Hava örneklerindeki, bazı uçucu organik bileşiklerin (VOC), iğne tuzaklı örnekleme (NTD) sistemi ile saptanması

Uçucu organik bileşikler (VOC'ler) iç ortam atmosferinin ana kirleticileri arasındadır ve solunum ve diğer vücut sistemleri için önemli sağlık riskleri vardır. Bu çalışmada, iç ortam havasında BTEX tayini için, kullanımı kolay iğne tuzağı bazlı bir yöntem geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, ticari olarak temin edilebilen çok yataklı (PDMS / Carbopack-X / Carboxen-1000 ile paketlenmiş) iğne tuzaklı örnekleme sistemi (NTD) kullanıldı. NTD'nin performansı, BTEX (benzen, toluen, etilbenzen ve ksilenler) olarak bilinen grubun ve diğer bazı VOC'lerin analizi için bir alev iyonizasyon dedektörü (GC-FID) ile donatılmış gaz kromatografisi (GC) kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Örnekleme sıcaklığı, desorpsiyon süresi, örnekleme akış hızı, örnekleme hacmi ve bağıl nem gibi bazı analiz parametreleri optimize edildi. Her bileşik için oluşturulan kalibrasyon eğrileri 0.002-0.030 mg m-3 aralığında iyi bir doğrusallık sergilemiştir ve incelenen analitlerin belirtme (LOD) ve saptama (LOQ) sınırları sırasıyla 0.008 ve 0.993 mg m-3 olarak bulunmuştur. Geliştirilen yöntemin kesinliğini değerlendirmek için gün içi, günler arası ve NTD’den NTD’ye bağıl standart sapmalar (% RSD) hesaplanmış ve sırasıyla hedef analitler için % 1.4-5.3;%3.5-6.9 ve % 5.5-9.9 aralığında bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, hedeflenen VOC'lerin iç ortam havasında düşük seviyelerde, geliştirilen yöntemle kolayca ve ekonomik olarak analiz edilebileceğini göstermektedir.Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are among the main pollutants of the indoor atmosphere and they have important health risks for respiratory and other body systems. In this study, it was aimed to develop an in-house, easy to use needle trap-based method for the determination of BTEX in the indoor atmosphere. For this purpose, commercially available a multi-bed (packed with PDMS/Carbopack-X/Carboxen-1000) needle trap device (NTD) was utilized. The performance of NTD was investigated for the analysis of the group widely known as BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) and other some VOCs by using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Some analysis parameters, namely sampling temperature, desorption time, sampling flow rate, sampling volume, and relative humidity were optimized. The calibration curve displayed good linearity in the range of 0.002-0.030 mg m-3 for targeted compounds, and the limits of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of the studied analytes were found 0.008 and 0.993 mg m-3, respectively. To evaluate the precision of the developed method, the intraday, inter-day, and needle–to–needle relative standard deviations (RSD%) were calculated and found to be in the range of 1.4-5.3%, 3.5-6.9%, and 5.5-9.9% respectively for the targetted analytes. The results show that low levels of targeted VOCs can be analyzed in indoor atmosphere easily and economically by the developed method

Aminophosphine-palladium(II) complexes: Synthsesis, structure and applications in Suzuki and Heck cross-coupling reactions

Reaction of furfurylamine with 1 or 2 equivalents of PPh2Cl in the presence of Et3N, proceeds under anaerobic conditions in thf to give furfuryl-2-(N-diphenylphosphino)amine, Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3O, 1 and furfuryl-2-(N,N-bis(diphenylphosphino)amine), (Ph2P)(2)NCH2-C4H3O, 2, respectively. The reactions of 1 and 2 with MCl2(cod) (M = Pd, Pt; cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) or Pt(CH3)(2)(cod) yield complexes [M(Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3O)(2)Cl-2] (M= Pd 1a, Pt 1b), [Pt(Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3O)(2)(CH3)(2)] (1c), and [M((Ph2P)(2) NCH2-C4H3O)Cl-2] (M= Pd 2a, Pt 2b), [Pt((Ph2P)(2)NCH2-C4H3O)(CH3)(2)] (2c), respectively. All the compounds were isolated as analytically pure substances and characterized by NMR, IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Representative solid-state structures of 2a and 2b were also determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction technique. Furthermore, the palladium complexes 1a and 2a were tested and found to be highly active catalysts in the Suzuki coupling and Heck reaction affording biphenyls and trans-stilbenes, respectively

Development of a new needle trap-based method for the determination of some volatile organic compounds in the indoor environment

