Prevalence of cannabis and cocaine consumption in French fishermen in South Atlantic region in 2012–2013 and its policy consequences

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of cannabis and cocaine among fishermen followed in occupational medicine in the ports of Aquitaine and Charente-Maritime (Direction interrégionale de la mer Sud-Atlantique [DIRM-SA]). Materials and methods: Thousand fishermen could be recruited during medical regulatory examination by the occupational physicians and nurses of Occupational Health Department for Seamen. Results: About 20% of fishermen were former smokers. A third of the fishermen are at risk for excessive drinking according to the AUDIT-C. The prevalence of cannabis experimentation was estimated at 58%. The prevalence of positive urine test for cannabis was 28%. The prevalence of experimentation with cocaine was about 16%. The prevalence of positive urine test for cocaine was 4.5%. Conclusions: In accordance with its objectives, this study allows objectifying cannabis and cocaine consumption among fishermen. The national rules for fitness at sea have to be modified by introducing the use of urinary tests by occupational physician

Trichloroethylene exposure and somatic mutations of the VHL gene in patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We investigated the association between exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) and mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau <it>(VHL) </it>gene and the subsequent risk for renal cell carcinoma (RCC).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Cases were recruited from a case-control study previously carried out in France that suggested an association between exposures to high levels of TCE and increased risk of RCC. From 87 cases of RCC recruited for the epidemiological study, 69 were included in the present study. All samples were evaluated by a pathologist in order to identify the histological subtype and then be able to focus on clear cell RCC. The majority of the tumour samples were fixed either in formalin or Bouin's solutions. The majority of the tumours were of the clear cell RCC subtype (48 including 2 cystic RCC). Mutation screening of the 3 <it>VHL </it>coding exons was carried out. A descriptive analysis was performed to compare exposed and non exposed cases of clear cell RCC in terms of prevalence of mutations in both groups.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In the 48 cases of RCC, four <it>VHL </it>mutations were detected: within exon 1 (c.332G>A, p.Ser111Asn), at the exon 2 splice site (c.463+1G>C and c.463+2T>C) and within exon 3 (c.506T>C, p.Leu169Pro).</p> <p>No difference was observed regarding the frequency of mutations in exposed versus unexposed groups: among the clear cell RCC, 25 had been exposed to TCE and 23 had no history of occupational exposure to TCE. Two patients with a mutation were identified in each group.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study does not confirm the association between the number and type of <it>VHL </it>gene mutations and exposure to TCE previously described.</p

Mortality from lung cancer in workers exposed to sulfur dioxide in the pulp and paper industry.

Our objective in this study was to evaluate the mortality of workers exposed to sulfur dioxide in the pulp and paper industry. The cohort included 57,613 workers employed for at least 1 year in the pulp and paper industry in 12 countries. We assessed exposure to SO(2) at the level of mill and department, using industrial hygiene measurement data and information from company questionnaires; 40,704 workers were classified as exposed to SO(2). We conducted a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) analysis based on age-specific and calendar period-specific national mortality rates. We also conducted a Poisson regression analysis to determine the dose-response relations between SO(2) exposure and cancer mortality risks and to explore the effect of potential confounding factors. The SMR analysis showed a moderate deficit of all causes of death [SMR = 0.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.87-0.96] among exposed workers. Lung cancer mortality was marginally increased among exposed workers (SMR = 1.08; 95% CI, 0.98-1.18). After adjustment for occupational coexposures, the lung cancer risk was increased compared with unexposed workers (rate ratio = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.14-1.96). There was a suggestion of a positive relationship between weighted cumulative SO(2) exposure and lung cancer mortality (p-value of test for linear trend = 0.009 among all exposed workers; p = 0.3 among workers with high exposure). Neither duration of exposure nor time since first exposure was associated with lung cancer mortality. Mortality from non-Hodgkin lymphoma and from leukemia was increased among workers with high SO(2) exposure; a dose-response relationship with cumulative SO(2) exposure was suggested for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. For the other causes of death, there was no evidence of increased mortality associated with exposure to SO(2). Although residual confounding may have occurred, our results suggest that occupational exposure to SO(2) in the pulp and paper industry may be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer

Mécanisation de la culture du manioc en Guyane : essais de la souleveuse API, modification et essais de la planteuse, 29 octobre - 22 novembre 1984

But de la mission : - tester en vraie grandeur la souleveuse A.P.I. de maniere a determiner avec exactitude les temps de travaux et le cout a l'hectare de la recolte avec cette machine - achever les transformations de la planteuse a manioc 2 rangs GMD MOUZON de maniere a pouvoir planter les boutures horizontalement en sommet de billon, et de realiser les premiers essais afin de calculer, egalement pour cette machine les temps de travaux et le cout a l'hectar

Mécanisation de la culture du manioc en Guyane : mise au point du rotobroyeur Nicolas MD 15 monté à l'avant d'un tracteur Renault 851-4S Turbo, montage et essais d'un kit andaineur animé sur la souleveuse A.P.I.

Objet de la mission : mise au point définitive du rotobroyeur Nicolas MD15 monté à l'avant d'un tracteur. Ce matériel est destiné au broyage des parties aériennes du manioc avant le soulevage des tubercules. L'embrayage avant, jugé trop faible dès les premières expériences, a été modifié et un kit andaineur animé a été adapté sur la souleveuse AP

Mécanisation de la culture du manioc en Guyane : premiers essais du rotobroyeur NICOLAS MD15 monté à l'avant d'un tracteur RENAULT 851-4S TURBO : 14 novembre - 13 décembre 1985

Buts de la mission effectuée en Guyane portant sur la mécanisation de la culture du manioc: _ monter l'attelage avant TE 2000 TRACT EQUIPEMENT, _ remise en état du tracteur RENAULT, la butteuse RCM, la planteuse MOUZON modifiée CEEMAT _ montage du broyeur NICOLAS MD15 et essai

Exposition professionnelle au trichloroéthylène et risque de cancer du col utérin

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

La Pathologie professionnelle du percussionniste (revue bibliographique et étude sur la survenue de troubles musculo-squelettiques)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF