Inuloxin E, a New Seco-Eudesmanolide Isolated from Dittrichia viscosa, Stimulating Orobanche cumana Seed Germination

A new sesquiterpenoid belonging to the subgroup seco-eudesmanolides and named inuloxin E was isolated from Dittrichia viscosa, together with the already known sesquiterpenoids inuloxins A–D and -costic acid. Inuloxin E was characterized by spectroscopic data (essentially NMR and ESIMS) as 3-methylene-6-(1-methyl-4-oxo-pentyl)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-3H-benzofuran-2-one. Its relative configuration was determined by comparison with the closely related inuloxin D and chemical conversion of inuloxin E into inuloxin D and by the observed significant correlation in the NOESY spectrum. Both inuloxins D and E induced germination of the parasitic weed Orobanche cumana, but were inactive on the seeds of Orobanche minor and Phelipanche ramosa. The germination activity of some hemisynthetic esters of inuloxin D was also investigated

Relação entre ocorrência do amarelecimento fatal do dendezeiro (elaeis guineensis jacq.) e variáveis ambientais no estado do Pará.

As tecnologias de representação geográfica e análise espacial de bases de dados podem indicar a natureza focal da transmissão e aumentar a compreensão da influência dos fatores ambientais na distribuição de diversas doenças. Oferecendo uma nova aproximação para o planejamento e execução de medidas preventivas e/ou de controle. Desta forma, este trabalho objetivou analisar a relação entre a presença do Amarelecimento Fatal nas propriedades produtoras de Dendê no Estado do Pará e uma série de variáveis ambientais visando identificar regiões com maior e menor probabilidades de ocorrência do AF

Avaliação genômica de Piper yellow mottle virus da pimenteira do reino (Piper nigrum L.).

Edição dos resumos do 44º Congresso Brasileiro de Fitopatologia, 2011, Bento Gonçalves. Resumo 776

Evaluation of dittrichia viscosa (L.) greuter dried biomass for weed management

Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter, a plant species common in the Mediterranean basin, produces several bioactive compounds, some of which have herbicidal effects. A number of greenhouse and field experiments were carried out in order to evaluate if these effects could be obtained also by using the whole plant biomass, to identify the efficacious doses, determine their effects on seed germination and weed emergence, and to evaluate influence of soil characteristics on biomass efficacy. The experiments carried out evidenced that: (i) the dried biomass completely hampers plant emergence when high doses (30–40 kg biomass m−3 of soil) are mixed into the soil, or delays it at a lower dose (10 kg m−3 ); (ii) the detrimental effects are not affected by soil type. The exploitation of the D. viscosa dried biomass appears to be a feasible option in weed management practices and its potential is discussed

Evaluation of clinicopathological features in cats with chronic gastrointestinal signs

Food-responsive enteropathy (FRE), idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and alimentary tract lymphoma (AL) are often the remaining differentials for cats presenting with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) signs. Differential diagnosis is further complicated by overlapping clinicopathological features and histopathological changes, however. In this study we describe the clinical presentation of cats with chronic GI signs secondary to FRE, IBD, and AL, and evaluate possible associations between clinical, clinicopathological, ultrasonographic findings and diagnosis. The medical records of client-owned cats with chronic GI signs secondary to FRE, IBD, and AL were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models and receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were used for testing the data. Of the 56 cats included in the study, 22 were diagnosed with FRE (mean age, 70 months ± 49), 17 with IBD (mean age, 101 months ± 40), and 17 with AL (mean age, 122 months ± 45). Cats with FRE were younger and presented more often with diarrhea and less frequently with muscle wasting than cats with IBD or AL. In cats with AL, serum cobalamin levels were lower than in those with FRE or IBD (239 ± 190 ng/L vs. 762 ± 408 ng/L and 625 ± 443 ng/L, respectively) and folate levels were higher than in cats with IBD (18.2 ± 4.2 μg/L vs. 9.1 ± 4.7 μg/L, respectively). Multivariate/ROC curve analysis showed increased values of BUN (sensitivity 100, specificity 29.4, criterion >37 mg/dl) and serum folate (sensitivity 80, specificity 100, criterion >15.6 μg/L) and reduced values of cobalamin (sensitivity 100, specificity 62.5, criterion â¤540 ng/L), which suggested a diagnosis of AL versus IBD. Some clinicopathological features evaluated at diagnosis might suggest AL; however, because differentiating AL from IBD is often difficult, definitive diagnosis should be based on invasive diagnostic workup

Cancro em mogno africano no estado do Pará.

