1,358 research outputs found
"Ordinary, the same as anywhere else": notes on the management of spoiled identity in 'marginal' middle class neighbourhoods
Urban sociologists are becoming increasingly interested in neighbourhood as a source of middle-class identity. Particular emphasis is currently being given to two types of middle-class neighbourhood; gentrified urban neighbourhoods of âdistinctionâ and inconspicuous âsuburban landscapes of privilegeâ. However, there has been a dearth of work on âmarginalâ middle-class neighbourhoods that are similarly âinconspicuousâ rather than distinctive, but less exclusive, thus containing sources of âspoiled identityâ. This article draws on data gathered from two âmarginalâ middleclass neighbourhoods that contained a particular source of âspoiled identityâ: social renters. Urban sociological analyses of neighbour responses to these situations highlight a process of dis-identification with the maligned object, which exacerbates neighbour differences. Our analysis of data from the âmarginalâ middle-class neighbourhoods suggests something entirely different and Goffmanesque. This entailed the management of spoiled identity, which emphasized similarities rather than differences between neighbours.</p
Observational diagnostics of gas in protoplanetary disks
Protoplanetary disks are composed primarily of gas (99% of the mass).
Nevertheless, relatively few observational constraints exist for the gas in
disks. In this review, I discuss several observational diagnostics in the UV,
optical, near-IR, mid-IR, and (sub)-mm wavelengths that have been employed to
study the gas in the disks of young stellar objects. I concentrate in
diagnostics that probe the inner 20 AU of the disk, the region where planets
are expected to form. I discuss the potential and limitations of each gas
tracer and present prospects for future research.Comment: Review written for the proceedings of the conference "Origin and
Evolution of Planets 2008", Ascona, Switzerland, June 29 - July 4, 2008. Date
manuscript: October 2008. 17 Pages, 6 graphics, 134 reference
Real-space local polynomial basis for solid-state electronic-structure calculations: A finite-element approach
We present an approach to solid-state electronic-structure calculations based
on the finite-element method. In this method, the basis functions are strictly
local, piecewise polynomials. Because the basis is composed of polynomials, the
method is completely general and its convergence can be controlled
systematically. Because the basis functions are strictly local in real space,
the method allows for variable resolution in real space; produces sparse,
structured matrices, enabling the effective use of iterative solution methods;
and is well suited to parallel implementation. The method thus combines the
significant advantages of both real-space-grid and basis-oriented approaches
and so promises to be particularly well suited for large, accurate ab initio
calculations. We develop the theory of our approach in detail, discuss
advantages and disadvantages, and report initial results, including the first
fully three-dimensional electronic band structures calculated by the method.Comment: replacement: single spaced, included figures, added journal referenc
Acclimation to short-term low temperatures in two Eucalyptus globulus clones with contrasting drought resistance
We tested the hypothesis that Eucalyptus
globulus Labill. genotypes that are more resistant to dry
environments might also exhibit higher cold tolerances
than drought-sensitive plants. The effect of low temperatures
was evaluated in acclimated and unacclimated
ramets of a drought-resistant clone (CN5) and a
drought-sensitive clone (ST51) of E. globulus. We
studied the plantsâ response via leaf gas exchanges, leaf
water and osmotic potentials, concentrations of soluble
sugars, several antioxidant enzymes and leaf electrolyte
leakage. Progressively lowering air temperatures (from
24/16 to 10/ 2 C, day/night) led to acclimation of both
clones. Acclimated ramets exhibited higher photosynthetic
rates, stomatal conductances and lower membrane
relative injuries when compared to unacclimated ramets.