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are a large group of chemicals mostly found in indoor environments such as homes and workplaces. Long term exposure to certain VOCs can cause symptoms in some individuals and therefore, monitoring and controlling air quality can help better manage chronic respiratory diseases. In this study, we aimed to develop an easy-to-use, economical, in house needle trapbased methodology to detect certain VOCs to be used for public and occupational health. For this purpose, a multi-bed (packed with PDMS/Carbopack-X/Carboxen-1000) needle trap device (NTD) was utilized for sampling, enrichment, and injection of the VOCs into the gas chromatography. The performance of the developed method was investigated for the analysis of the group known as BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene). Operational and instrumental parameters such as sampling flow rate and relative humidity, desorption time and temperature were optimized, and the analytical figures of merit of the proposed method have indicated that very low levels of BTEX in air samples can be easily determined by this new method. Overall results have shown that multi-bed NTD offers a high sensitive procedure for sampling and analysis of BTEX in concentration range of 0.002-0.298 mg/m(3) in indoor air. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.TUBITAK (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) [116S196]; Ege University Scientific Research Council [15-TIP-74]; Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Prevention of ExposureRelated Noncommunicable Diseases (DiMoPEx) EUCOST Action [CA15129]Ege University Translational Pulmonology Research Group [EgeTPAG] Study. This study is one of the spin-off projects of CA15129-Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Prevention of ExposureRelated Noncommunicable Diseases (DiMoPEx) EUCOST Action. Project is funded by TUBITAK (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) with project number 116S196 (Determination Of Molecular Asthma Endotypes By Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds and Peripheral Blood Microrna Biomarkers [Voc/MirnaEndotip] Study) and by Ege University Scientific Research Council with project number 15-TIP-74

A Recurrent Mutation in the ARS (Component B) Gene Encoding SLURP-1 in Turkish Families with Mal de Meleda: Evidence of a Founder Effect

6 páginas, 2 figuras.Mal de Meleda is a rare form of palmoplantar keratoderma, and recently mutations in the ARS (component) B gene have been identified in families with this disease. We identified a recurrent nonsense mutation, R96X, in four families of Turkish descent. In this report, we demonstrate that these families share a common ancestral haplotype at the mal de Meleda locus, suggesting a founder effect.This work was supported in part by the Dermatology Foundation (J.T.C.), the Waterbor Burn and Cancer Foundation (J.T.C.), the Irving Center for Clinical Research at Columbia University (J.T.C.), and USPHS NIH RO1AR44924 (A.M.C.).Peer reviewe

Organometallic ruthenium, rhodium and iridium complexes containing a P-bound thiophene-2-(N-diphenylphosphino)methylamine ligand: Synthesis, molecular structure and catalytic activity

Reaction of Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3S with [Ru(eta(6)-p-cymene)(mu-Cl)Cl](2), [Ru(eta(6)-benzene)(mu-Cl)Cl](2), [Rh(mu-Cl)(cod)](2) and [Ir(eta(5)-C5Me5)(mu-Cl)Cl](2) yields complexes [Ru(Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3S)(eta(6)-p-cymene)Cl-2], 1, [Ru(Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3S)(eta(6)-benzene)Cl-2], 2, [Rh(Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3S)(cod)Cl], 3 and [Ir(Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3S)(eta(5)-C5Me5)Cl-2], 4, respectively. All complexes were isolated from the reaction solution and fully characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods. The structure of [Ru(Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3S)(eta(6)-benzene)Cl-2], 2 was also determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. 1-4 are suitable precursors forming highly active catalyst in the transfer hydrogenation of a variety of simple ketones. Notably, the catalysts obtained by using the ruthenium complexes [Ru(Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3S)(eta(6)-p-cymene)Cl-2], 1 and [Ru(Ph2PNHCH2-C4H3S)(eta(6)-benzene)Cl-2], 2 are much more active in the transfer hydrogenation converting the carbonyls to the corresponding alcohols in 98-99% yields (TOF <= 200 h(-1)) in comparison to analogous rhodium and iridium complexes

Is European Medicines Agency (EMA) sepsis criteria accurate for neonatal sepsis diagnosis or do we need new criteria?

BackgroundCurrently, there is a lack of clear definition for neonatal sepsis. The Pediatric Committee of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) developed consensus criteria to ensure a standardization for neonatal sepsis definition. However, there is no evidence supporting the accuracy of the EMA sepsis criteria in neonatal sepsis diagnosis. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of EMA sepsis criteria for proven neonatal sepsis.MethodsA multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted from October 2015 to November 2018. Infants with a gestational age over 34th weeks, diagnosed with clinical sepsis and received antibiotics according to the EMA criteria or experienced neonatologists' opinion were included. Blood culture or multiplex real time-PCR or 16S-rRNA positive infants were accepted as "proven sepsis". The predictive performance of EMA criteria for proven sepsis was evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve measures of receiver operator characteristic curves. Data-mining methods were used for further analysis.ResultsAmong the 245 included infants, the EMA criteria were positive in 97 infants (39.6%), while proven sepsis was diagnosed in 113 infants (46.1%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the EMA criteria for proven sepsis were 44.2% (95%CI: 34.9-53.9), 64.4% (95%CI: 55.6-72.5), 55.1% (95%CI: 46.6-59.4) respectively. None of the clinical and laboratory parameters had sufficient performance individually in terms of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy measures. The diagnostic performance was similar when different clinical findings were added to the EMA sepsis criteria or assessment of the score was interpreted in different ways.ConclusionsResults highlighted that clinician opinion and standard laboratory tests are limited in the neonatal sepsis diagnosis. The EMA criteria also did not efficiently meet the diagnostic accuracy measures for neonatal sepsis. A predictive sepsis definition and rapid bedside point-of care tests are urgently needed