Looking for Rural Idyll 'Down Under': International Immigrants in Rural Australia

© 2016 International Organization for Migration. This article outlines the empirical findings of the first national longitudinal study of almost 1,000 recent immigrants who decided to move to non-metropolitan Australia. The national survey (2008-2010) identified that new international immigrants tend to move to rural areas because of the natural beauty, lifestyle and community spirit to be found there, as well as the idyllic image of peacefulness and a relaxing environment associated with these areas. Natural attractors, such as rurality and climate, were important features of the places which, according to the survey, were particularly liked. However, there is tension between the imagined Australian rural ideal and reality, with remoteness, isolation and parochialism being the key features in how the countryside may be misrepresented. The retention of new immigrants in rural places is very strongly related to constructed attractors - the availability and quality of infrastructure, as well as recreational, entertainment and cultural activities. International Migratio

ODNOSI S JAVNOŠĆU U FUNKCIJI DRUŠTVENO ODGOVORNOG POSLOVANJA

U današnje vrijeme odgovoran korporativni menadžment u sve većoj mjeri uviđa da poslovanje čiji je jedini cilj stjecanje profita, bez brige o društvu, okolini i svim interesno utjecajnim skupinama, ne može biti dugoročno održivo. Stoga društveno odgovorno poslovanje (DOP) danas postaje neizostavna strategija odgovornog i etičnog upravljanja korporacijom, što nije u proturječju s ostvarivanjem profita – sve se češće dokazuje da DOP pozitivno utječe na zadovoljstvo zaposlenika, pozitivnu percepciju kompanije u javnosti, sklonost proizvodima i uslugama kompanija koje su implementirale strategiju DOP-a, a posljedično i na povećanje dobiti. Zbog proaktivne prirode DOP-a korporativni odnosi s javnošću mogu igrati značajnu ulogu u uspostavljanju razumijevanja između korporacije i njenih javnosti, podižući svijest o potrebi etičnoga djelovanja i implementacije DOP-a te komunicirajući rezultate DOP-a javnostima. Uspjeh korporacije ovisi o odnosu koji ostvaruje s dionicima, a te je odnose moguće osnažiti definiranjem vlastite vizije, misije i vrijednosti, izgradnjom korporativne kulture, djelovanjem u skladu s njom te učenjem na temelju povratnih informacija koje kompanija dobiva od svojih javnosti. U tom segmentu poslovanja odnosi s javnošću, kao menadžerska funkcija, ispunjavaju svoju svrhu te nalaze svoju pozitivnu primjenu. U radu se kao primjer dobre prakse navodi slučaj kompanije KING ICT

ODNOSI S JAVNOŠĆU U FUNKCIJI DRUŠTVENO ODGOVORNOG POSLOVANJA

U današnje vrijeme odgovoran korporativni menadžment u sve većoj mjeri uviđa da poslovanje čiji je jedini cilj stjecanje profita, bez brige o društvu, okolini i svim interesno utjecajnim skupinama, ne može biti dugoročno održivo. Stoga društveno odgovorno poslovanje (DOP) danas postaje neizostavna strategija odgovornog i etičnog upravljanja korporacijom, što nije u proturječju s ostvarivanjem profita – sve se češće dokazuje da DOP pozitivno utječe na zadovoljstvo zaposlenika, pozitivnu percepciju kompanije u javnosti, sklonost proizvodima i uslugama kompanija koje su implementirale strategiju DOP-a, a posljedično i na povećanje dobiti. Zbog proaktivne prirode DOP-a korporativni odnosi s javnošću mogu igrati značajnu ulogu u uspostavljanju razumijevanja između korporacije i njenih javnosti, podižući svijest o potrebi etičnoga djelovanja i implementacije DOP-a te komunicirajući rezultate DOP-a javnostima. Uspjeh korporacije ovisi o odnosu koji ostvaruje s dionicima, a te je odnose moguće osnažiti definiranjem vlastite vizije, misije i vrijednosti, izgradnjom korporativne kulture, djelovanjem u skladu s njom te učenjem na temelju povratnih informacija koje kompanija dobiva od svojih javnosti. U tom segmentu poslovanja odnosi s javnošću, kao menadžerska funkcija, ispunjavaju svoju svrhu te nalaze svoju pozitivnu primjenu. U radu se kao primjer dobre prakse navodi slučaj kompanije KING ICT

Indigenous Small Business in the Australian Indigenous Economy

Indigenous small businesses in the Australian Indigenous economy Jock Collins, Mark Morrison, Branka Krivokapic-Skoko, Rose Butler and PK Basu Introduction There are many pathways to Indigenous entrepreneurship in Australia: ..

