International problems in youth’s space in contemporary world

Межнациональные отношения являются одной из острейших проблем общества и молодежной среды, в частности. Россия всегда была многонациональной страной. Из-за острых социальных проблем таких, как нищета значительной части россиян, алкоголизм, наркомания, беспризорное детство и другие появляются и объективные, и субъективные предпосылки к межнациональным претензиям. Разрастание межнациональных конфликтов автоматически ведет к развалу государственности.Interethnic relations are one of the most pressing problems of society and youth protection, in particular. Russia has always been a multi-ethnic country. Because of the acute social problems such as poverty many Russians, alcoholism, drug addiction, homelessness and other childhood appear both objective and subjective conditions to ethnic claims. Proliferation of ethnic conflicts automatically leads to the collapse of the state

Modification of the ground state in Sm-Sr manganites by oxygen isotope substitution

The effect of $^{16}$O $\to$ $^{18}$O isotope substitution on electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility of Sm$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$MnO$_3$ manganites is analyzed. It is shown that the oxygen isotope substitution drastically affects the phase diagram at the crossover region between the ferromagnetic metal state and that of antiferromagnetic insulator (0.4 $< x <$ 0.6), and induces the metal-insulator transition at for $x$ = 0.475 and 0.5. The nature of antiferromagnetic insulator phase is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 eps figures, RevTeX, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Expression studies of tuberculosis susceptibility genes

The activating research interest in the problem of tuberculosis development is due to the increase in cases of drug resistance, coinfection with HIV and hepatitis, and the lack of an effective vaccine. However, the pathogenesis of tuberculosis remains insufficiently studied at present. A significant role is assigned to hereditary factors, as the majority of those infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis remain resistant to tuberculosis, and only in 5—15% of cases does infection lead to the development of the disease. Despite a long history of research of genetic factors of susceptibility to tuberculosis infection — from the search for monogenic forms of immune dysfunction, associations of individual tuberculosis susceptibility genes, to the analysis of genome-wide associative studies and the assessment of the characteristics of the transcriptional profiles of patients, — the problem of obtaining clinically significant results for the identification and monitoring of risk groups remains particularly acute. The search of differentially expressed genes in groups with different status of the disease (non-infected, latent tuberculosis infection, presymptomatic state, active tuberculosis, recovery from tuberculosis, non-tuberculosis infection) led to identification of a large number of data which is not overlapped in different compared groups, different ethnic groups, in the studies of the whole blood and cellular models. Merging this wealth of data followed by its reanalysis helps to verify and update results. However, there still is a large number of questions concerning our understanding of the functioning of the human organism under the influence of M. tuberculosis. In recent years, new approaches have been used to develop test systems for the diagnosis of various forms of the disease. The review considers up to date results of expression studies of susceptibility to tuberculosis, namely, objects and approaches of research changing over time, forms of the host response to the mycobacteria infection studied, the influence of different factors on the results

Drug rehabilitation in the Sverdlovsk region: situation at present and ways of improvement

Due to the Russian Government's special attention to the state of the drug service in the country, in recent years a number of legislation has been passed to improve the alcohol and drug situation, mandatory in each region. In general, however, the specialized service maintains a number of negative trends that are deteriorating the quality of drug care: a decrease in the number of referrals for specialized care, a deterioration in the provision of services by psychiatrists and rehabilitation specialists, a low percentage of patients' involvement in rehabilitation programs and poor quality of remissions. The ways to optimize drug treatment are considered on the example of the Sverdlovsk regionВ связи с особым вниманием Правительства РФ к состоянию наркологической службы в стране, в последние годы был принят ряд законодательных актов по улучшению алкогольной и наркотической ситуации, обязательных к исполнению в каждом регионе. Однако в целом в специализированной службе сохраняется ряд негативных тенденций, ухудшающих качество оказания наркологической помощи: снижение числа обращений за специализированной помощью, ухудшение обеспечения службы врачами психиатрами-наркологами и специалистами реабилитационного звена, низкий процент вовлечения пациентов в реабилитационные программы и низкое качество ремиссий. На примере Свердловской области рассмотрены пути оптимизации наркологической помощ

