The Highly Cited Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Articles of Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems: A Scientometric Study Based on Web of Science

Introduction: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been placed at the summit of the evidence pyramid in the evidence-based medicine paradigm. Scientometric investigation can provide useful insight into the field's scholarly communications. Therefore, this study is an attempt to scientometric study of the highly cited systematic reviews and meta-analysis articles of cardiac and cardiovascular systems category based on Web of Science. Methods: The study focused on those highly cited articles that were retrieved from Web of Science between July 20th and July 27th, 2019. After multiple phases of screening the retrieved articles, 150 articles formed the current research population. A number of articles in systematic review and meta-analysis, the publication trend, the status of authors' countries, authors’ affiliation, and the publication sources of the articles were examined. Results: Meta-analysis articles account for 52% of the research population. The largest share of the highly cited papers were for 2018. The results showed 61.3% of the studies conducted by international cooperation. The largest number of the studies have been conducted by researchers of USA, England, Netherland and Canada. The largest number of the articles published in American College of Cardiology, and European Heart Journal. The majority of the highly cited articles (79.33%) published in Q1 journals. Conclusion: The publication of the highly cited articles has benefited greatly from international collaboration. Researchers from of the United States, the Netherlands, England and Canada significantly contributed to the articles' production. The highly cited papers have been published in the most prestigious journals

Incidence rate of thyroid cancer in Iranian population, trend analysis from 2003 to 2009

Background and aims: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignant and papillary cancer and three times more prevalent in women than men. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence rate and trend of thyroid cancer in Iranian population. Methods: National incidence was rated by Iran National Cancer Registry data derived from Iran’s annual national cancer registration reported from 2003 to 2009. The crude rate and age standardized rate were used to express the incidence of thyroid cancer. Results: The results indicated that, the incidence of thyroid cancer increased from 2003 to 2009. The age standardized rate for women and men increased from 2.02 and 0.82 to 4.2 and 1.36 per 100,000, respectively. Conclusion: This study indicated remarkable increasing trends in thyroid cancer incidence. So, attention to high risk groups and public programs is necessary to reduce the incidence of this cancer in future

A Comparison Between the Skills-Based Education with a Lecture-Based Education on Female Adolescents’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Health in Puberty: A Randomized Trail Study

Abstract Introduction: Skills-based health education is useful in the promotion of health behaviors. Preparing for puberty is essential for adolescents. This study aimed to assess the effects of a skills-based education on girls' knowledge, attitudes, and practice about health in puberty. Methods: This was an experimental study on 80 female school students in Tehran, Iran. Two groups of forty participants were randomly designated as the experimental and control in two different high schools in Tehran. A skills-based education program trained the experimental group, and a routine lecture-based education taught the control group about health in puberty. Data was collected using a questionnaire that assessed the participants' knowledge, attitudes, and practice about health in puberty; before, immediately after, and two months after the education. Results: Knowledge and attitude were significantly improved in the skills-based education group comparing to the Lecture-based group, immediately after (P = 0.002 and P = 0.045, respectively) and two months after the interventions (P < 0.001 and P = 0.034, respectively). Both methods were not effective in improving practice. Conclusions: Skills-based health education is more effective than the routine lecture-based education on improving knowledge and attitudes about puberty in health

Prognostic factors in birth time: A Survival Analysis

The waiting time between children births are called tempo. This phenomenon plays a crucial role in the child and mother health. The purpose of the present study is determination of factors which influence this variable of interest. A significance level of 5% and power of 80% considered to calculate the required sample size for this cross sectional study. The sample size of 124 women determined using PASS software (ver. 11.0.4). These women randomly selected of married women between 15-45 years old with at least two children, living in Irin village. We consider the waiting time between the first and the second birth in women randomly sampled from Irin village of Tehran province of Iran.The selected mothers had 364 children at the time of study. The average and standard error for the number of children were 2.940 and 1.102 respectively. 59% of the children were girl and the rest were boy.Tempo variable as an index estimated using Toki method. The lowest tempo is for 5th to 6th births (28.5) and highest is for 6th to 7th (60). Cox regression model was used to determine the significant explanatory factors.Birth of child was considered as an event and time between the first and the second event was considered as outcome in this model.According to the fitted Cox regression model, only maternal education and father’s occupation were statistically significant at 5% on time to second birth

Long-term Survival of Multiple Myeloma Based on CBC Test at Diagnosis Using Defective Marshall-Olkin Cure Model

Introduction: As a malignant proliferative disorder, multiple myeloma (MM) is classified as a cancer of the immune system. Generally, a complete blood count (CBC) is the first test for a patient with symptoms of MM. Through CBC, physicians can monitor abnormalities in the blood. To normalize malignancies in their blood, patients must first go through conventional chemotherapy. Afterward, if eligible, subjects would receive high-dose therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Primarily, patients would be subjected to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT). Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study consisted of 56 MM patients who were diagnosed between January 2010 and August 2016 and were followed up until February 2022. The survival rate of MM patients was assessed based on CBC test at the time of diagnosis. The clinical conditions, i.e., Thrombocytopenia, Leukopenia, and Anemia, were extracted from the CBC test and were used as the desired prognostic factors in companion with age at diagnosis. Overall survival based on the mentioned factors was analyzed using the defective Marshall-Olkin gompertz cure model, which was programmed in R software version 4.0.3. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 52.76 (SD = 7.1). The probability of long-term survival for patients in this study was 46%, with five-year overall survival equaling 73.2%. Patients with thrombocytopenia had about 86% lower odds of long-term survival compared with patients with normal Platelet levels (Plt). Conclusion: The present study indicates that deficiency in Plt count is a significant factor leading to poor survival of MM patients

