The day KTC became Cape Town's Beirut; African squatters' struggles in Cape Town 1983 - 1986

Paper presented at the Wits History Workshop: Structure and Experience in the Making of Apartheid, 6-10 February, 199

Primary calcified hydatid of spleen: a case report

Most splenic cysts are parasitic. Hydatid disease, a parasitic disease, isendemic in Kashmir. Splenic involvement alone in hydatid disease is very rare. It may remain asymptomatic or, by causing pressure due to increasing size on adjacent viscera, may become symptomatic. A non specific presentation always makes diagnosis difficult. A case of hydatid spleen in a young boy who presented with abdominal pain is reported. Radiology complemented with serology made the diagnosis. Hydatid disease should beconsidered as a differential diagnosis in every patient with a calcified cystic mass of the spleen in endemic areas.KEY WORDS: Calcified hydatid; Spleen; Splenic cyst; Case repor

Career Satisfaction And Psychological Wellbeing Among Professional Engineers In Malaysia: The Effect Of Career Goal Development

As fast-track individuals with special knowledge and expertise, engineers have great expectations and ambitions for their careers and are known for striving for psychological success and climbing the career ladder. Nevertheless, several factors have influenced the well-being of engineers, including conflicts between personal goals and expectations with available advancement opportunities, work autonomy, and work demand. As a result, engineers in Malaysia are considered to be unhappy workers. This scenario will likely worsen if little attention is given to researching the engineer's individual well-being. Thus, it is appropriate to conduct a study that assesses the level of individual well-being among Malaysian engineers using career goal development as a predictor. This study applied a self-administered questionnaire to collect data. A total of 500 questions were distributed to registered professional engineers, and 387 completed questionnaires were returned for analysis. The measures used in the study were adopted from previous studies with acceptable reliabilities, and the research hypotheses were investigated through correlation and path analysis using PLS. The research findings have provided useful information on the positive influence of protean career orientation on psychological wellbeing. Furthermore, the results showed that career goal development has a positive influence on individual well-being. The implications of these findings contribute to the understanding of the process through which career attitude affects individual well-being, which will be discussed

Impacts of various high beam headlight intensities on driver visibility and road safety

Based on several studies, driving above certain speed at night while using low beam headlights has been found to result in insufficient visibility to respond to road hazards. Luckily, vehicle headlight technology has advanced so much and the system is commercially available in many parts of the world. However, the technical development for optimal photometric performance raises a few questions. The use of high beam headlight system creates a glare to drivers of oncoming and preceding vehicles (because of both oncoming headlights and preceding taillights), to the extent that it has become necessary to determine the need to put a limit on the luminous intensity of high-beam headlights. This study shall therefore summarize and investigate visual performance that allows for evaluation of the potential benefits of increased luminous intensity by considering glare rating related to safety. Two different car models; the Proton Prevé and the Perodua Myvi were used in the experiments. The results showed that the highest average illuminance [lux] for single vehicle was 17.5, 7.5, 5.0 and 1.0 for the distances of 30m, 60m, 120m and 150m. However, the average illuminance based on total number of vehicles was 1.0, 0.5, 0.0 and 0.0 at distances of 30m, 60m, 120m and 150m, which were considered below maximum recommended safety level (max. 9.0 – 11.0 lux). The current average vehicle high-beam headlight control was found at the level of acceptable glare control (glare to oncoming and preceding drivers) and below the maximum level of illuminance rate with the normal speed of 40 km/h

Phylogenic analysis of serotype Asia1 foot-and-mouth disease virus from Sulaimani/Iraq using VP1 protein: heterogeneity with vaccine strain As1/Shamir/89

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes O, A and Asia1 are responsible for a significant number of disease outbreaks in Iraq. The current study can be considered as the first molecular characterization of serotype Asia1 in Iraq. The present investigation reports the detection of serotype FMDV Asia1 from local farms in Sulaimani districts in 2012 and 2014 outbreaks. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete VP1 gene has shown that FMDV Asia1 field isolates were under genetic novel variant Sindh-08 (group VII) including PAK/iso/11 and TUR/13 strains. The VP1 protein sequence of circulatory FMDV Asia1 genotype showed heterogeneity of nine amino acid substitutions within the G-H loop with the vaccine strain As1/Shamir/89 (JF739177) that is currently used in vaccination program in Iraq. Our result indicated that differences in VP1 protein at G-H loop of the locally circulated FMDV serotype Asia1 strain may be a reason for current vaccination failure

Preferencias y aceptabilidad de los consumidores por la carne de vacuno enriquecida en omega-3 y ácido linoleico conjugado en tres ciudades españolas

Este trabajo analiza las preferencias de los consumidores en tres ciudades españolas (Barcelona, Zaragoza y Pamplona) con el objetivo de estimar la importancia relativa de los atributos más relevantes de la carne de vacuno incluyendo su enriquecimiento con ácidos grasos no saturados como el omega-3 (n-3) y el ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA). Asimismo, se pretende estudiar el impacto de la experiencia sensorial y la información sobre las preferencias y la heterogeneidad no observada tanto del factor de escala como de los atributos. Los datos fueron recogidos de un cuestionario estructurado y auto-completado en un ambiente controlado con dos muestras diferentes (320 y 325 consumidores) diferenciados por la información recibida. El experimento de elección fue aplicado antes y después de que los mismos consumidores evaluaran la aceptabilidad de la carne enriquecida. Para el análisis de datos se ha empleado el modelo Multinomial Generalizado (GMNL). Los resultados mostraron un impacto significativo de la información y la experiencia sensorial sobre las preferencias. La utilidad de la carne enriquecida con n-3 en las tres ciudades se incrementó significativamente después de probar la carne, sobre todo para los consumidores que no recibieron información, mientras que la utilidad de la carne enriquecida con CLA no fue significativa independientemente de la evaluación hedónica o la información proporcionada. Después de la experiencia sensorial, la heterogeneidad de escala, que es la variación del grado de aleatoriedad en el proceso de toma de decisiones y por lo tanto el grado de certeza de los individuos en sus elecciones, ha disminuido significativamente. Finalmente, los resultados mostraron un aumento de la aceptabilidad global de la carne enriquecida con n-3 y CLA respecto a la carne convencional y la información ofrecida a los consumidores no tuvo ningún impacto significativo en sus puntuaciones.Publishe

Molecular Typing of Canine Parvovirus from Sulaimani, Iraq and Phylogenetic Analysis Using Partial Vp2 Gene

Canine parvovirus (CPV) remains the most significant viral cause of haemorrhagic enteritis and bloody diarrhoea in puppies over the age of 12 weeks. The objective of the present study was to detect and genotype CPV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to perform phylogenetic analysis using partial VP2 gene sequences. We analysed eight faecal samples of unvaccinated dogs with signs of vomiting and bloody diarrhoea during the period from December 2013 to May 2014 in different locations in Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq. After PCR detection, we found that all viral sequences in our study were CPV-2b variants, which differed genetically by 0.8% to 3.6% from five commercially available vaccines. Alignment between eight nucleotides of field virus sequences showed 95% to 99.5% similarity. The phylogenetic analysis for the 8 field sequences formed two distinct clusters with two sequences belonging to strains from China and Thailand and the other six - with a strain from Egypt. Molecular characterisation and CPV typing are crucial in epidemiological studies for future prevention and control of the disease