Moreover, low temperatures led to significant increases
of soluble sugars and antioxidant enzymes activity
(glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide
dismutases) of both clones in comparison to plants
grown at control temperature (24/16 C). On the other
hand, none of the clones, either acclimated or not,
exhibited signs of photoinhibition under low temperatures
and moderate light. The main differences in the
responses to low temperatures between the two clones
resulted mainly from differences in carbon metabolism,
including a higher accumulation of soluble sugars in the
drought-resistant clone CN5 as well as a higher capacity
for osmotic regulation, as compared to the droughtsensitive
clone ST51. Although membrane injury data
suggested that both clones had the same inherent
freezing tolerance before and after cold acclimation,
the results also support the hypothesis that the droughtresistant
clone had a greater cold tolerance at intermediate
levels of acclimation than the drought-sensitive
clone. A higher capacity to acclimate in a short period
can allow a clone to maintain an undamaged leaf surface
area along sudden frost events, increasing growt
Charge-Symmetry Violation in Pion Scattering from Three-Body Nuclei
We discuss the experimental and theoretical status of charge-symmetry
violation (CSV) in the elastic scattering of pi+ and pi- on 3H and 3He.
Analysis of the experimental data for the ratios r1, r2, and R at Tpi = 142,
180, 220, and 256 MeV provides evidence for the presence of CSV. We describe
pion scattering from the three-nucleon system in terms of single- and
double-scattering amplitudes. External and internal Coulomb interactions as
well as the Delta-mass splitting are taken into account as sources of CSV.
Reasonable agreement between our theoretical calculations and the experimental
data is obtained for Tpi = 180, 220, and 256 MeV. For these energies, it is
found that the Delta-mass splitting and the internal Coulomb interaction are
the most important contributions for CSV in the three-nucleon system. The CSV
effects are rather sensitive to the choice of pion-nuclear scattering
mechanisms, but at the same time, our theoretical predictions are much less
sensitive to the choice of the nuclear wave function. It is found, however,
that data for r2 and R at Tpi = 142 MeV do not agree with the predictions of
our model, which may indicate that there are additional mechanisms for CSV
which are important only at lower energies.Comment: 26 pages of RevTeX, 16 postscript figure
Papers presented at the IEEE 14th Symposium on Fusion Engineering by the Alcator C-MOD engineering staff, Oct. 1991
Elastic electron deuteron scattering with consistent meson exchange and relativistic contributions of leading order
The influence of relativistic contributions to elastic electron deuteron
scattering is studied systematically at low and intermediate momentum transfers
( fm). In a -expansion, all leading order
relativistic -exchange contributions consistent with the Bonn OBEPQ models
are included. In addition, static heavy meson exchange currents including boost
terms and lowest order -currents are considered. Sizeable
effects from the various relativistic two-body contributions, mainly from
-exchange, have been found in form factors, structure functions and the
tensor polarization . Furthermore, static properties, viz. magnetic
dipole and charge quadrupole moments and the mean square charge radius are
evaluated.Comment: 15 pages Latex including 5 figures, final version accepted for
publication in Phys.Rev.C Details of changes: (i) The notation of the curves
in Figs. 1 and 2 have been clarified with respect to left and right panels.
(ii) In Figs. 3 and 4 an experimental point for T_20 has been added and a
corresponding reference [48] (iii) At the end of the text we have added a
paragraph concerning the quality of the Bonn OBEPQ potential
Point sets on the sphere with small spherical cap discrepancy
In this paper we study the geometric discrepancy of explicit constructions of
uniformly distributed points on the two-dimensional unit sphere. We show that
the spherical cap discrepancy of random point sets, of spherical digital nets
and of spherical Fibonacci lattices converges with order . Such point
sets are therefore useful for numerical integration and other computational
simulations. The proof uses an area-preserving Lambert map. A detailed analysis
of the level curves and sets of the pre-images of spherical caps under this map
is given
DXA-derived hip shape is related to osteoarthritis:findings from in the MrOS cohort
BF conducted this research whilst on a clinical research primer fellowship awarded by the Elizabeth Blackwell Institute, University of Bristol, UK. This study was funded by Arthritis Research UK project grant ref 20244. CG is funded by Arthritis Research UK grant ref 20000. The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study is supported by National Institutes of Health funding. The following institutes provide support: the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research under the following grant numbers: R01 AR052000, K24 AR048841, U01 AG027810, U01 AG042124, U01 AG042139, U01 AG042140, U01 AG042143, U01 AG042145, U01 AG042168, U01 AR066160, and UL1 TR000128.Peer reviewedPostprin
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