Nota Científica

Detecção de Piper yellow mottle virus em espécimes de Cochonilhas de pimenteira-do-reino por meio de PCR.

A pimenteira-do-reino (Piper nigrum L.) pode ser infectada pelos vírus Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) e Piper yellow mottle virus (PYMoV) que podem causar grandes perdas na produção. Os sintomas causados por estes vírus são clorose, mosqueado, clareamento de nervuras, deformação foliar, nanismo e redução da produção de frutos. O CMV é transmitido por pulgões enquanto que o PYMoV é transmitido por cochonilhas. Nos plantios de pimenta-do-reino é comum a presença de cochonilhas, e no Brasil já foram relatadas como vetoras do PYMoV as espécies Ferrisia virgata e Planococcus minor. Segundo a literatura na Índia há outras espécies transmissoras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de verificar a adequação do teste de PCR para detecção do PYMoV em espécimes de cochonilhas. Foram colocadas vinte cochonilhas F. virgata e vinte P. minor para se alimentar em folhas infectadas pelo PYMoV, destacadas, por um período de 24hs. Dez de cada espécie tiveram seu ácido nucléico extraído separadamente para proceder o teste de PCR com primers específicos para PYMoV. Este trabalho dará subsídios para os estudos da interação cochonilha x PYMoV, além da elaboração de estratégia de inspeção da vetora no campo e mudas de pimenta-do-reino.PIBIC-2011

INFLUENCE OF THE MODEL SIZE IN THE NUMERICAL DETERMINATION OF THE AVERAGE THERMAL STRESSES IN AN MMC COMPOSITE

In previous works the authors discussed some issues related to a specific metallic matrix composites (MMC), the Aluminum matrix reinforced with SiC particles (Al+SiC) which has a metal matrix (powder) mixed with ceramic particles. These materials have some advantages when used as a structural material such as their high strength and good conformability. Their properties depend, among others, on the volumetric ratio, the  particles size and distribution besides the matrix microstructure itself. Some of them are obtained at elevated temperature what produces a thermal stress state in the material. The Al+SiC is one of the later. The powder mix is extruded at 600oC and it is used at 20oC. Several numerical analyses were performed considering the random distribution of the particles and a non-linear behavior in the aluminum matrix. The results showed strong influence of the aluminum elastic-plastic behavior in the composite thermal stress distribution due to its manufacturing process. However, one issue remained: the size of the model. It represents the central portion of a Al+SiC bar which is only about 10 times the size of a single particle (~10L). The present work investigates, always numerically, the influence of the model size on the thermal stress distribution. It considers 2 sets of non-linear analyses with random distributed particles: one with 20 models with size of 20L each one, the other set with another 20 models with size 40L. This approach allows a view of the results tendency compared with the 10L ones. As done before, the modeled volumetric ratio has a very tight range of values with its average very near to the value in an actual Al+SiC composite. It is showed that the first model size was already enough to get good results without sacrificing neither the computer nor the analyst time

Transmissão de Piper yellow mottle virus por meio de podas em plantas de pimenteira-do-reino.

A pimenteira-do-reino (Piper nigrum L.) pode ser infectada pelo vírus Piper yellow mottle virus (PYMoV) que pode causar grandes perdas na produção. Os sintomas causados por este vírus são clorose, mosqueado, clareamento de nervuras, deformação foliar, nanismo e redução da produção de frutos. O PYMoV é transmitido por cochonilhas, mas é disseminado principalmente por meio de mudas infectadas, geradas por propagação vegetativa (estacas). Estas estacas geralmente são obtidas da própria lavoura do produtor rural por meio de tesoura de poda ou facões. Muitas espécies virais podem ser transmitidas via tratos culturais, como a poda. Entretanto, até o momento não há relato sobre este tipo de transmissão para o PYMoV nesta cultura. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a transmissão do PYMoV por meio de podas de plantas infectadas pelo PYMoV. Foi feita a contaminação de tesoura de poda cortando estacas de plantas infectadas pelo PYMoV e em seguida poda de 19 mudas de pimenta-do-reino. Estas foram mantidas por um período de cerca de 3 meses em estufa e em seguida teve o ácido nucléico (DNA e RNA) extraído a partir de folhas novas. Posteriormente, foi realizado o teste de PCR com primers específicos para PYMoV. Das 19 mudas podadas, 15 tiveram resultados positivos para o PYMoV. Este resultado permitirá a elaboração de estratégia de manejo para a cultura.PIBIC-2011