187 research outputs found
Levinson, Jerome et De Onis, Juan, The Alliance That Lost Its Way; une étude critique de l’Alliance pour le Progrès; « A Twentieth Century Fund Study », 381 p., Chicago, Quadrangle Books, 1970.
Ecuador: The Continuing Challenge of Democratic Consolidation and Civil-Military Relations; Strategic Insights, v. 5, issue 2 (February 2006)
This article appeared in Strategic Insights, v.5, issue 2 (February 2006)Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
The Center for Civil-Military Relations / Spanish Case Study
The Center for Civil-Military Relations at the Naval Post-Graduate School
(CCMR, Monterey, CA) is an implementing organization of the U.S. Department
of Defense's Expanded-International Military Education and Training Program
and has amassed both scholarly and practical expertise educating civilian and
military defense professionals from more than 40 countries. CCMR was
established in 1994 and is sponsored by the Defense Security Cooperation
Agency (DSCA). CCMR conducts civil-military relations programs designed
primarily for military officers, civilian officials, legislators, and non-government
personnel. These programs include courses designed to be taught both in
residence at NPS and in a Mobile Education Team (MET) format, depending
upon requirements. Three programs offered by CCMR include the MET, the
Masters Degree in International Security and Civil-Military Relations, and the
Executive Program in Civil-Military Relations.The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) sponsored the research
in this report under agreement AEP-A-00-98-00014-00, which established the
Partnership for Democratic Governance and Society. The Partnership for
Democratic Governance and Society (PDGS) conducts programs to strengthen the
capacity of civilians to provide leadership in defense management, policymaking
and analysis. The PDGS conducts its programs in cooperation with local
legislatures, political parties, civic organizations, academic institutions, media and
the civilian elements of the defense establishment.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
A political transition in Chile, problems and prospects on the long road to democracy
http://archive.org/details/politicaltransit00brunN
Are the Maras Overwhelming Governments in Central America?
Military Review, November - December 2006Violence in Central America has grown
so much in the last half decade that Colombia is
no longer the homicide capital of the region. In fact, it
now ranks fourth in that ignominious distinction behind
El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala.1 The violence is
mostly due to the phenomenon of street gangs, also called
pandillas or gangas, but most often maras. They have
grown in number, sophistication, and stature and have
largely overwhelmed the security forces of Central America’s
fledgling democracies. Altogether, these maras represent
a significant threat to the security of the countries in the region.
Numerous national, binational, multinational, regional, and hemispheric
conferences have sought to address the problem
IL28B SNP screening and distribution in the French Canadian population using a rapid PCR-based test
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the proximity of the interleukin-28B (IL28B) gene can predict spontaneous resolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and response to interferon therapy. Screening for this polymorphism has become part of the standard criteria for the management of HCV-infected patients, hence the need for a rapid, cost-effective screening method. Here, we describe a rapid PCR-based test to screen for two IL28B SNPs (rs12979860 and rs8099917). We used this test to investigate IL28B polymorphism and prevalence in a cohort of French Canadian injection drug users who are part of a unique population known to have a strong genetic founder effect. This population had lower linkage disequilibrium between the two tested SNPs as compared to other cohorts (|d′| = 0.68, r = 0.59). The special genetic makeup should be considered in the management of HCV-infected patients within that population
Zitterbewegung and semiclassical observables for the Dirac equation
In a semiclassical context we investigate the Zitterbewegung of relativistic
particles with spin 1/2 moving in external fields. It is shown that the
analogue of Zitterbewegung for general observables can be removed to arbitrary
order in \hbar by projecting to dynamically almost invariant subspaces of the
quantum mechanical Hilbert space which are associated with particles and
anti-particles. This not only allows to identify observables with a
semiclassical meaning, but also to recover combined classical dynamics for the
translational and spin degrees of freedom. Finally, we discuss properties of
eigenspinors of a Dirac-Hamiltonian when these are projected to the almost
invariant subspaces, including the phenomenon of quantum ergodicity
Exogenous WNT5A and WNT11 proteins rescue CITED2 dysfunction in mouse embryonic stem cells and zebrafish morphants
Mutations and inadequate methylation profiles of CITED2 are associated with human congenital heart disease (CHD). In mouse, Cited2 is necessary for embryogenesis, particularly for heart development, and its depletion in embryonic stem cells (ESC) impairs cardiac differentiation. We have now determined that Cited2 depletion in ESC affects the expression of transcription factors and cardiopoietic genes involved in early mesoderm and cardiac specification. Interestingly, the supplementation of the secretome prepared from ESC overexpressing CITED2, during the onset of differentiation, rescued the cardiogenic defects of Cited2-depleted ESC. In addition, we demonstrate that the proteins WNT5A and WNT11 held the potential for rescue. We also validated the zebrafish as a model to investigate cited2 function during development. Indeed, the microinjection of morpholinos targeting cited2 transcripts caused developmental defects recapitulating those of mice knockout models, including the increased propensity for cardiac defects and severe death rate. Importantly, the co-injection of anti-cited2 morpholinos with either CITED2 or WNT5A and WNT11 recombinant proteins corrected the developmental defects of Cited2-morphants. This study argues that defects caused by the dysfunction of Cited2 at early stages of development, including heart anomalies, may be remediable by supplementation of exogenous molecules, offering the opportunity to develop novel therapeutic strategies aiming to prevent CHD.Agência financiadora:
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)
Comissão de Coordenação e Desenvolvimento Regional do Algarve (CCDR Algarve)
ALG-01-0145-FEDER-28044; DFG 568/17-2 Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC)
Municipio de Louléinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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