22,175 research outputs found
Distribution of Complex and Core Lipids within New Hyperthermophilic Members of the Archaea Domain
Core and complex lipids of several new hyperthermophilic archaeal isolates were analyzed. The organisms belong to the Sulfolobales,Archaeoglobus, Pyrobaculum, and Methanococcus. A detailed structural investigation of complex lipids of Pyrobaculum species is reported. The different lipid structures are of help for
a rapid and simple phylogenetic classification of the new isolates. They are in agreement with the classification based on other features
A stacking method to study the gamma-ray emission of source samples based on the co-adding of Fermi LAT count maps
We present a stacking method that makes use of co-added maps of gamma-ray
counts produced from data taken with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. Sources
with low integrated gamma-ray fluxes that are not detected individually may
become detectable when their corresponding count maps are added. The combined
data set is analyzed with a maximum likelihood method taking into account the
contribution from point-like and diffuse background sources. For both simulated
and real data, detection significance and integrated gamma-ray flux are
investigated for different numbers of stacked sources using the public Fermi
Science Tools for analysis and data preparation. The co-adding is done such
that potential source signals add constructively, in contrast to the signals
from background sources, which allows the stacked data to be described with
simply structured models. We show, for different scenarios, that the stacking
method can be used to increase the cumulative significance of a sample of
sources and to characterize the corresponding gamma-ray emission. The method
can, for instance, help to search for gamma-ray emission from galaxy clusters.Comment: accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 10 pages, 12
figure
Block-Transitive Designs in Affine Spaces
This paper deals with block-transitive - designs in affine
spaces for large , with a focus on the important index case. We
prove that there are no non-trivial 5- designs admitting a
block-transitive group of automorphisms that is of affine type. Moreover, we
show that the corresponding non-existence result holds for 4- designs,
except possibly when the group is one-dimensional affine. Our approach involves
a consideration of the finite 2-homogeneous affine permutation groups.Comment: 10 pages; to appear in: "Designs, Codes and Cryptography
Classification of interstitial lung disease patterns with topological texture features
Topological texture features were compared in their ability to classify
morphological patterns known as 'honeycombing' that are considered indicative
for the presence of fibrotic interstitial lung diseases in high-resolution
computed tomography (HRCT) images. For 14 patients with known occurrence of
honey-combing, a stack of 70 axial, lung kernel reconstructed images were
acquired from HRCT chest exams. A set of 241 regions of interest of both
healthy and pathological (89) lung tissue were identified by an experienced
radiologist. Texture features were extracted using six properties calculated
from gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM), Minkowski Dimensions (MDs), and
three Minkowski Functionals (MFs, e.g. MF.euler). A k-nearest-neighbor (k-NN)
classifier and a Multilayer Radial Basis Functions Network (RBFN) were
optimized in a 10-fold cross-validation for each texture vector, and the
classification accuracy was calculated on independent test sets as a
quantitative measure of automated tissue characterization. A Wilcoxon
signed-rank test was used to compare two accuracy distributions and the
significance thresholds were adjusted for multiple comparisons by the
Bonferroni correction. The best classification results were obtained by the MF
features, which performed significantly better than all the standard GLCM and
MD features (p < 0.005) for both classifiers. The highest accuracy was found
for MF.euler (97.5%, 96.6%; for the k-NN and RBFN classifier, respectively).
The best standard texture features were the GLCM features 'homogeneity' (91.8%,
87.2%) and 'absolute value' (90.2%, 88.5%). The results indicate that advanced
topological texture features can provide superior classification performance in
computer-assisted diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases when compared to
standard texture analysis methods.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings SPIE Medical Imaging 201
Probing Sterile Neutrino Parameters with Double Chooz, Daya Bay and RENO
In this work, we present a realistic analysis of the potential of the
present-day reactor experiments Double Chooz, Daya Bay and RENO for probing the
existence of sterile neutrinos. We present exclusion regions for sterile
oscillation parameters for each of these experiments, using simulations with
realistic estimates of systematic errors and detector resolutions, and compare
the sterile parameter sensitivity regions we obtain with the existing bounds
from other reactor experiments. We find that these experimental set-ups give
significant bounds on the parameter \Theta_{ee} especially in the low sterile
oscillation region 0.01 < \Delta m_{41}^2 < 0.05 eV^2. These bounds can add to
our understanding of the sterile neutrino sector since there is still a tension
in the allowed regions from different experiments for sterile parameters.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
Export of Weddell Sea Deep and Bottom Water
An extensive set of conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD)/lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (LADCP) data obtained within the northwestern Weddell Sea in August 1997 characterizes the dense water outflow from the Weddell Sea and overflow into the Scotia Sea. Along the outer rim of the Weddell Gyre, there is a stream of relatively low salinity, high oxygen Weddell Sea Deep Water (defined as water between 0° and −0.7°C), constituting a more ventilated form of this water mass than that found farther within the gyre. Its enhanced ventilation is due to injection of relatively low salinity shelf water found near the northern extreme of Antarctic Peninsula's Weddell Sea shelf, shelf water too buoyant to descend to the deep-sea floor. The more ventilated form of Weddell Sea Deep Water flows northward along the eastern side of the South Orkney Plateau, passing into the Scotia Sea rather than continuing along an eastward path in the northern Weddell Sea. Weddell Sea Bottom Water also exhibits two forms: a low-salinity, better oxygenated component confined to the outer rim of the Weddell Gyre, and a more saline, less oxygenated component observed farther into the gyre. The more saline Weddell Sea Bottom Water is derived from the southwestern Weddell Sea, where high-salinity shelf water is abundant. The less saline Weddell Sea Bottom Water, like the more ventilated Weddell Sea Deep Water, is derived from lower-salinity shelf water at a point farther north along the Antarctic Peninsula. Transports of Weddell Sea Deep and Bottom Water masses crossing 44°W estimated from one LADCP survey are 25 × 106 and 5 × 106 m3 s−1, respectively. The low-salinity, better ventilated forms of Weddell Sea Deep and Bottom Water flowing along the outer rim of the Weddell Gyre have the position and depth range that would lead to overflow of the topographic confines of the Weddell Basin, whereas the more saline forms may be forced to recirculate within the Weddell Gyre
État et perspectives de la filière de réacteurs à eau lourde à la fin de l'année 1970. EUR 4766 = State and prospects of heavy water reactor sector at the end of 1970. EUR 4766.
Long time scale molecular dynamics using least action
We present here an efficient method for evaluating molecular trajectories over long time scales. The method is based on optimisation of the path action defined by classical mechanics. We test the technique on non-trivial examples drawn from the literature and discuss the effectiveness of this approach in the study of molecular processes. Many of the present techniques for calculating molecular trajectories are limited computationally. Standard forward integration of Newton's equations of motion yields accurate results for a range of systems whose transition times are many orders of magnitude less than most biologically interesting processes. If one wants to extend these calculations to biologically relevant time scales, it is necessary to develop methodologies which avoid this limitation. The process outlined in this paper has been tested on simple systems using harmonic and Lennard--Jones potential energy functions. The algorithm yields stable trajectories and is adjustable to suite available computational resources. In theory, this algorithm is applicable to any molecular system where the initial and final states are known. This could include investigation of chemical reactions, ligand/receptor binding and work cycles of molecular machinery
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