Ethyl 6-(6-meth­oxy-2-naphth­yl)-2-oxo-4-(2-thien­yl)cyclo­hex-3-ene-1-carboxyl­ate

The title compound, C24H22O4S, was prepared by reaction between (2E)-3-(6-meth­oxy-2-naphth­yl)-1-(2-thien­yl)prop-2-en-1-one and ethyl acetoacetate. In the crystal, the cyclo­hexenone ring shows a distorted half-chair conformation. The length of the double bond in the cyclohexenone ring [1.343 (4) Å] is normal

Azolyl Pyrimidines-synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity

Amide unit is a privileged structural motif and is a constituent of proteins, natural products and pharmaceuticals. Amongst different heterocyclic scaffolds, azoles and pyrimidines are the prominent entities in pharmaceutical arena. The biopotency of these heterocycles have triggered to synthesize a variety of heteroaromatics - azoles linked with pyridines by amino acetamide group. The target molecules-azolylaminoacetamidopyrimidines were prepared by the reaction of methyl azolylglycinate with pyrimidinyl-2-amine in the presence of DMAP and triethylamine in dichloromethane under ultrasonication. The lead molecules were evaluated for antimicrobial activity. Nitro substituted 2-((4-(4-chlorofuran-2-yl)thiazole-2-yl)amino)-N-(4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2-yl)acetamide (9c) displayed excellent antibacterial activity against B. subtilis greater than the standard drug Chloramphenicol. However, 9c and nitro substituted 2-((4-(4-chlorofuran-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)amino)-N-(4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2-yl)acetamide (10c) showed antifungal activity on A. niger greater than the standard drug Ketoconazole. © 2022 Author(s).The authors are grateful to CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), New Delhi for financial assistance under major research project

Synthesis of a New Class of Pyrazolyl-1,2,4-triazole Amine Derivatives

The olefin moiety presents in styrylsulfonylmethyl-1,2,4-triazolylamine (1) was exploited to build up five-member heterocycle-pyrazoles. The series of novel pyrazolyl-1,2,4-triazole amine derivatives (2-3) have been synthesized. All the entitles compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectra. © 2022 Author(s).The authors G. Sravya and N. Bakkthavatchala Reddy are thankful to Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia for financial assistance and thankful to Prof. V. Padmavathi for providing necessary lab facility to carry out this research work

Synthesis and Spectral Characterization of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives

The olefin moiety presents in styrylsulfonylmethyl-1,2,4-triazolylamine (1) was exploited to build up five-member heterocycle-pyrazoles. The series of novel pyrazolyl-1,2,4-triazole amine derivatives (2-3) have been synthesized. All the entitles compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectra. © 2022 Author(s).The authors G. Sravya and N. Bakkthavatchala Reddy are thankful to Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia for financial assistance and thankful to Prof. A. Padmaja for providing necessary lab facility to carry out this research work

AZOLYL PYRIMIDINES-SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY

Amide unit is a privileged structural motif and is a constituent of proteins, natural products and pharmaceuticals. Amongst different heterocyclic scaffolds, azoles and pyrimidines are the prominent entities in pharmaceutical arena. The biopotency of these heterocycles have triggered to synthesize a variety of heteroaromatics–azoles linked with pyridines by amino acetamide group. The target molecules-azolylaminoacetamidopyrimidines were prepared by the reaction of methyl azolylglycinate with pyrimidinyl-2-amine in the presence of DMAP and triethylamine in dichloromethane under ultrasonication. The lead molecules were evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The results on these aspects will be discussed

SYNTHESIS OF A NEW CLASS OF PYRAZOLYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE AMINE DERIVATIVES

Pyrazole, which is a five-membered heterocyclic ring containing two adjacent nitrogen, can be found in many industrial fields. Pyrazole and its derivatives show a variety of pharmaceutical activities such as anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. On the other hand 1,2,4-triazole nucleus have a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial anticancer, antiproliferative and apoptotic properties. Based on the above information, we have been planned to synthesize different pyrazolyl-1,2,4-triazole derivatives

SYNTHESIS AND SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 1,2,4- TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVES

The azole derivatives are the prominent players in the pharmaceutical research as they possess several biological properties. In particular, triazoles represent a class of heterocyclic compounds with a wide variety of biological activities. Furthermore, heterocyclic compounds containing a 1,2,4-triazole nucleus have a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiproliferative and apoptotic properties. Hence biological importance of heterocyclic compounds containing 1, 2, 4-triazole with their pharmacological potential has thereby made them extremely attractive research targets. Based on the above essential information, we have designed and synthesized different 1,2,4-triazole derivatives