On some important quantities influencing proper functioning of the differential pneumatic comparator

Back-pressure air gauging is an effective and practical way of controlling machine parts in large-scale production. It is a non-contact measuring technique based on the flapper-nozzle effect. The proper functioning of a differential pneumatic comparator depends on several geometric parameters as well as flow conditions inside the device. The main problems of this controlling technique are the fouling of the measuring nozzle head and changes in the accuracy of the comparator. This paper examines the influence of the supply pressure, the diameter of the orifice in the measuring branch, and the axial distance in the flapper-nozzle area on pneumatic comparator performance. In a way, we are trying to optimize the performance of a given pneumatic comparator with respect to the tolerance field for which it is intended. The size, strength, and position of the vacuum in the flapper-nozzle area depend on the supply pressure and the axial distance between the measuring nozzle outlet cross-section and the workpiece surface. For a certain combination of these two parameters, we can influence the vacuum quantities. A pneumatic sensitivity of a comparator can be increased by increasing the supply pressure. The greater accuracy of the back pressure air gauge, the smaller the application range, i.e. the tolerance field that we can control with a given device

Time-dependent bending rigidity and helical twist of DNA by rearrangement of bound HU protein

HU is a protein that plays a role in various bacterial processes including compaction, transcription and replication of the genome. Here, we use atomic force microscopy to study the effect of HU on the stiffness and supercoiling of double-stranded DNA. First, we measured the persistence length, height profile, contour length and bending angle distribution of the DNA–HU complex after different incubation times of HU with linear DNA. We found that the persistence and contour length depend on the incubation time. At high concentrations of HU, DNA molecules first become stiff with a larger value of the persistence length. The persistence length then decreases over time and the molecules regain the flexibility of bare DNA after ~2 h. Concurrently, the contour length shows a slight increase. Second, we measured the change in topology of closed circular relaxed DNA following binding of HU. Here, we observed that HU induces supercoiling over a similar time span as the measured change in persistence length. Our observations can be rationalized in terms of the formation of a nucleoprotein filament followed by a structural rearrangement of the bound HU on DNA. The rearrangement results in a change in topology, an increase in bending flexibility and an increase in contour length through a decrease in helical pitch of the duplex.Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technolog

Interaction of hnRNPA1/A2 and DAZAP1 with an Alu-Derived Intronic Splicing Enhancer Regulates ATM Aberrant Splicing

We have previously identified an Alu-derived Intronic Splicing enhancer (ISE) in the Ataxia Teleangectasia Mutated gene (ATM) that facilitates intron pre-mRNA processing and leads to the inclusion of a cryptic exon in the final mRNA transcript. By using an RNA pull-down assay, we show here that hnRNPA1/A2, HuR and DAZAP1 splicing factors and DHX36 RNA helicase bind to the ISE. By functional studies (overexpression and siRNA experiments), we demonstrate that hnRNPA1 and DAZAP1 are indeed involved in ISE-dependent ATM cryptic exon activation, with hnRNPA1 acting negatively and DAZAP1 positively on splicing selection. On the contrary, HuR and DHX36 have no effect on ATM splicing pattern. These data suggest that splicing factors with both negative and positive effect can assemble on the intronic Alu repeats and regulate pre-mRNA splicing

Endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling – from basic mechanisms to clinical applications

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membranous intracellular organelle and the first compartment of the secretory pathway. As such, the ER contributes to the production and folding of approximately one‐third of cellular proteins, and is thus inextricably linked to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and the fine balance between health and disease. Specific ER stress signalling pathways, collectively known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), are required for maintaining ER homeostasis. The UPR is triggered when ER protein folding capacity is overwhelmed by cellular demand and the UPR initially aims to restore ER homeostasis and normal cellular functions. However, if this fails, then the UPR triggers cell death. In this review, we provide a UPR signalling‐centric view of ER functions, from the ER's discovery to the latest advancements in the understanding of ER and UPR biology. Our review provides a synthesis of intracellular ER signalling revolving around proteostasis and the UPR, its impact on other organelles and cellular behaviour, its multifaceted and dynamic response to stress and its role in physiology, before finally exploring the potential exploitation of this knowledge to tackle unresolved biological questions and address unmet biomedical needs. Thus, we provide an integrated and global view of existing literature on ER signalling pathways and their use for therapeutic purposes

Virulence Regulator EspR of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is a Nucleoid-Associated Protein

The principal virulence determinant of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the ESX-1 protein secretion system, is positively controlled at the transcriptional level by EspR. Depletion of EspR reportedly affects a small number of genes, both positively or negatively, including a key ESX-1 component, the espACD operon. EspR is also thought to be an ESX-1 substrate. Using EspR-specific antibodies in ChIP-Seq experiments (chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by ultra-high throughput DNA sequencing) we show that EspR binds to at least 165 loci on the Mtb genome. Included in the EspR regulon are genes encoding not only EspA, but also EspR itself, the ESX-2 and ESX-5 systems, a host of diverse cell wall functions, such as production of the complex lipid PDIM (phenolthiocerol dimycocerosate) and the PE/PPE cell-surface proteins. EspR binding sites are not restricted to promoter regions and can be clustered. This suggests that rather than functioning as a classical regulatory protein EspR acts globally as a nucleoid-associated protein capable of long-range interactions consistent with a recently established structural model. EspR expression was shown to be growth phase-dependent, peaking in the stationary phase. Overexpression in Mtb strain H37Rv revealed that EspR influences target gene expression both positively or negatively leading to growth arrest. At no stage was EspR secreted into the culture filtrate. Thus, rather than serving as a specific activator of a virulence locus, EspR is a novel nucleoid-associated protein, with both architectural and regulatory roles, that impacts cell wall functions and pathogenesis through multiple genes