Theory of Insulator Metal Transition and Colossal Magnetoresistance in Doped Manganites

The persistent proximity of insulating and metallic phases, a puzzling characterestic of manganites, is argued to arise from the self organization of the twofold degenerate e_g orbitals of Mn into localized Jahn-Teller(JT) polaronic levels and broad band states due to the large electron - JT phonon coupling present in them. We describe a new two band model with strong correlations and a dynamical mean-field theory calculation of equilibrium and transport properties. These explain the insulator metal transition and colossal magnetoresistance quantitatively, as well as other consequences of two state coexistence

Nanoscale phase separation in manganites

We study the possibility of nanoscale phase separation in manganites in the framework of the double exchange model. The homogeneous canted state of this model is proved to be unstable toward the formation of small ferromagnetic droplets inside an antiferromagnetic insulating matrix. For the ferromagnetic polaronic state we analyze the quantum effects related to the tails of electronic wave function and a possibility of electron hopping in the antiferromagnetic background. We find that these effects lead to the formation of the threshold for the polaronic state.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, invited talk on the workshop on Strongly Correlated Electrons in New Materials (SCENM02), Loughborough (UK). submitted to Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Genera

Surface morphology of DyxOy films grown on Si

The crystalline structure and surface morphology of DyxOy dielectric films grown on Si substrates were studied by grazing incidence diffraction and absorption with use of synchrotron radiation and by atomic force microscopy. The crystalline structure and the roughness of DyxOy films were found to be strongly dependent on the deposition rate. The dielectric-silicon interface depends on the type of gas used in the annealing process. Moreover. results from the near edge X-ray absorption studies, have revealed that none of the examined films has a stoichiometry close to the Dy2O3. The level of stoichiometry is determined by the technological conditions. Nevertheless, MOS structures with Dy(x)Q(y) films (EOT similar to 23 angstrom) have shown a rather good DyxOy-Si interface properties, which can be further improve by thermal annealing, and introducing of several additives, therefore DyxOy films can be considered as suitable candidates for gate dielectric in MOS devices. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Isotope effects and the charge gap formation in the charge ordered phase of colossal magnetoresistance manganites

Giant oxygen isotope effects observed in colossal magnetoresistance manganites are investigated by employing the combined model of the double exchange and interacting lattice polaron mechanism. We have shown that the isotope effects on $T_C$ in the metallic phase and $T_{CO}$ in the charge ordered phase of manganites can be explained well in terms of the double exchange and polaron narrowing factors with reasonable physical parameters.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

SOME ASPECTS OF THE ESTIMATION OF STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN MEMBRANE OF ERYTHROCYTES AT THE CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY

The article presents the estimation of structural-functional changes in erythrocytic membranes accompanied with the change of activity of different enzymes that determine normal functioning of erythrocytes. Change of lipid-protein and protein-protein interactions causes the reapportionment of charges on the surface of erythrocytes and. the decrease of total charge of cell and. leads to the increase of aggregation of erythrocytes and. the change of rheological properties of blood. In the end. it reflects on the effectiveness of oxygen transportation, transcapillary diffusion and perfusion of blood in microcirculation channel

Percolative conductivity and critical exponents in mixed-valent manganites

Recent experiments have shown that some colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) materials exhibit a percolation transition. The conductivity exponent varies substantially with or without an external magnetic field. This finding prompted us to carry out theoretical studies of percolation transition in CMR systems. We find that the percolation transition coincides with the magnetic transition and this causes a large effect of a magnetic field on the percolation transition. Using real-space-renormalization method and numerical calculations for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) models, we obtain the conductivity exponent $t$ to be 5.3 (3D) and 3.3 (2D) without a magnetic field, and 1.7 (3D) and 1.4 (2D) with a magnetic field.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. To appear in Rapid Communications of Phys. Rev.