Localization and Fluctuations in Quantum Kicked Rotors

We address the issue of fluctuations, about an exponential lineshape, in a pair of one-dimensional kicked quantum systems exhibiting dynamical localization. An exact renormalization scheme establishes the fractal character of the fluctuations and provides a new method to compute the localization length in terms of the fluctuations. In the case of a linear rotor, the fluctuations are independent of the kicking parameter $k$ and exhibit self-similarity for certain values of the quasienergy. For given $k$, the asymptotic localization length is a good characteristic of the localized lineshapes for all quasienergies. This is in stark contrast to the quadratic rotor, where the fluctuations depend upon the strength of the kicking and exhibit local "resonances". These resonances result in strong deviations of the localization length from the asymptotic value. The consequences are particularly pronounced when considering the time evolution of a packet made up of several quasienergy states.Comment: REVTEV Document. 9 pages, 4 figures submitted to PR

A standardized pipeline for isolation and assembly of genomes from symbiotic bacteria in whole louse genomic sequence data.

Many insects are known to harbour intracellular and heritable bacteria (endosymbionts), which provide their hosts with adaptive traits. Whole insect gDNA shotgun sequencing projects often sequence the genome of endosymbiont, in addition to the insect’s genome. There are approximately 600 whole genome shotgun libraries from insects available on the public repository (NCBI), which can be mined to obtain endosymbiont genomes. The assembly and annotation of endosymbiont genomes can contribute towards the exploration of their role as obligate symbiotic partners. However, de novo assembly of an endosymbiont genome, continues to be challenging, when the host and/or enteric bacterial gDNA is present in the library as well. So far, whole genome sequence data has been mined by investigators, who manually interrogate the data at multiple steps, a process that is time consuming and difficult to replicate. Here I developed and evaluated a novel strategy that reduces intervention required by the researcher. The strategy consists of two steps: 1) filtering of de novo assembled endosymbiont contigs using Blastn search against a custom reference database and 2) reconstruction of the genome through de novo assembly of reads associated with filtered contigs. Illumina HiSeq libraries were simulated in silico and the pipeline was deployed using the simulated data to test the efficacy of the method. The mean endosymbiont genome recovery from simulated data was 91.27% with a range of 100%-76%. When the method was tested with “real” whole louse shotgun sequencing libraries obtained from a public repository, the results were mixed. The strategy was accurate in contig selection when the louse contained an endosymbiont which had a small genome enriched for AT bases, with a mean percent genome recovery of 98.38% and the range of 100% - 95.88%. However, in other cases involving symbionts with larger genomes, the resulting genomes appeared to be incomplete and require further evaluation

A Study of the Phytochemical Properties and Synergistic Antibacterial Activity of Annona comosus (LINN) Merr. Peel and Citrus senensis Peel Extracts on Aeromonas hydrophila and Salmonella species.

In Nigerian traditional medicine, the combination of A. comosus and C. senensis peels has antibacterial effect against typhoid fever and diarrhoea due to Aeromonas hydrophila. A. comosus and C. senensis peels were extracted using percolation method and ethanol solvent. The antibacterial potential of ethanolic extract of A. comosus and C. senensis peels were investigated by disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening using standard procedures. This study was aimed at verifying the synergistic effects of the two plant extracts against some clinical isolates: six Salmonella paratyphi B, one S. typhi and three A. hydrophila. The antibacterial activity of the combined extracts was 7-12mm and from 15- 42mm for the standard antibiotic disc. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the combined extracts was 0.25-12.50mg/ml while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 0.50-50.00mg/ml. Phytochemical investigation of the extracts revealed the presence secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids and phytosterols in C. senensis peels while alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and phytosterols were found in A. comosus peels. In-vitro antibacterial potential was confirmed and no synergism was demonstrated at a combination ratio of 1:1 of the extracts tested (P = 0.05).Keywords: - Anti-bacterial, Annona comosus, Citrus senensis, synergism, Extract

1,3-Bis(1-adamant­yl)imidazolium tetra­chloridoferrate(III)