Assessment of different methods of rice (Oryza sativa. L) cultivation affecting growth parameters, soil chemical, biological, and microbiological properties, water saving, and grain yield in rice–rice system

Field experiments were conducted at DRR farm located at ICRISAT, Patancheru, in sandy clay loam soils during four seasons, Kharif 2008, Rabi 2008–2009, Kharif 2009 and Rabi 2009–2010, to investigate growth parameters, water-saving potential, root characteristics, chemical, biological, and microbial properties of rhizosphere soil, and grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) by comparing the plants grown with system of rice intensification (SRI) methods, with organic or organic + inorganic fertilization, against current recommended best management practices (BMP). All the growth parameters including plant height, effective tillers (10–45 %), panicle length, dry matter, root dry weight (24–57 %), and root volume (10–66 %) were found to be significantly higher with in SRI-organic + inorganic over BMP. With SRI-organic fertilization, growth parameters showed inconsistent results; however, root dry weight (3–77 %) and root volume (31–162 %) were found significantly superior compared to BMP. Grain yield was found significantly higher in SRI-organic + inorganic (12–23 and 4–35 % in the Kharif and Rabi seasons, respectively), while with SRI-organic management, yield was found higher (4–34 %) only in the Rabi seasons compared to BMP. An average of 31 and 37 % of irrigation water were saved during Kharif and Rabi seasons, respectively, with both SRI methods of rice cultivation compared to BMP. Further, total nitrogen, organic carbon%, soil dehydrogenase, microbial biomass carbon, total bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were found higher in the two SRI plots in comparison to BMP. It is concluded that SRI practices create favorable conditions for beneficial soil microbes to prosper, save irrigation water, and increase grain yield

SRI-A Method for Sustainable Intensification of Rice Production with Enhanced Water Productivity

Climate change induced higher temperatures will increase crops’ water requirements. Every 10°C increase in mean temperature, results in 7% decline in the yield of rice crop. Hence, there is a need to develop water saving technologies in rice which consumes more than 50% of the total irrigation water in agriculture. System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is one such water saving rice production technology. Experiments were conducted at different locations in India including research farm of Directorate of Rice Research (DRR), Hyderabad, during 2005-10 to assess the potential of SRI in comparison to normal transplanting/Standard Planting (NTP/SP) under flooded condition. SRI recorded higher grain yield (6 to 65% over NTP) at majority of locations. Long term studies clearly indicated that grain yield was significantly higher (12-23% and 4-35% over NTP in Kharif and Rabi seasons, respectively) in SRI (with organic+inorganic fertilizers) while the SRI (with100% organic manures), recorded higher yield (4-34%) over NTP only in the Rabi seasons. Even though, SRI resulted in higher productivity, the available nutrient status in soil was marginally higher (10, 42 and 13% over NTP for N, P and K, respectively) at the end of four seasons. There was a reduction in the incidence of pests in SRI and the relative abundance of plant parasitic nematodes was low in SRI as compared to the NTP. About 31% and 37% saving in irrigation water was observed during Kharif and Rabi seasons, respectively in both methods of SRI cultivation over NTP. SRI performed well and consistently reduced requirement of inputs such as seed and water in different soil conditions. SRI method, using less water for rice production can help in overcoming water shortage in future and it can also make water available for growing other crops thus promoting crop diversificatio

Trace elements in glucometabolic disorders: an update

Many trace elements, among which metals, are indispensable for proper functioning of a myriad of biochemical reactions, more particularly as enzyme cofactors. This is particularly true for the vast set of processes involved in regulation of glucose homeostasis, being it in glucose metabolism itself or in hormonal control, especially insulin. The role and importance of trace elements such as chromium, zinc, selenium, lithium and vanadium are much less evident and subjected to chronic debate. This review updates our actual knowledge concerning these five trace elements. A careful survey of the literature shows that while theoretical postulates from some key roles of these elements had led to real hopes for therapy of insulin resistance and diabetes, the limited experience based on available data indicates that beneficial effects and use of most of them are subjected to caution, given the narrow window between safe and unsafe doses. Clear therapeutic benefit in these pathologies is presently doubtful but some data indicate that these metals may have a clinical interest in patients presenting deficiencies in individual metal levels. The same holds true for an association of some trace elements such as chromium or zinc with oral antidiabetics. However, this area is essentially unexplored in adequate clinical trials, which are worth being performed