Effect of chloride and sulfate ions on the advanced photo Fenton and modified photo Fenton degradation process of Alizarin Red S

The degradation of Alizarin Red S (ARS) was carried out by heterogeneous advanced photo Fenton processes (HAPFP) of the type Fe0/H 2O2/UV and heterogeneous modified photo Fenton process (HMPFP) of the type Fe0/ammonium persulfate (APS)/UV. The influence of various reaction parameters like pH, catalyst loading, concentration of the oxidants and the influence of inorganic anions such as Chloride (Cl-) and Sulfate (SO42-) ions on processes were investigated. Quenching of the hydroxyl radical by inorganic anions was confirmed by the decrease in the degradation rate constant for the HAPFP from 3.33 � 10-2 to 0.19 à 10-2 (for Cl- (1 M)) and 0.29 à 10-2 min-1 (for SO42- (1 M)). Similar decrease in rate constant for HMPFP is from 4.67 à 10 -2 to 0.41 à 10-2(for Cl- (1 M)) and 0.51 à 10-2 min-1 (for SO42- (1 M)) process. The combined effect of concentration of sulfate and chloride ions on the rate constant for the degradation of ARS with APS and H2O 2 as oxidants is investigated. The initial degradation mechanism involves the cleavage of a quinone group to catechol as detected by UV-visible and GC-MS analysis. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Effect of Dilatancy Angle on Bearing Capacity

In Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, the angle of shearing resistance of soil is assumed to be constant along the slip plane. However, over the second half of the last century, it is well recognized that the dilatancy angle influences the shear strength of sand. Many researchers have proposed correlations between the angle of shearing resistance at peak state in terms of intrinsic soil variables and soil state variables. Studies on the effect of dilatancy angle of soil, ψ, on the load-settlement response of a strip footing are available in the literature. However, in most of these studies, ψ equal to zero or equal to angle of shearing resistance of soil, is assumed, and only limited studies are available to predict the load-settlement response of strip footing when the dilatancy angle of sand lies between zero and In the present study, the effect of dilatancy angle of sand on the loadsettlement response of a rigid strip footing resting on sand and on the formation of slip planes is studied by varying the dilatancy angle ranging from zero to the angle of shearing resistance of soil (i.e., ψ =0 to

Rectovestibular fistula: Is treatment always required?

The traditional teaching in the management of rectovestibular fistula involves corrective surgery, either in single or multiple stages.Usually, female children operated for the same are advised cesarean section during childbirth to prevent damage to the neoanus.Herein, we report a story of a 68-year-old woman with untreated rectovestibular fistula and has given birth to five children withoutany sequalae

Microstructure Evolution of In Situ Pulsed-Laser Crystallized Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 Thin Films

Integration of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films with temperature-sensitive substrates (CMOS, polymers) would benefit from growth at substrate temperatures below 400°C. In this work, in situ pulsed-laser annealing [Rajashekhar et al. (2013) Appl. Phys. Lett., 103 [3] 032908] was used to grow crystalline lead zirconate titanate (PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3) thin films at a substrate temperature of ~370°C on PbZr0.30Ti0.70O3-buffered platinized silicon substrates. Transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated that the films were well crystallized into columnar grains, but with pores segregated at the grain boundaries. Lateral densification of the grain columns was significantly improved by reducing the partial pressure of oxygen from 120 to 50 mTorr, presumably due to enhanced adatom mobility at the surface accompanying increased bombardment. It was found that varying the fractional annealing duration with respect to the deposition duration produced little effect on lateral grain growth. However, increasing the fractional annealing duration led to shift of 111 PZT X-ray diffraction peaks to higher 2θ values, suggesting residual in-plane tensile stresses in the films. Thermal simulations were used to understand the annealing process. Evolution of the film microstructure is described in terms of transient heating from the pulsed laser determining the nucleation events, while the energy of the arriving species dictates grain growth/coarsening

Gastroprotective Properties of Karanjin from Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) Seeds; Role as Antioxidant and H+, K+-ATPase Inhibitor

