Permutable entire functions and multiply connected wandering domains

Let f and g be permutable transcendental entire functions. We use a recent analysis of the dynamical behaviour in multiply connected wandering domains to make progress on the long standing conjecture that the Julia sets of f and g are equal; in particular, we show that J(f)=J(g) provided that neither f nor g has a simply connected wandering domain in the fast escaping set

Health-related content in Australian television advertising

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the proportions of health-related content in non-program time on Australian television, and how this relates to channel, product category, program genre and whether it is an advertisement or public service announcement (PSA). Design/methodology/approach – Australian prime time television was recorded across three commercial television stations in Sydney. Non-program content (NPC) was coded according to the channel, program genre, length of content and product advertised. In total, 44 hours of programming was recorded. Findings – Not surprisingly, significant differences were found in the percentage of health-related content between advertisements (22 percent) and PSAs (67 percent). Again unsurprisingly there was also a significant relationship between the product category and health-related content (χ 2=366.601, p=0.000), but also between health-related content and program genre (χ 2=20.594, p=0.024), particularly situation comedies (31 percent) and sport (15 percent). No difference was found in the percentage of health-related content between the channels. Research limitations/implications – Differences existing in the amount of NPC across program genre suggest that viewers of programs with high rates of health-related content in advertising may have higher exposure to product dependant health information. Originality/value – Health information is examined in a general sample without focus on particular demographics or health topics and the role of program genre is investigated

Organic Matter is a Mixture of Terrestrial, Autochthonous, and Wastewater Effluent in an Urban River

Terrestrially derived organic matter (OM) is known to dominate the OM pool in reference watersheds. Urban watersheds are known to receive large OM loads compared to reference watersheds, but the proportion of terrestrial, autochthonous, and anthropogenic (e.g., wastewater effluent) sources of OM in urban watersheds remains unknown. Organic matter was identified as a pollutant of concern in the Jordan River, an urban river in the Salt Lake Basin, U.S.A. Our objective was to identify autochthonous, terrestrial, and anthropogenic sources of three size-classes of OM to the Jordan River to inform OM reduction strategies within the watershed. Samples of coarse particulate OM (CPOM), fine particulate OM (FPOM), and dissolved OM (DOM) were analyzed for stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Stable isotope values of OM were used for Bayesian and graphical gradient-based mixing models to identify autochthonous, terrestrial, and anthropogenic sources. Fluorescent properties of DOM were also used to characterize the sources and composition of DOM. CPOM was primarily terrestrially derived with increased autochthonous inputs from macrophytes in warm months. FPOM was a mixture of terrestrial, autochthonous, and wastewater effluent throughout the year. DOM was primarily from wastewater effluent as well as DOM with isotope signatures unique to DOM from Utah Lake. Characterization of OM in urban rivers will help inform conceptual models of OM dynamics and load management in urban ecosystems

Curvature tensors of higher-spin gauge theories derived from general Lagrangian densities

Curvature tensors of higher-spin gauge theories have been known for some time. In the past, they were postulated using a generalization of the symmetry properties of the Riemann tensor (curl on each index of a totally symmetric rank-$n$ field for each spin-$n$). For this reason they are sometimes referred to as the generalized 'Riemann' tensors. In this article, a method for deriving these curvature tensors from first principles is presented; the derivation is completed without any a priori knowledge of the existence of the Riemann tensors or the curvature tensors of higher-spin gauge theories. To perform this derivation, a recently developed procedure for deriving exactly gauge invariant Lagrangian densities from quadratic combinations of $N$ order of derivatives and $M$ rank of tensor potential is applied to the $N = M = n$ case under the spin-$n$ gauge transformations. This procedure uniquely yields the Lagrangian for classical electrodynamics in the $N = M = 1$ case and the Lagrangian for higher derivative gravity (`Riemann' and `Ricci' squared terms) in the $N = M = 2$ case. It is proven here by direct calculation for the $N = M = 3$ case that the unique solution to this procedure is the spin-3 curvature tensor and its contractions. The spin-4 curvature tensor is also uniquely derived for the $N = M = 4$ case. In other words, it is proven here that, for the most general linear combination of scalars built from $N$ derivatives and $M$ rank of tensor potential, up to $N=M=4$, there exists a unique solution to the resulting system of linear equations as the contracted spin-$n$ curvature tensors. Conjectures regarding the solutions to the higher spin-$n$ $N = M = n$ are discussed.Comment: 12 page

Defamation of Religions: International Developments and Challenges on the Ground

This paper aims to provide a general overview of the current debate on religious defamation laws internationally, and to research and analyze the use and impact of the ‘defamation of religion’ concept and blasphemy laws on freedom of expression in three OIC member states. Part I of the paper will explore the evolution of the concept within the UN in three sections: Section One looks at the positions held by the OIC since the introduction of the initial resolution on defamation of religion at the UN; Section Two explores the counter positions held by NGOs and states in disagreement; and Section Three examines the treatment of this concept in other UN reports, namely from its committees and independent experts, as a measure of the current international consensus. Part II of this project is a study of three selected OIC member states: Algeria, Syria and Pakistan. In this section we present the national laws on religious defamation and blasphemy in each country, including amendments and contemporary moves towards reform. We then follow with a series of recent cases that have employed these laws in each of the three countries, and analyse the use of each in relation to the impact it had on freedom of expression, and other rights and freedoms enshrined in human rights law. By doing so we aim to identify whether the de facto prohibition of defamation relating to religion falls within the spirit of, or conversely is repugnant to each state’s obligations under international human rights law

Julia Ursin Niemcewicz and Sarah Sabina Baker to John Kean, February 15, 1831

Julia Ursin Niemcewicz Kean and Sarah Sabina Baker wrote from Wheat Sheaf to John Kean, their brother, and son, addressed to Highland School, Cold Spring, Putnam County, NY. Julia\u27s portion of the letter is in French. Sarah updated John about family and friends including the death of Dr. Watts and that William Palmer seemed to be recovering and writes rationally to his mother. People Included: Julia Palmer, Anthony Rutgers, Dr. Watts, Looe Baker, Susan Ursin Niemcewicz, Christine Alexander William Kean, Eliza Baker, Mr. Lawrence, Cousin Peggy, Dr. and Mrs. Davis, William Palmer Places Included: St. Ives, Ursino, Edgerstonhttps://digitalcommons.kean.edu/lhc_1830s/1067/thumbnail.jp