest source of phenolics, (Acacia nilotica: 80.63 mg gallic acid equivalents, Acacia catechu 78.12 mg gallic acid equivalents, Albizia lebbeck 66.23 mg gallic acid equivalents). The highest total flavonoid content was revealed in Senna tora which belongs to the family Caesalpiniaceae. The present study also shows the ratio of flavonoids to the phenolics in each sample for their specificity

LC/MS characterization of antioxidant flavonoids from Tragia involucrata L.

Chromatographic and spectroscopic methods were developed for the identification of flavonoids with potent radical scavenging activity from Tragia involucrata, an important medicinal plant. The separation consisted of column chromatography and high pressure preparative liquid chromatography. In vitro radical scavenging activity of different fractions was screened by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The ESI MS/MS analysis was employed for the characterization of active fractions. Flavonoids such as iridin, dihexosyl quercetin, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, rhamnosyl hexosyl methyl quercetin, gentenstein 7-glucoside, orientin, C-(O-caffeoyl-hexosyl)-O-hexoside and tricin 7-O-hexosyl-O-hexoside were identified, for the first time, from T. involucrata

Chemical Profiling of an Indian Herbal Formula Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electro Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

<div><p> <i>Amruthotharam kashayam</i> is an important <i>Ayurvedic</i> formulation prepared using specified plant parts of <i>Tinospora cordifolia, Terminalia chebula</i>, and <i>Zingiber officinale.</i> The current study developed a rapid liquid chromatographic method coupled with electro spray ionization mass spectrometry for the identification of major phytoconstituents present in the formulation. Reverse phase high-pressure liquid chromatogram was developed as chemical fingerprint. The mass spectrum along with the MS/MS fragmentation on collision-induced dissociation led to the structural identification of separated compounds. Phenolic acids such as quinic acid, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, and chebulic acid were identified in the formulation along with some flavonoids.</p> </div

Identification of phenolic antioxidants in Ipomoea mauritiana jacq. using spectrophotometric and mass spectroscopic studies

Objective: Ipomoea mauritiana is used in both Ayurveda and folk medicine systems. The tuberous roots are known to be diuretic, depurative, carminative, and anthelmintic. The objective of the current study was to identify phenolic antioxidants from I. mauritiana using spectrophotometric and LC-MS analysis. Materials and Methods: An activity-guided fractionation and purification process was used to identify the antioxidative components from I. mauritiana tuber. Dried mature tubers of I. mauritiana were extracted with 80% methanol and then partitioned by chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol. The acetone fraction showed the strongest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity among four fractions and was subjected to separation and purification using preparative reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: Two compounds were separated from the acetone fraction using preparative LC fraction collector. The purified compounds were screened for their antioxidative potential using DPPH assay. The compounds were subjected to LC-MS analysis in ESI negative mode. One of the compounds was identified as Caffeoyl glucose based on the mass fragmentation. Conclusion: The acetone fraction showed highest radical scavenging activity and the phytoconstituents of the same were identified by LC-MS/MS analysis

Ethnomedicinal information from Kattunayakas tribes of Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu

574-578The paper enumerates the traditional uses of some plants used by the Kattunayaka tribes of Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary of Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu. Information on the medicinal uses of 37 plants gathered from the tribals along with their botanical identity is highlighted

Ethnomedicine of Malapandaram tribes of Achenkovil forest of Kollam district, Kerala

569-573The paper enumerates the traditional uses of 27 plants used by Malapandaram tribes of Achenkovil forest of Kollam district, Kerala Information on the medicinal uses gathered from the tribals together with their botanical identity is presented