1,692 research outputs found
Barriers to EMS assimilation in the US, Australia, Hong Kong, Norway and Switzerland: A Cross regional comparison
Electronic Meeting Systems (EMS) have the capabilities to support group members in task collaboration. While there have been many case studies and lab experiments on how EMS can support group tasks, large scale macro investigations exploring EMS adoption and use have been practically non-existent. Furthermore, while several EMS assimilation barriers have been suggested, their validation across organizations remains unexplored. In this paper, we describe a global initiative to explore information technology support for task-oriented collaboration in the US, Australia, Hong Kong, Norway and Switzerland. We focus specifically on EMS and investigate their adoption, use and assimilation barriers in organizations across the five regions. Our results suggest that EMS adoption and use is limited across all the regions. A further investigation in EMS assimilation barriers suggests that these barriers differ across the regions and there is little agreement over how they are ranked. Implications of our findings are discussed for practitioners and researchers
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Transition to sustainable chemistry through digitalization
Modern chemistry is the backbone of our society, but it is also a major contributor to global environmental pollution and the ongoing climate crisis. The transition toward a sustainable future requires a radical transformation of how chemistry is designed, developed, and used. This represents a “break it or make it” challenge for the chemical industry with significant technology lock-in and high entry barriers to radical innovations. We propose that urgently required systemic changes in chemical industry, research and development (R&D), chemicals assessment and management, and education to advance sustainable chemistry are attainable through increased and more rapid adoption of digitalization and new digital tools. This will enable flexible data exchange, increased transparency of information flows along cross-country chemical, material, and product life cycles, and chemistries that are safe and sustainable by design, addressing the complexity of chemicals-environment-health interactions and lowering the costs of entry into chemical R&D and manufacture, and new, more sustainable and collaborative business models
Perturbation of Tunneling Processes by Mechanical Degrees of Freedom in Mesoscopic Junctions
We investigate the perturbation in the tunneling current caused by
non-adiabatic mechanical motion in a mesoscopic tunnel junction. A theory
introduced by Caroli et al. \cite{bi1,bi2,bi3} is used to evaluate second order
self-energy corrections for this non-equilibrium situation lacking
translational invariance. Inelastic signatures of the mechanical degrees of
freedom are found in the current-voltage characteristics. These give
rise to sharp features in the derivative spectrum, .Comment: 22 pages LaTeX + 3 uuencoded PS picture
The Continuing Debate on Deep Molluscan Phylogeny: Evidence for Serialia (Mollusca, Monoplacophora + Polyplacophora)
Molluscs are a diverse animal phylum with a formidable fossil record. Although there is little doubt about the monophyly of the eight extant classes, relationships between these groups are controversial. We analysed a comprehensive multilocus molecular data set for molluscs, the first to include multiple species from all classes, including five monoplacophorans in both extant families. Our analyses of five markers resolve two major clades: the first includes gastropods and bivalves sister to Serialia (monoplacophorans and chitons), and the second comprises scaphopods sister to aplacophorans and cephalopods. Traditional groupings such as Testaria, Aculifera, and Conchifera are rejected by our data with significant Approximately Unbiased (AU) test values. A new molecular clock indicates that molluscs had a terminal Precambrian origin with rapid divergence of all eight extant classes in the Cambrian. The recovery of Serialia as a derived, Late Cambrian clade is potentially in line with the stratigraphic chronology of morphologically heterogeneous early mollusc fossils. Serialia is in conflict with traditional molluscan classifications and recent phylogenomic data. Yet our hypothesis, as others from molecular data, implies frequent molluscan shell and body transformations by heterochronic shifts in development and multiple convergent adaptations, leading to the variable shells and body plans in extant lineages
ECC2K-130 on NVIDIA GPUs
Abstract. Computations of small discrete logarithms are feasible even in "secure" groups, and are used as subroutines in several cryptographic protocols in the literature. For example, the Boneh-Goh-Nissim degree-2-homomorphic public-key encryption system uses generic square-root discrete-logarithm methods for decryption. This paper shows how to use a small group-specific table to accelerate these subroutines. The cost of setting up the table grows with the table size, but the acceleration also grows with the table size. This paper shows experimentally that computing a discrete logarithm in an interval of order takes only 1.93
Quantum theory of electromechanical noise and momentum transfer statistics
A quantum mechanical theory is developed for the statistics of momentum
transferred to the lattice by conduction electrons. Results for the
electromechanical noise power in the semiclassical diffusive transport regime
agree with a recent theory based on the Boltzmann-Langevin equation. All
moments of the transferred momentum are calculated for a single-channel
conductor with a localized scatterer, and compared with the known statistics of
transmitted charge.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure
Effect of a Novel Nonviral Gene Delivery of BMP-2 on Bone Healing
Background. Gene therapeutic drug delivery approaches have been introduced to improve the efficiency of growth factors at the site of interest. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of a new nonviral copolymer-protected gene vector (COPROG) for the stimulation of bone healing. Methods. In vitro, rat osteoblasts were transfected with COPROG + luciferase plasmid or COPROG + hBMP-2 plasmid. In vivo, rat tibial fractures were intramedullary stabilized with uncoated versus COPROG+hBMP-2-plasmid-coated titanium K-wires. The tibiae were prepared for biomechanical and histological analyses at days 28 and 42 and for transfection/safety study at days 2, 4, 7, 28, and 42. Results. In vitro results showed luciferase expression until day 21, and hBMP-2-protein was measured from day 2 – day 10. In vivo, the local application of hBMP-2-plasmid showed a significantly higher maximum load after 42 days compared to that in the control. The histomorphometric analysis revealed a significantly less mineralized periosteal callus area in the BMP-2 group compared to the control at day 28. The rt-PCR showed no systemic biodistribution of luciferase RNA. Conclusion. A positive effect on fracture healing by nonviral BMP-2 plasmid application from COPROG-coated implants could be shown in this study; however, the effect of the vector may be improved with higher plasmid concentrations. Transfection showed no biodistribution to distant organs and was considered to be safe
Aharonov-Bohm cages in two-dimensional structures
We present an extreme localization mechanism induced by a magnetic field for
tight-binding electrons in two-dimensional structures. This spectacular
phenomenon is investigated for a large class of tilings (periodic,
quasiperiodic, or random). We are led to introduce the Aharonov-Bohm cages
defined as the set of sites eventually visited by a wavepacket that can, for
particular values of the magnetic flux, be bounded. We finally discuss the
quantum dynamics which exhibits an original pulsating behaviour.Comment: 4 pages Latex, 3 eps figures, 1 ps figur
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