MODERNIZATION OF INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL BASES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC

Purpose: the purpose of the research is to evaluate proposals on the formation of a fundamentally new support and zonal structure for managing the development of the Russian Arctic and related changes in the regulatory and legal support for this development.Methods: research is carried out with the use of interdisciplinary methodologies which integrate specific tools of research of economic, sociological, political science, ecological, legal and other issues of spatial systems’ functioning.Results: there is an active modernization in the production, infrastructure and defense spheres on the territory of the Russian Arctic, the accelerated development of which can be considered a prerequisite for solving the social and economic problems of the integrated development of the whole macroregion. At the same time, the gradual modernization of the institutional and legal bases for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) began. An additional impetus was given to it by the adoption of Decree №1064 of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 31, 2017 on a new state program for the development of the Arctic that made significant adjustments to earlier decisions on public administration and legal support for the development of the Russian Arctic.Conclusions and relevance: the authors showed that one of the main reasons for the slow implementation of the justifiably ambitious intentions of the country's leadership on the complex socio-economic re-development of the Russian Arctic was the underestimation of the importance of modernizing the institutional and legal bases for the re-development of the Russian Arctic. The modernization of the institutional and legal bases of spatial development is becoming an important factor in the stable functioning of not only the state, regions and municipalities, but also for the implementation of any investment projects. The data on innovations in the structure of the institutes and legal regulators of the development of the Russian Arctic confirms the undoubtedly positive potential for modernizing the institutional and legal bases for the spatial development of the Russian Arctic and the need for experimental verification of the decisions taken so that that potential could be fully realized

МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЯ ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНО-ПРАВОВЫХ ОСНОВАНИЙ РАЗВИТИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ АРКТИКИ

Purpose: the purpose of the research is to evaluate proposals on the formation of a fundamentally new support and zonal structure for managing the development of the Russian Arctic and related changes in the regulatory and legal support for this development.Methods: research is carried out with the use of interdisciplinary methodologies which integrate specific tools of research of economic, sociological, political science, ecological, legal and other issues of spatial systems’ functioning.Results: there is an active modernization in the production, infrastructure and defense spheres on the territory of the Russian Arctic, the accelerated development of which can be considered a prerequisite for solving the social and economic problems of the integrated development of the whole macroregion. At the same time, the gradual modernization of the institutional and legal bases for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) began. An additional impetus was given to it by the adoption of Decree №1064 of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 31, 2017 on a new state program for the development of the Arctic that made significant adjustments to earlier decisions on public administration and legal support for the development of the Russian Arctic.Conclusions and relevance: the authors showed that one of the main reasons for the slow implementation of the justifiably ambitious intentions of the country's leadership on the complex socio-economic re-development of the Russian Arctic was the underestimation of the importance of modernizing the institutional and legal bases for the re-development of the Russian Arctic. The modernization of the institutional and legal bases of spatial development is becoming an important factor in the stable functioning of not only the state, regions and municipalities, but also for the implementation of any investment projects. The data on innovations in the structure of the institutes and legal regulators of the development of the Russian Arctic confirms the undoubtedly positive potential for modernizing the institutional and legal bases for the spatial development of the Russian Arctic and the need for experimental verification of the decisions taken so that that potential could be fully realized. Цель: Целью исследования является оценка текущих инициатив по формированию принципиально новой опорно-зональной структуры управления развитием Арктической зоны Российской Федерации (АЗРФ) и обоснование авторских рекомендаций в отношении связанных с этим изменений в нормативно-правовом обеспечении такого развития.Методология проведения работы: Исследование проведено с использованием междисциплинарной методологии, предполагающей интеграцию частных методов изучения экономических, социологических, политологических, экологических, правовых и иных аспектов функционирования пространственных систем.Результаты работы: Активная модернизация в производственной, инфраструктурной и оборонной сферах, опережающее развитие которых является необходимым условием решения социально-экономических проблем комплексного развития российской Арктики, происходит одновременно с модернизацией институционально-правовых оснований развития АЗРФ. Дан анализ существенных корректив в ранее принятые решения по вопросам государственного управления и правового обеспечения развития АЗРФ, связанных с принятием Постановления Правительства РФ от 31 августа 2017 г. № 1064 о новой государственной программе развития Арктики. Раскрыты новые подходы к модернизации институтов государственного управления развитием АЗРФ. Обоснованы задачи и перспективы модернизации правовых оснований реализации программы развития отечественной Арктической зоны.Выводы: Авторами показано, что одной из главных причин медленной реализации оправданно амбициозных намерений руководства страны по комплексному социально-экономическому переосвоению АЗРФ являлась недооценка значимости модернизации институционально-правовых оснований переосвоения АЗРФ. Модернизация институционально-правовых оснований пространственного развития становится важнейшим фактором стабильного функционирования не только государства, регионов и муниципалитетов, но и реализации любых инвестиционных проектов. Представленные в статье данные о новациях в структуре институтов и правовых регуляторов развития российской Арктики подтверждают как бесспорно позитивный потенциал модернизации институционально-правовых оснований пространственного развития АЗРФ, так и необходимость экспериментальной проверки принятых решений для того, чтобы этот потенциал был использован в полной мере.

