90,750 research outputs found
Morphometry of Glenoid Cavity
Objectives: Knowledge of the shape and dimensions of the glenoid are important in the design and fitting of glenoid components for total shoulder arthroplasty. An understanding of variations in normal anatomy of the glenoid is essential while evaluating pathological conditions like osseous Bankart lesions and osteochondral defects. Methods: This study was done on 202 dry, unpaired adult human scapulae of unknown sex belonging to the south Indian population. Three glenoid diameters were measured, the superior-inferior diameter, anterior-posterior diameter of the lower half and the anterior-posterior diameter of the upper half of the glenoid. Based on a notch present on the anterior glenoid rim, variations in the shape of the glenoid cavity were classified as inverted comma shaped, pear shaped and oval. Results: The average superior-inferior diameter on right and the left sides were 33.67±2.82mm and 33.92±2.87mm respectively. The average anterior-posterior diameter of the lower half of the right glenoid was 23.35±2.04mm and that of the left was 23.02±2.30mm. The mean diameter of the upper half of the right glenoid was 16.27±2.01mm and that of the left was 15.77±1.96mm. Conclusion: The dimensions of the glenoid observed in the present study were lesser than those recorded in the studies done on other populations. This fact may be taken into consideration while designing glenoid prostheses for the south Indian population. The current study recorded a higher percentage of glenoid cavities having the glenoid notch as compared to earlier studies. While evaluating defects/lesions of the glenoid, this fact could be useful
Meeting Report on the International Conference of ECMO-Life Support for Pakistan in 21st Century held May 11-12, 2017, Lahore
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support (ECMO) is indicated in severe heart or lung failure with 80 percent or more risk of mortality. In experienced centers, overall survival to discharge ranges from 40 percent in cardiac arrest with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) to 70 percent for respiratory failure in adults. Overall survival in children is about 80 percent and newborns with severe lung injury can recover to normal function following prolonged ECMO support, thus, re-defining irreversible lung injury. In the future, ECMO will be automatically controlled with care out of the Intensive care units (ICU) or at home. The International Conference of ECMO-Life Support for Pakistan in 21st Century which was recently held in Lahore, Pakistan on May 11 - 12, 2017. It was to bring together the best of cardiothoracic and vascular surgeons, heart failure cardiologist, adult and pediatric intensivists, pulmonologists, anaesthetists, cardiovascular nurses, postgraduate trainees, para-medical staff, perfusionists, ambulance cardiac first responders and cardiovascular scientists for thought provoking evidence based discussions on the direction and flow of ECMO technology for Pakistan and the Developing World in the next decade. The aim of this conference was to share knowledge on ECMO technologies, advancements and their impact on the health capacity building
Polynomial Delay Algorithm for Listing Minimal Edge Dominating sets in Graphs
The Transversal problem, i.e, the enumeration of all the minimal transversals
of a hypergraph in output-polynomial time, i.e, in time polynomial in its size
and the cumulated size of all its minimal transversals, is a fifty years old
open problem, and up to now there are few examples of hypergraph classes where
the problem is solved. A minimal dominating set in a graph is a subset of its
vertex set that has a non empty intersection with the closed neighborhood of
every vertex. It is proved in [M. M. Kant\'e, V. Limouzy, A. Mary, L. Nourine,
On the Enumeration of Minimal Dominating Sets and Related Notions, In Revision
2014] that the enumeration of minimal dominating sets in graphs and the
enumeration of minimal transversals in hypergraphs are two equivalent problems.
Hoping this equivalence can help to get new insights in the Transversal
problem, it is natural to look inside graph classes. It is proved independently
and with different techniques in [Golovach et al. - ICALP 2013] and [Kant\'e et
al. - ISAAC 2012] that minimal edge dominating sets in graphs (i.e, minimal
dominating sets in line graphs) can be enumerated in incremental
output-polynomial time. We provide the first polynomial delay and polynomial
space algorithm that lists all the minimal edge dominating sets in graphs,
answering an open problem of [Golovach et al. - ICALP 2013]. Besides the
result, we hope the used techniques that are a mix of a modification of the
well-known Berge's algorithm and a strong use of the structure of line graphs,
are of great interest and could be used to get new output-polynomial time
algorithms.Comment: proofs simplified from previous version, 12 pages, 2 figure
Application of the House Based on Type of House Specifications Using Microsoft Visual 6.0
This application provides specification information about the home form of house type, room specifications, technical specifications, facilities, environment and price list. This application was created to help people who want to get a decent dwelling to be occupied. This application is created using Visual Basic 6.0 pempgraman language with the intention that the resulting display is the user interface
Patterns in high-frequency FX data: Discovery of 12 empirical scaling laws
We have discovered 12 independent new empirical scaling laws in foreign
exchange data-series that hold for close to three orders of magnitude and
across 13 currency exchange rates. Our statistical analysis crucially depends
on an event-based approach that measures the relationship between different
types of events. The scaling laws give an accurate estimation of the length of
the price-curve coastline, which turns out to be surprisingly long. The new
laws substantially extend the catalogue of stylised facts and sharply constrain
the space of possible theoretical explanations of the market mechanisms.Comment: 26 pages, 3 figures, 23 tables,2nd version (text made more concise
and readable, algorithm pseudocode, results unchanged), 5-year datasets
(USD-JPY, EUR-USD) provided at http://www.olsen.ch/more/datasets
Size of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in schizophrenia
Background Meta-analyses of
hippocampal size have indicated thatthis
structure is smaller in schizophrenia.This
could reflect a reductioninthe size of
constituent neurons or a reduced number
of neurons.
