1,240 research outputs found
A Model Behind the Standard Model
In spite of its many successes, the Standard Model makes many empirical
assumptions in the Higgs and fermion sectors for which a deeper theoretical
basis is sought. Starting from the usual gauge symmetry plus the 3 assumptions: (A) scalar fields as vielbeins in
internal symmetry space \cite{framevec}, (B) the ``confinement picture'' of
symmetry breaking \cite{tHooft,Banovici}, (C) generations as ``dual'' to colour
\cite{genmixdsm}, we are led to a scheme which offers: (I) a geometrical
significance to scalar fields, (II) a theoretical criterion on what scalar
fields are to be introduced, (III) a partial explanation of why appears
broken while confines, (IV) baryon-lepton number (B - L) conservation,
(V) the standard electroweak structure, (VI) a 3-valued generation index for
leptons and quarks, and (VII) a dynamical system with all the essential
features of an earlier phenomenological model \cite{genmixdsm} which gave a
good description of the known mass and mixing patterns of quarks and leptons
including neutrino oscillations. There are other implications the consistency
of which with experiment, however, has not yet been systematically explored. A
possible outcome is a whole new branch of particle spectroscopy from
confinement, potentially as rich in details as that of hadrons from colour
confinement, which will be accessible to experiment at high energy.Comment: 66 pages, added new material on phenomenology, and some new
reference
The Rotating Mass Matrix, the Strong CP Problem and Higgs Decay
We investigate a recent solution to the strong CP problem, obtaining a
theta-angle of order unity, and show that a smooth trajectory of the massive
eigenvector of a rank-one rotating mass matrix is consistent with the
experimental data for both fermion masses and mixing angles (except for the
masses of the lightest quarks). Using this trajectory we study Higgs decay and
find suppression of compared to the standard model
predictions for a range of Higgs masses. We also give limits for flavour
violating decays, including a relatively large branching ratio for the
mode.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures; improvements to introduction and preliminarie
On the Corner Elements of the CKM and PMNS Matrices
Recent experiments show that the top-right corner element () of the
PMNS, like that () of the CKM, matrix is small but nonzero, and suggest
further via unitarity that it is smaller than the bottom-left corner element
(), again as in the CKM case (). An attempt in
explaining these facts would seem an excellent test for any model of the mixing
phenomenon. Here, it is shown that if to the assumption of a universal rank-one
mass matrix, long favoured by phenomenologists, one adds that this matrix
rotates with scale, then it follows that (A) by inputting the mass ratios
, and , (i) the corner elements are
small but nonzero, (ii) , , (iii)
estimates result for the ratios and , and
(B) by inputting further the experimental values of and
, (iv) estimates result for the values of the corner elements
themselves. All the inequalities and estimates obtained are consistent with
present data to within expectation for the approximations made.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, updated with new experimental data and more
detail
N-String Vertices in String Field Theory
We give the general form of the vertex corresponding to the interaction of an
arbitrary number of strings. The technique employed relies on the ``comma"
representation of String Field Theory where string fields and interactions are
represented as matrices and operations between them such as multiplication and
trace. The general formulation presented here shows that the interaction vertex
of N strings, for any arbitrary N, is given as a function of particular
combinations of matrices corresponding to the change of representation between
the full string and the half string degrees of freedom.Comment: 22 pages, A4-Latex (latex twice), FTUV IFI
A Solution of the Strong CP Problem Transforming the theta-angle to the KM CP-violating Phase
It is shown that in the scheme with a rotating fermion mass matrix (i.e. one
with a scale-dependent orientation in generation space) suggested earlier for
explaining fermion mixing and mass hierarchy, the theta-angle term in the QCD
action of topological origin can be eliminated by chiral transformations, while
giving still nonzero masses to all quarks. Instead, the effects of such
transformations get transmitted by the rotation to the CKM matrix as the KM
phase giving, for of order unity, a Jarlskog invariant typically of
order as experimentally observed. Strong and weak CP violations
appear then as just two facets of the same phenomenon.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figure
Witten's cubic vertex in the comma theory (I)
It is shown that Witten's interaction 3-vertex is a solution to the comma overlap equations; hence establishing the equivalence between the conventional and the 'comma' formulation of interacting string theory at the level of vertices
New Angle on the Strong CP and Chiral Symmetry Problems from a Rotating Mass Matrix
It is shown that when the mass matrix changes in orientation (rotates) in
generation space for changing energy scale, then the masses of the lower
generations are not given just by its eigenvalues. In particular, these masses
need not be zero even when the eigenvalues are zero. In that case, the strong
CP problem can be avoided by removing the unwanted term by a chiral
transformation in no contradiction with the nonvanishing quark masses
experimentally observed. Similarly, a rotating mass matrix may shed new light
on the problem of chiral symmetry breaking. That the fermion mass matrix may so
rotate with scale has been suggested before as a possible explanation for
up-down fermion mixing and fermion mass hierarchy, giving results in good
agreement with experiment.Comment: 14 page
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