В поисках новой экономики

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ОСНОВЫ СТРУКТУРНО-ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ РОССИЙСКИХ УСЛОВИЯХ

The article describes the principles of structural and investment policy, which should become one of the elements of a long-term economic strategy aimed at eliminating development disparities that have emerged in the last two decades and can not be eliminated by traditional market instruments. A description is given of the main directions of the structural and investment policy, its instruments, as well as an assessment in long-term economic dynamics.В статье описываются принципы структурно-инвестиционной политики, которая должна стать одним из элементов долгосрочной экономической стратегии, направленной на устранение диспропорций развития, которые возникли в последние два десятилетия и не могут быть устранены традиционными рыночными инструментами. Дается описание основных направлений структурно-инвестиционной политики, ее инструментов, а также оценки вклада в формирование долгосрочной экономической динамики

A conceptual governance framework for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction integration

Climate change adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR) have similar targets and goals in relation to climate change and related risks. The integration of CCA in core DRR operations is crucial to provide simultaneous benefits for social systems coping with challenges posed by climate extremes and climate change. Although state actors are generally responsible for governing a public issue such as CCA and DRR integration, the reform of top-down governing modes in neoliberal societies has enlarged the range of potential actors to include non state actors from economic and social communities. These new intervening actors require in-depth investigation. To achieve this goal, the article investigates the set of actors and their bridging arrangements that create and shape governance in CCA and DRR integration. The article conducts a comprehensive literature review in order to retrieve main actors and arrangements. The article summarizes actors and arrangements into a conceptual governance framework that can be used as a backdrop for future research on the topic. However, this framework has an explorative form, which must be refined according to site- and context-specific variables, norms, or networks. Accordingly, this article promotes an initial application of the framework to different contexts. Scholars may adopt the framework as a roadmap with which to corroborate the existence of a theoretical and empirical body of knowledge on governance of CCA and DRR integration

Northern Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI): facing the challenges and pathways of global change in the twenty-first century

© 2017, The Author(s). During the past several decades, the Earth system has changed significantly, especially across Northern Eurasia. Changes in the socio-economic conditions of the larger countries in the region have also resulted in a variety of regional environmental changes that can have global consequences. The Northern Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI) has been designed as an essential continuation of the Northern Eurasia Earth Science Partnership Initiative (NEESPI), which was launched in 2004. NEESPI sought to elucidate all aspects of ongoing environmental change, to inform societies and, thus, to better prepare societies for future developments. A key principle of NEFI is that these developments must now be secured through science-based strategies co-designed with regional decision-makers to lead their societies to prosperity in the face of environmental and institutional challenges. NEESPI scientific research, data, and models have created a solid knowledge base to support the NEFI program. This paper presents the NEFI research vision consensus based on that knowledge. It provides the reader with samples of recent accomplishments in regional studies and formulates new NEFI science questions. To address these questions, nine research foci are identified and their selections are briefly justified. These foci include warming of the Arctic; changing frequency, pattern, and intensity of extreme and inclement environmental conditions; retreat of the cryosphere; changes in terrestrial water cycles; changes in the biosphere; pressures on land use; changes in infrastructure; societal actions in response to environmental change; and quantification of Northern Eurasia’s role in the global Earth system. Powerful feedbacks between the Earth and human systems in Northern Eurasia (e.g., mega-fires, droughts, depletion of the cryosphere essential for water supply, retreat of sea ice) result from past and current human activities (e.g., large-scale water withdrawals, land use, and governance change) and potentially restrict or provide new opportunities for future human activities. Therefore, we propose that integrated assessment models are needed as the final stage of global change assessment. The overarching goal of this NEFI modeling effort will enable evaluation of economic decisions in response to changing environmental conditions and justification of mitigation and adaptation efforts

Northern Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI): facing the challenges and pathways of global change in the 21st century

During the past several decades, the Earth system has changed significantly, especially across Northern Eurasia. Changes in the socio-economic conditions of the larger countries in the region have also resulted in a variety of regional environmental changes that can have global consequences. The Northern Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI) has been designed as an essential continuation of the Northern Eurasia Earth Science Partnership Initiative (NEESPI), which was launched in 2004. NEESPI sought to elucidate all aspects of ongoing environmental change, to inform societies and, thus, to better prepare societies for future developments. A key principle of NEFI is that these developments must now be secured through science-based strategies co-designed with regional decision makers to lead their societies to prosperity in the face of environmental and institutional challenges. NEESPI scientific research, data, and models have created a solid knowledge base to support the NEFI program. This paper presents the NEFI research vision consensus based on that knowledge. It provides the reader with samples of recent accomplishments in regional studies and formulates new NEFI science questions. To address these questions, nine research foci are identified and their selections are briefly justified. These foci include: warming of the Arctic; changing frequency, pattern, and intensity of extreme and inclement environmental conditions; retreat of the cryosphere; changes in terrestrial water cycles; changes in the biosphere; pressures on land-use; changes in infrastructure; societal actions in response to environmental change; and quantification of Northern Eurasia's role in the global Earth system. Powerful feedbacks between the Earth and human systems in Northern Eurasia (e.g., mega-fires, droughts, depletion of the cryosphere essential for water supply, retreat of sea ice) result from past and current human activities (e.g., large scale water withdrawals, land use and governance change) and potentially restrict or provide new opportunities for future human activities. Therefore, we propose that Integrated Assessment Models are needed as the final stage of global change assessment. The overarching goal of this NEFI modeling effort will enable evaluation of economic decisions in response to changing environmental conditions and justification of mitigation and adaptation efforts