Monolithic integration of InGaAs p-i-n photodetector with full ion-implanted InP JFET amplifier

monolithically integrated p-i-n FET amplifier has been fabricated using ion-implanted indium phosphide (InP) JFETs. The vertically integrated material structure consists of a vapor phase epitaxy (VPE) grown InCaAs photoabsorption layer and a metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) grown Fe-doped semi-insulating layer. A Zn diffusion was performed to complete the p-i-n photodiode. High-performance fully implanted InP JFETs were used to form the integrated amplifier with a symmetrical design to remove the dc offset. With a receiver sensitivity of ~ 36.4 dBm measured at 200-Mbit/s NRZ for IO RER, it is easily the most sensitive monolithic p-i-n FET preamp yet reported in this frequency range. The p-i-n amplifier has a dynamic range of 15 dH.The authors would like to acknowledge the help from Y. Ota, J. M. Geary, R. E. Frahm, and K. J. OBrien in device packaging and in dielectric deposition

Grassy–herbaceous land moderates regional climate effects on honey bee colonies in the Northcentral US

The lack of seasonally sustained floral resources (i.e. pollen and nectar) is considered a primary global threat to pollinator health. However, the ability to predict the abundance of flowering resources for pollinators based upon climate, weather, and land cover is difficult due to insufficient monitoring over adequate spatial and temporal scales. Here we use spatiotemporally distributed honey bee hive scales that continuously measure hive weights as a standardized method to assess nectar intake. We analyze late summer colony weight gain as the response variable in a random forest regression model to determine the importance of climate, weather, and land cover on honey bee colony productivity. Our random forest model predicted resource acquisition by honey bee colonies with 71% accuracy, highlighting the detrimental effects of warm, wet regions in the Northcentral United States on nectar intake, as well as the detrimental effect of years with high growing degree day accumulation. Our model also predicted that grassy–herbaceous natural land had a positive effect on the summer nectar flow and that large areas of natural grassy–herbaceous land around apiaries can moderate the detrimental effects of warm, wet climates. These patterns characterize multi-scale ecological processes that constrain the quantity and quality of pollinator nutritional resources. That is, broad climate conditions constrain regional floral communities, while land use and weather act to further modify the quantity and quality of pollinator nutritional resources. Observing such broad-scale trends demonstrates the potential for utilizing hive scales to monitor the effects of climate change on landscape-level floral resources for pollinators. The interaction of climate and land use also present an opportunity to manage for climate-resilient landscapes that support pollinators through abundant floral resources under climate change

Drama, performance and touch in the medieval convent and beyond

In this analysis we explore the sensory performances of the performer, rather than the spectator, in medieval convent drama, particularly the tactile experiences of clothing, props, wigs, and beards worn by female performers presenting male and female characters

Methods and stability tests associated with the sterile neutrino search using improved high-energy νμ_{μ } event reconstruction in IceCube

We provide supporting details for the search for a 3+1 sterile neutrino using data collected over 10.7 years at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The analysis uses atmospheric muon-flavored neutrinos from 0.5 to 100 TeV that traverse Earth to reach the IceCube detector and finds a best-fit point at sin2⁡(2⁢24) =0.16 and Δ⁢2 41 =3.5  eV2 with a goodness-of-fit p value of 12% and consistency with the null hypothesis of no oscillations to sterile neutrinos with a p value of 3.1%. Several improvements were made over past analyses, which are reviewed in this article, including upgrades to the reconstruction and the study of sources of systematic uncertainty. We provide details of the fit quality and discuss stability tests that split the data for separate samples, comparing results. We find that the fits are consistent between split datasets

Calculations Predict That Carbon Tunneling Allows the Degenerate Cope Rearrangement of Semibullvalene to Occur Rapidly at Cryogenic Temperatures

Article on calculations predicting that carbon tunneling allows the degenerate cope rearrangement of semibullvalene to occur rapidly at cryogenic temperatures