اتجاهات رسائل الدراسات العليا في الجامعة اإلسالمية العالمية بماليزيا قسم الفقه وأصوله السنوات 1998 -2010 =Postgraduate thesis trends at the International Islamic University of Malaysia: Department of Jurisprudence and its origins, the years 1998-2010 =Kecenderungan Aliran Tesis Sarjana di Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia: Jabatan Fiqh dan Usul al-Fiqh, Tahun 1998-2010

This study documents a large number of Masters theses written by students of the International Islamic University Malaysia over 19 years from 1998 to 2016. A total of 282 Masters theses were written in the Arabic language during the aforementioned period. The main themes covered in the theses were identified by the researchers. The jurisprudence of transactions and Islamic finance were the two most prominent themesnwith 87 theses written (30% of all theses written in the 19 year period). Family jurisprudence came in second place with 63 theses (22% of all theses) followed in third place by Usuli studies and juristic maxims which were the main themes for 44 theses (15%). The fourth major theme was found to be crime and hudud with 23 theses written. The four aforementioned themes accounted for 75% of all Arabic Masters theses written between 1998 and 2016. Due to time and other constraints, the researchers were unable to carry out a comprehensive review of all theses written instead, the researchers focused on a total of 81 Masters theses written on the Jurisprudence of Transactions (40 theses) and Islamic finance (41 theses) written between 1998 and 2010. The aforementioned theses represented 49% of all theses written in the 12 year period. Emphasizing the importance of University theses during the process of writing literature reviews is an established norm that is attributed to the fact that such theses represent the latest developments in research. This study is expected to help future researchers locate relevant literature in the form of Masters theses and consequently carryout effective literature reviews. This inductive study does not represent a comprehensive review of all theses written between 1998 and 2010. However the researchers managed to document all theses written in the two aforementioned themes during the 12 year period

مفهوم التُّراث والتَّجديد عند الشُّعراء الرُّوَّاد: شعراء العراق أنموذجًا = The concept of heritage and renewal according to the poets pioneers: Iraqi poets as a paradigm = Konsep turath dan tajdid menurut penyair-penyair perintis: kajian ke atas penyair-penyair Iraq

تنبع التجربة الشعرية العربية الحديثة من داخل تراث الأدب العربي، وتفرضها اللغة وثقافتها مرتبطة بثقافة الشاعر والبيئة التي يعيشها، فالشعر إبداع وخلقٌ لا مجرد إعادة الموروث الشعري أو مجاراته، والشاعر الحق الذي يتبنَّى أجمل ما فيه ويتجاوز ما هو فاسد, ولا يمكن أخذُ التراث جملة، بل يجب استخلاص ما يمكن أن يعود بالفائدة على الشعر، أما فيما يتعلق بمسألة الاستفادة من الينابيع الثقافية الخارجية، فمن الضروري أن يكون تلاقحٌ وامتزاجٌ بين الثقافات العربية والأجنبية؛ لتسهم في بلورة المثال الجديد، والخروج من أُطُر الثقافة التقليدية؛ بشرط ألا تخرج عن القيم الإسلامية والإنسانية التي يعيشها الشاعر ومجتمعه, فهذا البحث يحاول: أولاً الكشف عن علاقة التجربة الشعرية الجديدة بالتراث الشعري القديم, وثانيًا معرفة مدى التقارب بين الشعر الجديد والشعر القديم من حيث المضمون الموضوعي والبناء الفني, وثالثًا معرفة قدرة الشعراء الرّواد في الدفاع عن مثالهم الشعري، ومحاولة تحديد مفهومي التراث والتجديد, وقد سلك هذا البحث طريقة الاستقراء وتحليل النصوص النقدية للشعراء الرواد التي بثُّوها في مقدمات دواوينهم الشعرية والصحف والمجلات، موضحين موقفهم من التراث والتجديد؛ ليخلص البحث إلى أن الشعراء الرُّوَّاد اجتهدوا في تطوير المثال الشعري الجديد من خلال عمق رؤيتهم للتجربة الشعرية؛ إذ أفادوا من التراث العربي القديم والحداثة الشعرية الغربية في تطوير هذا المثال من خلال الثقافة التي اكتسبوها والموهبة الشعرية التي يتمتعون بها، والشعراء الرُّوَّاد - وإن لم يتفقوا في تحديد مفهوم التجديد والتراث - اتفق أغلبهم على رَبْطِ التجديد بالتراث الذي هو في نهاية الأمر امتداد له، فلا حاضر من دون ماض، ولا مستقبل من دون حاضر؛ إن الحركة الشعرية الجديدة عند الشعراء الرُّوَّاد ولادة جديدة؛ نَسْلُهَا الشعر القديم, ورَحِمُهَا الواقع الجديد. The poetic experience of modern Arab originates from the heritage of Arabic literature, imposed by language and culture associated with the culture of the poet and the environment in which they live. Poetry is an innovation and creativity, and not just a mere re-poetic heritage, or by coming up with a particular classical style, the poet has the right to adopt the most beautiful style in composing his\her poem and disregard what he\she seems to be irrelevant, it is unacceptable for a poet to adopt a heritage as a whole, rather he must draw what could be beneficial to the poem, but on the question of what will benefit foreign cultural springs, it is necessary to be a cross-pollination and mixture between Arab and foreign cultures to contribute to the elaboration of the new paradigm, and striving out from the frame of traditional culture, provided that they do not depart from Islamic values and humanity in which the poet lived in and their environment. This research tries to first: investigates the relationship of the new poetic experience and the old poetic heritage. Second: Knowledge about the extent of relationship between the old and new poem, in terms of substantive techniques and construction contents. Third: the ability to know pioneer poets in the defense of their poetic samples, and try to define the concepts of heritage and renewal. This research adopts induction and analytical method of critical texts of pioneer poets, which were transmitted in the introductions of their poetry bureau, newspapers and magazines, explaining their position on the heritage and renewal. The study concludes that pioneer poets, worked hard in the development of new poetic samples, with the aid of their profound vision that had experienced by them, as reported from the old Arab heritage and modernity of Western poetry in the development of this example through the culture they had acquired and talent that they had enjoyed. As for the pioneer poets, even though they have not agree in defining the concept of innovation and heritage, they have unanimously agreed on linking renewal with heritage, which is eventually at the end of its extension , there is no present without a past, no future without a present. The new poetry movement according to the pioneer poets is a new birth, offspring of the old poem, and graces them with the new reality. Two researchers were chosen: as an example of model or paradigm, both are non-Arabic words, taken as an example