The crystal structure of the title compound, (C23H33N2)[FeCl4], consists of 1,3-bis­(1-adamant­yl)imidazolium (BAIM) cations and tetra­hedral tetra­chloridoferrate(III) (TCF) anions. The BAIM cation possesses m symmetry, with the central imidazole ring and four C atoms of each terminal adamantyl group located on a mirror plane. The Fe and two Cl atoms of the TCF anion are also located on the mirror plane. The cyclo­hexane rings of the adamantyl groups adopt normal chair conformations

Reliability Analysis of a Two Dissimilar Unit Cold Standby System with Three Modes Using Kolmogorov Forward Equation Method

Reliability is an important area that is receiving attention globally. This paper studies reliability analysis of a two-dissimilar-unit cold standby system with three modes using Kolmogorov forward equation’s method, in which its reliability and availability analysis are evaluated. This proposed system has been investigated under three modes: normal, partial failure, total failure. The failure and the repair time are assumed to have exponential distribution. The effect of failure rate on meantime to system failure (MTSF ), steady state availability ( AT (∞) ) and the profit function PF(∞) of the system are compared. It was found thatMTSF , AT (∞) , and PF(∞) are decreasing with the increase of the failure rate.Keywords: Cost analysis, Meantime to System Failure, Steady State Availability and Kolmogorov forward equation

Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Healthy and Leaf Curl Virus Infected Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) Leaves

The present investigation deals with the determination of phytochemical constituents of healthy and leaf curl virus infected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves. Specimens were collected from Koraye in Zaria and transported to the Herbarium unit for proper authentication. Healthy and curl leaves of Solanum lycopersicum were washed thoroughly three times with running tap water and once with sterile distilled water, air dried at temperature on a sterile blotter. After complete drying, young leaves were pulverized. The powdered material was weighed and kept in air tight container in dark place for further extraction procedure. Extraction was done by methanol method, where 100g each of pulverized powder of both healthy and infected Solanum lycopersicum leaves was put in a cornical flask and (1000ml) of measuring cylinder was used to measure 500ml of 70% methanol. The results obtained from the qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of; Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tanins, Cardiac glycosides, Phenols and Saponins in both healthy and infected leaves of Solanum lycopersicum and the absence of; Carbohydrates, Steroids and Anthroquinone in both healthy and infected leaves of Solanum lycopersicum. While the quantitative analysis revealed the presence of 8.2% and 3.8% Alkaloids, 49.6% and 48.2% Flavonoids, 30.6% and 19.99%, Tanins 30.6% and 19.9%, Phenols 13.6% and 7.022% Saponins 1.2% and 0.1% in both healthy and infected leaf curl of Solanum lycopersicum. Evidently, from the above investigation there are no reducing sugars in Solanum lycopersicum leaves and there are metabolites in some healthy and infected leaf curl of Solanum lycopersicum leaves

Autism, surge in the prevalence and linkage with childhood vaccination - A Review

Autism a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by an abnormal child behaviour likeisolation, learning difficulties, general abnormality in communication and social reciprocity, inability to maintain eye contact or point at something, looking at thing with the peripheral vision and many other neurological disorders, the aetiology of autism is multifactorial including among other social, environmental, genetics, epigenetics andneurological factors, in recent years vaccines have drawn large interest of scientific community for its asserted role in the development of autism, this is largely due to the presence in higher concentration of a mercury containing compound thimerosal in many vaccines, and due to some evidence which link some vaccines including measles, mumps and rubella vaccines with autism, moreover several authentic scientific studies wereundertaken to falsified those findings. Here we critically review those assertion, examined some implicating component of vaccine and relate them with neurobiology of autism

1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropyl­phen­yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium triiodide

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C27H39N2 +·I3 −, the imidazolidinium ring is perpendicular to a mirror plane which bis­ects the cation. The dihedral angle between the imidazolidinium ring and the benzene ring is 89.0 (2)°. The triiodide anion also lies on a mirror plane and is almost linear with an I—I—I bond angle of 178.309 (18)°