Searching for Breakdowns on the Diversion Routes from SEN Tribunals: An Exploration of Disagreement Resolution Processes

Study One: Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunals (SENDIST) provide independent adjudication of parental appeals against Local Authority (LA) decisions. The Parent Partnership Service (PPS) and Disagreement Resolution Services (DRS) are both arranged to reduce disagreements and, specifically, to prevent tribunals. Study One aimed to explore parental experiences of Local Disagreement Resolution Services (LDRSs) including the PPS and DRS. A secondary aim of Study One was to identify barriers to and facilitators of disagreement resolution from a parental perspective. Methods: Study One utilised semi-structured interviews as a means of exploring seven parents' experiences and constructs. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis in order to specify key themes relating to the resolution of disagreements about SEN. Results: Parents reported a sense of embattlement with the Local Authority that appeared to act as a barrier to the resolution of disagreements. Parents also identified a number of facilitators of disagreement resolution including: Feeling 'listened to'; Having access to a 'legitimate decision-maker'; and becoming better informed. A number of barriers to disagreement resolution were also reported, including but not limited to: a perception that no one is listening to them; a perception that LA staff lack independence; a perception that the LA cannot be trusted to deliver SEN provision. Study Two:Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunals (SENDIST) provide independent adjudication of parental appeals against Local Authority (LA) decisions. The Parent Partnership Service (PPS) and Disagreement Resolution Services (DRS) are both arranged to reduce disagreements and, specifically, to prevent tribunals. Study Two aimed to explore experiences of professionals working within Local Disagreement Resolution Services (LDRSs) including the PPS and DRS. A secondary aim of Study Two was to identify barriers to and facilitators of disagreement resolution from a professional perspective. A final aim of Study Two was to synthesise the perceptions reported by professionals in Study Two with those reported by parents in Study One. Methods: Study Two utilised semi-structured interviews as a means of exploring six LA-employed professionals' experiences and constructs. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis in order to specify key themes relating to the resolution of disagreements about SEN. Findings emerging from Study Two were integrated with findings from Study One using the themes generated through thematic analysis. Results: Professionals reported a number of parental factors that were perceived to act as a barrier to disagreement resolution. These included but were not limited to: weak understanding of SEN systems and a lack of confidence to engage in mediation processes. Professionals did not identify any parental factors perceived to be conducive to disagreement resolution. A smaller number of facilitators of disagreement resolution were reported, including: early intervention; and face-to-face meetings. Synthesis of findings from Studies One and Two resulted in the creation of clusters of themes that can inform future policy and practice. Findings from Studies One and Two indicate that disagreement resolution is best supported where Local Authorities can promote: collaboration, information-sharing, and reassurance for parents

Catchment Forestry in Tanzania. Status and Management

The report is a conultancy for NORAD (Norwegian Agency for International Development) and Forest Division of the Tanzania Ministry of Lands, Natural Resources and Tourism. The report gives and overview over catcment forests i Tanzania, the Catchment Forestry Project and recommendation on catchment forest management.Catchment Forestry in Tanzania. Status and ManagementpublishedVersio

Investigations of slow and fast Coronal Mass Ejections and their associated activities in Solar Cycle 24

Intensive flare (>M5.0 X-ray class) associated Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), during 2008- 2013 in solar cycle 24, are separated into two groups based on CME speed.  Group-I contains 31 CME events with speed below 900 km/s and Group-II contains 27 CME events with speed above 900 km/s.    (i) The mean CME speeds of Groups I and II are found to be  558 km/s and 1629 km/s, and the mean CME width of the Group-II  is slightly higher than the Group-I.  The CMEs of Group-II are highly decelerated than the CMEs of Group-I. (ii) The rise time and duration of intensive flares of Group-II is slightly greater than those of Group-I. (iii) While 60% of Group-I events are located on the southern hemisphere, 85% of Group-II events are located on the northern hemisphere. (iv) The number of Halos, DH type IIs, SEP events associated with Group-II are respectively 2, 3 and 6 times that of Group-I. (v) Utilizing the density models of suitably connecting the corona and interplanetary medium, the shock formation height of DH type radio bursts are found to be in the height range 2- 6 Rs and the maximum estimated distance of shock are found to be in the height range 16 -215 Rs. (vi) The mean shock speed of Group I and Group II events (599 km/s and 1359 km/s) are in agreement with the CME speed