Plant extracts are the most attractive sources of newer drugs and have been shown to produce promising results for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Karanjin, a furano-flavonoid has been evaluated for anti-ulcerogenic property by employing adult male albino rats. Karanjin (>95% pure) was administered to these rats in two different concentrations, that is, 10 and 20 mg kg−1 b.w. Ulcers were induced in the experimental animals by swim and ethanol stress. Serum, stomach and liver-tissue homogenates were assessed for biochemical parameters. Karanjin inhibited 50 and 74% of ulcers induced by swim stress at 10 and 20 mg kg−1 b.w., respectively. Gastric mucin was protected up to 85% in case of swim stress, whereas only 47% mucin recovery was seen in ethanol stress induced ulcers. H+, K+-ATPase activity, which was increased 2-fold in ulcer conditions, was normalized by Karanjin in both swim/ethanol stress-induced ulcer models. Karanjin could inhibit oxidative stress as evidenced by the normalization of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme (i.e., catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) levels. Karanjin at concentrations of 20 mg kg−1 b.w., when administered orally for 14 days, did not indicate any lethal effects. There were no significant differences in total protein, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase between normal and Karanjin-treated rats indicating no adverse effect on major organs. During treatment schedule, animals remained as healthy as control animals with normal food and water intake and body weight gain

AUTOMATION OF NETWORK MICRO SEGMENTATION

Network Micro Segmentation is the ability to transmit data securely between systems over a network. Systems in a network uses advanced encryption technology and provides a mechanism for creating cryptographically enforced virtual networks based on the user’s login credentials. Network Micro Segmentation is used to share the information between the selected users and protecting the sensitive data from hackers by allowing the data to be visible only to the selected users. Network Micro segmentation secures the data in motion and controls the sharing of information within or across the network by employing an innovative cloaking technique. The Automation of Network Micro Segmentation Environment is used to configure the network and systems automatically. The market value of network security reaches $15.5 billion by 2019

Sequential design of computer experiments for the estimation of a probability of failure

This paper deals with the problem of estimating the volume of the excursion set of a function $f:\mathbb{R}^d \to \mathbb{R}$ above a given threshold, under a probability measure on $\mathbb{R}^d$ that is assumed to be known. In the industrial world, this corresponds to the problem of estimating a probability of failure of a system. When only an expensive-to-simulate model of the system is available, the budget for simulations is usually severely limited and therefore classical Monte Carlo methods ought to be avoided. One of the main contributions of this article is to derive SUR (stepwise uncertainty reduction) strategies from a Bayesian-theoretic formulation of the problem of estimating a probability of failure. These sequential strategies use a Gaussian process model of $f$ and aim at performing evaluations of $f$ as efficiently as possible to infer the value of the probability of failure. We compare these strategies to other strategies also based on a Gaussian process model for estimating a probability of failure.Comment: This is an author-generated postprint version. The published version is available at http://www.springerlink.co

Angiogenin protects motoneurons against hypoxic injury.

Cells can adapt to hypoxia through the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which in turn regulates the expression of hypoxia-responsive genes. Defects in hypoxic signaling have been suggested to underlie the degeneration of motoneurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We have recently identified mutations in the hypoxia-responsive gene, angiogenin (ANG), in ALS patients, and have shown that ANG is constitutively expressed in motoneurons. Here, we show that HIF-1alpha is sufficient and required to activate ANG in cultured motoneurons exposed to hypoxia, although ANG expression does not change in a transgenic ALS mouse model or in sporadic ALS patients. Administration of recombinant ANG or expression of wild-type ANG protected motoneurons against hypoxic injury, whereas gene silencing of ang1 significantly increased hypoxia-induced cell death. The previously reported ALS-associated ANG mutations (Q12L, K17I, R31K, C39W, K40I, I46V) all showed a reduced neuroprotective activity against hypoxic injury. Our data show that ANG plays an important role in endogenous protective pathways of motoneurons exposed to hypoxia, and suggest that loss of function rather than loss of expression of ANG is associated with ALS