Tratado de derechos reales. Tomo II Propiedad y posesión

La presente investigación está referida al análisis de los dos principales derechos reales: la posesión y la propiedad, y es la continuación de la investigación concluida denominada Tratado de derechos reales, tomo I, teoría de los bienes y los derechos reales. Esta parte de la investigación corresponde al desarrollo de dos de sus principales instituciones. Así, se comienza con el análisis sociojurídico de la posesión (poder hecho) como derecho transitorio (temporal y momentáneo), para luego entrar al desarrollo de la propiedad (poder de derecho) como derecho definitivo (permanente y total), ambas instituciones reconocidas como situaciones jurídicas de gran trascendencia en las relaciones jurídicas patrimoniales, protegidas por la ley a través de mecanismos de defensa

X chromosome inactivation does not necessarily determine the severity of the phenotype in Rett syndrome patients

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurological disorder usually caused by mutations in the MECP2 gene. Since the MECP2 gene is located on the X chromosome, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) could play a role in the wide range of phenotypic variation of RTT patients; however, classical methylation-based protocols to evaluate XCI could not determine whether the preferentially inactivated X chromosome carried the mutant or the wild-type allele. Therefore, we developed an allele-specific methylation-based assay to evaluate methylation at the loci of several recurrent MECP2 mutations. We analyzed the XCI patterns in the blood of 174 RTT patients, but we did not find a clear correlation between XCI and the clinical presentation. We also compared XCI in blood and brain cortex samples of two patients and found differences between XCI patterns in these tissues. However, RTT mainly being a neurological disease complicates the establishment of a correlation between the XCI in blood and the clinical presentation of the patients. Furthermore, we analyzed MECP2 transcript levels and found differences from the expected levels according to XCI. Many factors other than XCI could affect the RTT phenotype, which in combination could influence the clinical presentation of RTT patients to a greater extent than slight variations in the XCI pattern

The artificial intelligence-based model ANORAK improves histopathological grading of lung adenocarcinoma

The introduction of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer grading system has furthered interest in histopathological grading for risk stratification in lung adenocarcinoma. Complex morphology and high intratumoral heterogeneity present challenges to pathologists, prompting the development of artificial intelligence (AI) methods. Here we developed ANORAK (pyrAmid pooliNg crOss stReam Attention networK), encoding multiresolution inputs with an attention mechanism, to delineate growth patterns from hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides. In 1,372 lung adenocarcinomas across four independent cohorts, AI-based grading was prognostic of disease-free survival, and further assisted pathologists by consistently improving prognostication in stage I tumors. Tumors with discrepant patterns between AI and pathologists had notably higher intratumoral heterogeneity. Furthermore, ANORAK facilitates the morphological and spatial assessment of the acinar pattern, capturing acinus variations with pattern transition. Collectively, our AI method enabled the precision quantification and morphology investigation of growth patterns, reflecting intratumoral histological transitions in lung adenocarcinoma

Finite element analysis of uni-compartmental knee arthroplasty.

Concerns over accelerated damage to the untreated compartment of the knee following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), as well as the relatively poor success rates observed for lateral as opposed to the medial arthroplasty, remain issues for attention. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to assess changes to the kinematics and potential for cartilage damage across the knee joint in response to the implantation of the Oxford Mobile Bearing UKA. FE models of lateral and medial compartment arthroplasty were developed, in addition to a healthy natural knee model, to gauge changes incurred through the arthroplasty. Varus–valgus misalignments were introduced to the femoral components to simulate surgical inaccuracy or over-correction. Boundary conditions from the Stanmore knee simulator during the stance phase of level gait were used. AP translations of the tibia in the medial UKA models were comparable to the behaviour of the natural knee models (±0.6 mm deviation from pre-operative motion). Following lateral UKA, 4.1 mm additional posterior translation of the tibia was recorded than predicted for the natural knee. IE rotations of the medial UKA models were less consistent with the pre-operative knee model than the lateral UKA models (7.7° vs. 3.6° deviation). Varus misalignment of the femoral prosthesis was more influential than valgus for medial UKA kinematics, whereas in lateral UKA, a valgus misalignment of the femoral prosthesis was most influential on the kinematics. Resection of the cartilage in the medial compartment reduced the overall risk of progressive OA in the knee, whereas removing the cartilage from the lateral compartment, and in particular introducing a valgus femoral misalignment, increased the overall risk of progressive OA in the knee. Based on these results, under the conditions tested herein, both medial and lateral UKA can be said to induce kinematics of the knee which could be considered broadly comparable to those of the natural knee, and that even a 10° varus–valgus misalignment of the femoral component may not induce highly irregular kinematics. However, elevated posterior translation of the tibia in lateral UKA and large excursions of the insert may explain the higher incidence of bearing dislocation observed in some clinical studies

Heavy metals in the sea cucumber holothuria tubulosa (echinodermata) from the mediterranean posidonia oceanica ecosystem: Body compartment, seasonal, geographical and bathymetric variations

The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn were measured in holothuroids Holothuria tubulosa collected during different seasons and at several depths in three N W Mediterranean Posidonia oceanica meadows (Calvi, Corsica; Ischia, Italy; Marseille, France). Metals were found to be selectively distributed among the holothuroid body compartments (i.e. body wall, gut, and haemal system). Among the sources of variation taken into account, the major part of the variability observed in metal concentrations was associated to the body compartment factor, then to the seasonal one and, finally, to the geographical and bathymetric factors. Our results suggest that, if one uses H. tubulosa as a bioindicator species for surveying and monitoring metal contamination in the Mediterranean P. oceanica meadows, attention should be paid to compare only concentrations measured in the same body compartments of individuals collected during the same period of the year. Body compartments that should be preferably considered for metal analyses are the haemal system and, secondarily, the gut (i.e. the compartments concentrating metals most efficiently). Due to the peculiar ecological characteristics of H. tubulosa (i.e. a deposit feeder living in close relationships with the sediments), this species could be effectively used to complement the small set of bioindicators available so far for surveying metal contamination in the P. oceanica ecosystem (viz. the phanerogam P. oceanica itself and the grazing echinoid Paracentrotus lividus). © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Unexpected inverse correlation between Native American ancestry and Asian American variants of HPV16 in admixed Colombian cervical cancer cases

European (E) variants of HPV 16 are evenly distributed among world regions, meanwhile,Non-European variants such as European-Asian (EAs), Asian American (AA) and African (Af) are mostly confined to Eastern [email protected]

Unexpected inverse correlation between Native American ancestry and Asian American variants of HPV16 in admixed Colombian cervical cancer cases

European (E) variants of HPV 16 are evenly distributed among world regions, meanwhile,Non-European variants such as European-Asian (EAs), Asian American (AA) and African (Af) are mostly confined to Eastern [email protected]