Aims To measure the size of
hippocampalpyramidalneuronsinthe hippocampalpyramidalneurons inthe
brains of peoplewith andwithout
schizophrenia.
Method Pyramidalneuron size in
hippocampal subfieldswas estimated
stereologically fromsections taken at
5mmintervals throughoutthewhole
length of right and left hippocampi from
andleft the brains of13 peoplewith schizophrenia
and16 controls.Resultswere assessed
using repeated-measures analysis of
covariance looking for amain effectof
diagnosis and gender, andinteractions of
and interactions thesewith side.
Results Wewere unable to detect
significantdifferences related to diagnosis,
gender or side for any hippocampal
subfield for this series of cases.
Conclusions For this series of brains,
hippocampal cell size is unchangedin
schizophrenia
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p22phox C242T Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Inhibits Inflammatory Oxidative Damage to Endothelial Cells and Vessels.
BACKGROUND: The NADPH oxidase, by generating reactive oxygen species, is involved in the pathophysiology of many cardiovascular diseases and represents a therapeutic target for the development of novel drugs. A single-nucleotide polymorphism, C242T of the p22(phox) subunit of NADPH oxidase, has been reported to be negatively associated with coronary heart disease and may predict disease prevalence. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: With the use of computer molecular modeling, we discovered that C242T single-nucleotide polymorphism causes significant structural changes in the extracellular loop of p22(phox) and reduces its interaction stability with Nox2 subunit. Gene transfection of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells showed that C242T p22(phox) significantly reduced Nox2 expression but had no significant effect on basal endothelial O2 (.-) production or the expression of Nox1 and Nox4. When cells were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-α (or high glucose), C242T p22(phox) significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α-induced Nox2 maturation, O2 (.-) production, mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor κB activation, and inflammation (all P<0.05). These C242T effects were further confirmed using p22(phox) short-hairpin RNA-engineered HeLa cells and Nox2(-/-) coronary microvascular endothelial cells. Clinical significance was investigated by using saphenous vein segments from non-coronary heart disease subjects after phlebotomies. TT (C242T) allele was common (prevalence of ≈22%) and, in comparison with CC, veins bearing TT allele had significantly lower levels of Nox2 expression and O2 (.-) generation in response to high-glucose challenge. CONCLUSIONS: C242T single-nucleotide polymorphism causes p22(phox) structural changes that inhibit endothelial Nox2 activation and oxidative response to tumor necrosis factor-α or high-glucose stimulation. C242T single-nucleotide polymorphism may represent a natural protective mechanism against inflammatory cardiovascular diseases
Polymeric templating synthesis of anatase TiO₂ nanoparticles from low-cost inorganic titanium sources
A novel facile and cost-effective synthesis method for anatase TiO₂ nanoparticles has been developed by using poly-acrylic acid hydrogel as template at room temperature. The newly developed synthesis method avoids the use of hazardous reagents and/or hydrothermal steps, and enables production of highly active TiO₂ nanoparticles from low cost inorganic titanium sources. The synthesized TiO₂ nanoparticles have been studied in several applications including dye-sensitized solar cells as a photoanode as well as in organics degradation of methyl orange in aqueous media. Good photocatalytic performances were obtained in both applications
Fractional Cauchy problems on bounded domains: survey of recent results
In a fractional Cauchy problem, the usual first order time derivative is
replaced by a fractional derivative. This problem was first considered by
\citet{nigmatullin}, and \citet{zaslavsky} in for modeling some
physical phenomena.
The fractional derivative models time delays in a diffusion process. We will
give a survey of the recent results on the fractional Cauchy problem and its
generalizations on bounded domains D\subset \rd obtained in \citet{m-n-v-aop,
mnv-2}. We also study the solutions of fractional Cauchy problem where the
first time derivative is replaced with an infinite sum of fractional
derivatives. We point out a connection to eigenvalue problems for the
fractional time operators considered. The solutions to the eigenvalue problems
are expressed by Mittag-Leffler functions and its generalized versions. The
stochastic solution of the eigenvalue problems for the fractional derivatives
are given by inverse subordinators
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