Superiority of Bayesian Model Averaging to Stepwise Model in Selection of Factors Related to the Incidence of Type II diabetes in Pre-diabetic Women

Introduction:  The world prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its related increment mortality rate which needs high controls cost has attracted high scientific attention. Early detection of individuals who face this disease more than the others can prevent getting sick or at least reduce the disease consequences on public health. Regarding the costs and limitations of diagnostic tests, a statistical model is presented that helps predict the time of diabetes incidence and determines its risk factors. Furthermore, this model determines the significant predictor variables on response and considers them as model equation parameters.Materials and Methods: In this study, 803 pre-diabetic women in the age range of more than 20 years were selected from Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS) to examine the predictor variables on time of diabetes incidence. They were entered into the study in the phases 1 and 2 and were followed up to the phase 4. The predictor variables selection was performed using the Stepwise Model (SM) and the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA). Then, the predictive discrimination was used to compare the results of both models. The Log-rank test was performed and the Kaplan-Meier Curve was plotted. The statistical analyses were performed using R software (version 3.1.3).Results: The Backward Stepwise Model (BSM), the Forward Stepwise Model (FSM) and the BMA have used 9, 10 and 6 variables, respectively. Although the BMA selected predictor variables number is much lower than the SM, the prediction ability remains nearly constant.Conclusions: The BMA has averaged on the supported models using dataset. This model has shown nearly constant accuracy despite the selection of lower predictor variables number in comparison to the SM

Households' food expenditures in urban areas of Iran: An application of small area estimation

Background: A fundamental factor for human development is food, and inequalities in nutrition have been related to inequalities in health .The purpose of this study was to estimate Household Food Expenditure (HFE) in urban areas of Iran at district-level using small area estimation (SAE) methods.   Design and Methods: We used the Fay-Herriot model, the well-known area-level model of SAE. The main data was urban data of HFE collected by Statistical Centre of Iran at 2013. The environment of our study was urban area of Iran and study unit was household. Results: Findings showed that average number of room at each household, migration rate, proportion of male headed households(PMH) and Proportion of the active population`s employed at district level had a significant effect on HFE. Comparison between aggregated province estimates and estimates reported by SCI was not significant (P=0.609). The lowest and the highest HFE belong respectively to Pishva district with 27,067 thousand rials(TRs) and to Boyer-Ahmad district  with 85,175 TRs. Conclusions: Small-area estimation is advantageous for surveillance of HFE at the district level. This method allows documentation of geographic disparities and improves our understanding of the spatial distribution of HFE in urban areas of Iran

Joint frailty model for recurrent events and a terminal event in the presence of cure fraction

The observations of repeated or recurrent events occur in many longitudinal studies. Furthermore, sometimes there may exist a terminal event such as death, which is strongly correlated with recurrent events. In many situations, a fraction of subjects who will never experience the event of interest during a long follow-up period is considered to be cured. In this article, we proposed a joint frailty model in the presence of cure fraction. The dependency is modeled by shared frailty that is contained in both the recurrent andterminal events hazard functions. It allows to estimate two separate sets of parameters on the recurrent, death, and cure model. We applied the maximum likelihood method under a piecewise constant hazard function for model fitting. The proposed model is evaluated by simulation studies and an application to a breast cancer data is provided

Survival Analysis of Iranian Patients with Breast Cancer Using Joint Frailty Model with a Cure Rate

Background: Breast cancer is a common disease among women around the world. In Iran, it is the most prevalent cancer diagnosed in women. The objective of this study was to assess the cure rate of patients and the associated risk factors. Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 446 patients with breast cancer admitted to the Shahid Ramezanzadeh Radiotherapy Center. Using R 3.2.2 software, the Kaplan-Meier curve, log-rank test, and cure joint frailty model were utilized in the analysis. Results: Of the 446 patients, 17.3% died, 20% experienced relapse, and 62.7% were censored. The 1-5-7-year disease-free survival rates were 95.3%, 73.4%, and 69.3%, respectively. In the cure model, stage, involved lymph node, and surgery were statistically significant. In the recurrence model, stage, involved lymph node, lymphovascular invasion, and hormone therapy were statistically significant. In the death model, stage, lymphovascular invasion, and involved lymph node had a statistically significant effect on the survival time. Conclusion: The cure joint frailty model is a good model when there is a high fraction of patients who do not experience any recurrence or death. In addition, this model allows for the separate estimation of explanatory variable effect on recurrence, death, and cure. The findings of our study can be conducive to preventing the unfavorable effects of breast cancer and increasing the survival of patients