Investigations of slow and fast coronal mass ejections and their associated activities in Solar cycle 24

113-121<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-GB">The present papers compares the properties of slow and fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs) associated with intensive flare (>M5.0 X-ray class) during 2008-2013 in solar cycle 24. The CMEs are separated into two groups based on speed: Group I containing 31 CME events with speed below 900 km s-1 and Group II containing 27 CME events with speed above 900 km s-1. The mean CME speeds of Groups I and II are found to be 558 and 1629 km s-1, respectively and the mean CME width of the Group II is slightly higher than Group I. The CMEs of Group II are highly decelerated than the CMEs of Group I. It is found that the rise time and duration of intensive flares of Group II is slightly greater than those of Group I. While 60% of Group I events are located on the southern hemisphere, 85% of Group II events are located on the northern hemisphere. Further, the number of halos, DH type IIs, Solar energetic particle (SEP) events associated with Group II are 2, 3 and 6 times, respectively that of Group I. Utilizing the density models of suitably connecting the corona and interplanetary medium, the shock formation height of DH type radio bursts are found to be in the height range 2-6 R⊙ and the maximum estimated distance of shock are found to be in the height range 16-215 R⊙<span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-bidi-font-family:mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:hi"="" lang="EN-GB">. The mean shock speed of Group I and Group II events (599 and 1359 km s-1, respectively) are in agreement with the CME speed. On comparison of slow and fast events, the faster events are found to be mostly decelerated, mostly associated with stronger storms, more number of DH type II bursts and SEPs.</span

Insertion-Deletion Polymorphism in the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Gene Among Sudanese, Somalis, Emiratis, and Omanis

The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene in humans contains an insertion-deletion polymorphism in its intron 16. Because of its involvement with the renin-angiotensin system, the insertion-deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene has been widely investigated in different populations and in case-control studies. However, similar studies for Arab populations are limited in number. Therefore we have investigated the frequencies of the *I and *D alleles of the ACE gene among Sudanese, Somalis, and Arab nationals of the United Arab Emirates and Oman using previously described methods. Our data indicate a preponderance of the *D allele among the Arab and African populations studied (Sudanese, 0.64; Somalis, 0.73; Emiratis, 0.61; and Omanis, 0.71)

Widely Acclaimed but Lowly Utilized: Congruencing ODL Utilization with Its Wide Acclaim.

publishedVersio

Catchment Forestry in Tanzania. Status and Management

The report is a conultancy for NORAD (Norwegian Agency for International Development) and Forest Division of the Tanzania Ministry of Lands, Natural Resources and Tourism. The report gives and overview over catcment forests i Tanzania, the Catchment Forestry Project and recommendation on catchment forest management

Near-real-time 3D Reconstruction of the Solar Coronal Parameters Based on the Magnetohydrodynamic Algorithm outside a Sphere Using Deep Learning

For the first time, we generate solar coronal parameters (density, magnetic field, radial velocity, and temperature) on a near-real-time basis by deep learning. For this, we apply the Pix2PixCC deep-learning model to three-dimensional (3D) distributions of these parameters: synoptic maps of the photospheric magnetic field as an input and the magnetohydrodynamic algorithm outside a sphere (MAS) results as an output. To generate the 3D structure of the solar coronal parameters from 1 to 30 solar radii, we train and evaluate 152 distinct deep-learning models. For each parameter, we consider the data of 169 Carrington rotations from 2010 June to 2023 February: 132 for training and 37 for testing. The key findings of our study are as follows: First, our deep-learning models successfully reconstruct the 3D distributions of coronal parameters from 1 to 30 solar radii with an average correlation coefficient of 0.98. Second, during the solar active and quiet periods, the AI-generated data exhibits consistency with the target MAS simulation data. Third, our deep-learning models for each parameter took a remarkably short time (about 16 s for each parameter) to generate the results with an NVIDIA Titan XP GPU. As the MAS simulation is a regularization model, we may significantly reduce the simulation time by using our results as an initial configuration to obtain an equilibrium condition. We hope that the generated 3D solar coronal parameters can be used for the near-real-time forecasting of heliospheric propagation of solar eruptions