Chelates of Co(III) & Cu(II) with I-(2'-Pyridylazo)-2-phenanthrol (PAPL) & I-(2i-Pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN)

681-68

Cu(II) Complexes of the Oximes of 2-Hydroxy-5-methyl-acetophenone, -propiophenone & -butyrophenone

44

(E)-1-[(Diphenyl­amino)meth­yl]-4-(4-fluoro­benzyl­ideneamino)-3-[1-(4-iso­butyl­phen­yl)eth­yl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione

The title 1,2,4-triazole compound, C34H34FN5S, exists in a trans configuration with respect to the acyclic C=N bond. An intra­molecular C—H⋯S contact generates a six-membered ring, producing an S(6) ring motif. The essentially planar 1,2,4-triazole ring [maximum deviation 0.008 (1) Å] is inclined at 21.43 (5) and 83.03 (6)°, respectively, with respect to the flurophenyl unit and the isobutyl-substituted benzene ring. The diphenyl­amino unit is not planar, as indicated by the dihedral angle between two phenyl rings of 76.95 (6)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by C—H⋯π and π–π [centroid–centroid distance = 3.6169 (6) Å] inter­actions; mol­ecules are stacked along the b axis

Polarographic Studies of Cd(II) & Pb(II) Complexes with 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine

913-91

Magnetic Properties of Ru(III) Complexes of 1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-naphthol & 1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-phenanthrol

907-90

Potentiometric study of Complex Formation between Thiovanol & Th(IV), Zr(IV) & UO2(VI)

6

Designing citizen science for water and ecosystem services management in data-poor regions: Challenges and opportunities

While the citizen science approach has gained prominence in water and ecosystem services management, methodological limitations, insufficient resources invested in monitoring practices and a lack of effective mechanisms for integrating the approach into existing monitoring and decision making processes means that its full potential has yet to be realized. Nevertheless, the concept offers a real opportunity to address data gaps and assist decision makers operating under a wide range of socio-ecological and environmental uncertainties. In this paper, we report findings from a project in which low-cost sensors were deployed to collect hydrological data in two study locations in Nepal. We found evidence that the citizen science has potential to generate locally relevant data and knowledge which can enrich a much more polycentric governance of water ecosystem services management. However, some major challenges need to be overcome, in particular developing locally-tailored monitoring sensors, standardizing monitoring and data sharing practice, improving local capabilities to collect quality data and making the approach more sustainable and adaptive to emerging environmental threats and uncertainties. If sufficient attention can be given to these key challenges, citizen science looks set to play a significant future role in water and ecosystem services management

A comparative analysis of ecosystem services valuation approaches for application at the local scale and in data scarce regions

Despite significant advances in the development of the ecosystem services concept across the science and policy arenas, the valuation of ecosystem services to guide sustainable development remains challenging, especially at a local scale and in data scarce regions. In this paper, we review and compare major past and current valuation approaches and discuss their key strengths and weaknesses for guiding policy decisions. To deal with the complexity of methods used in different valuation approaches, our review uses multiple entry points: data vs simulation, habitat vs system vs place-based, specific vs entire portfolio, local vs regional scale, and monetary vs non-monetary. We find that although most valuation approaches are useful to explain ecosystem services at a macro/system level, an application of locally relevant valuation approaches, which allows for a more integrated valuation relevant to decision making is still hindered by data-scarcity. The advent of spatially explicit policy support systems shows particular promise to make the best use of available data and simulations. Data collection remains crucial for the local scale and in data scarce regions. Leveraging citizen science-based data and knowledge co-generation may support the integrated valuation, while at the same time making the valuation process more inclusive, replicable and policy-oriented

Doping-induced spin Hall ratio enhancement in A15-phase, Ta-doped β-W thin films

As spintronic devices become more and more prevalent, the desire to find Pt-free materials with large spin Hall effects is increasing. Previously it was shown that β-W, the metastable A15 structured variant of pure W, has charge-spin conversion efficiencies on par with Pt, and it was predicted that β-W/Ta alloys should be even more efficient. Here we demonstrate the enhancement of the spin Hall ratio (SHR) in A15-phase β-W films doped with Ta (W4-xTax where x = 0.34 ± 0.06) deposited at room temperature using DC magnetron co-sputtering. In close agreement with theoretical predictions, we find that the SHR of the doped films was ~9% larger than pure β-W films. We also found that the SHR's in devices with Co2Fe6B2 were nearly twice as large as the SHR's in devices with Co4Fe4B2. This work shows that by optimizing deposition parameters and substrates, the fabrication of the optimum W3Ta alloy should be feasible, opening the door to commercially viable, Pt-free, spintronic devices

Setting of the magnetic structure of chiral kagome antiferromagnets by a seeded spin-orbit torque

The current-induced spin-orbit torque switching of ferromagnets has had huge impact in spintronics. However, short spin-diffusion lengths limit the thickness of switchable ferromagnetic layers, thereby limiting their thermal stability. Here, we report a previously unobserved seeded spin-orbit torque (SSOT) by which current can set the magnetic states of even thick layers of the chiral kagome antiferromagnet Mn3Sn. The mechanism involves setting the orientation of the antiferromagnetic domains in a thin region at the interface with spin currents arising from an adjacent heavy metal while also heating the layer above its magnetic ordering temperature. This interface region seeds the resulting spin texture of the entire layer as it cools down and, thereby, overcomes the thickness limitation of conventional spin-orbit torques. SSOT switching in Mn3Sn can be extended beyond chiral antiferromagnets to diverse magnetic systems and provides a path toward the development of highly efficient, high-speed, and thermally stable spintronic devices