Coping with the legacies of subsidized mortgage credit in Hungary

The authors examine alternatives for dealing with the initial conditions of housing finance facing countries making the transition to a market economy and moving toward a more efficient and equitable system. They focus on the problem of restructuring the stock of housing loans that exist at the time a new regime is implemented. Almost without exception, the stock of housing loans is yielding heavily subsidized rates, and its market value is significantly below its book value. Hungary makes an interesting case study. The mortgage portfolio inherited from past regimes makes especially clear the perverse implications of housing finance systems based on across-the-board subsidized interest rates. The authors propose a general approach to finding options to reduce the fiscal burden implicit in the subsidized housing loan portfolio. They identify mechanisms to reduce the interest subsidy embodied in that portfolio as well as mechanisms to spread the associated losses among those benefiting from the subsidies as well as among other parties. Clearly any residual subsidy must be absorbed by the government and ultimately by the population in the form of increased taxation or decreased availability of public services. The problem is complex and no obvious, easily implementable solutions emerge. But delaying action could hardly improve the situation.Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research,Public Sector Economics&Finance,Housing Finance,Urban Economics

Three-dimensional microfabrication through a multimode optical fiber

Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is an advanced manufacturing technique that allows the fabrication of arbitrary macroscopic and microscopic objects. All 3D printing systems require large optical elements or nozzles in proximity to the built structure. This prevents their use in applications in which there is no direct access to the area where the objects have to be printed. Here, we demonstrate three-dimensional microfabrication based on two-photon polymerization (TPP) with sub diffraction-limited resolution through an ultra-thin, 50 mm long printing nozzle of 560 micrometers in diameter. Using wavefront shaping, femtosecond infrared pulses are focused and scanned through a multimode optical fiber (MMF) inside a photoresist that polymerizes via two-photon absorption. We show the construction of arbitrary 3D structures of 500 nm resolution on the other side of the fiber. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of microfabrication through a multimode optical fiber. Our work represents a new area which we refer to as endofabrication

Promiscuity and high level of multiple paternity in common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis): data from microsatellite markers

Little is known about themating system of the common wall lizard Podarcis muralis. Behavioural and observational data have demonstrated that females frequently mate with multiple males. However, the possible occurrence of multiple paternity has never been investigated. By using microsatellite paternity analysis in a wild population, we document this species indeed mate promiscuously and these matings resulted in multiple paternity in at least 87% of the clutches examined. [Authors]]]> Lizards ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Microsatellite Repeats eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17EAFC1A4DE4 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17EAFC1A4DE4 Encapsulation of neurotrophic factor-releasing cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. info:doi:10.3233/RNN-1995-81215 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3233/RNN-1995-81215 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/21551809 Aebischer, P. Tan, S.A. Déglon, N. Heyd, B. Zurn, A. Baetge, E. Sagot, Y. Kato, A. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 1995 Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 65-66 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0922-6028 urn:issn:0922-6028 eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17EB1DA9D7D0 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17EB1DA9D7D0 De la représentation des assurés devant le tribunal arbitral des assurances institué par l'article 89 LAMal Duc, J.-L. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2011 Pratique juridique actuelle (AJP/PJA), vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 85-89 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1660-3362 fre oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17EBAE571092 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17EBAE571092 Relations between bone densitometry of the forearm and quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus in elderly women Krieg, M.A. Bovard, E. Cornuz, J. Häuselmann, H.J. Burckhardt, P. info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject inproceedings 1998 2nd Joint Meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research and the International Bone and Mineral Society, vol. 23, pp. F476 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/isbn/8756-3282 eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17EC19A8E9D8 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z urnserval <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17EC19A8E9D8 Culture de la performance et abus sexuels dans le sport Ohl, Fabien Schoch, Lucie info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2020-02-05 Le Temps fre https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_17EC19A8E9D8.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_17EC19A8E9D88 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_17EC19A8E9D88 info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Restricted: indefinite embargo Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17ED39C35D5A 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17ED39C35D5A Lectures et plaisirs : pour une reconceptualisation des modes et des types de lecture littéraire info:doi:10.4000/edl.610 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.4000/edl.610 http://www.unil.ch/edl/fr/home.html Bemporad, C. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2014 Etudes de Lettres. Revue de la Faculté des Lettres de l'Université de Lausanne, no. 1, pp. 65-83 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/2296-5084 fre X2074055640/507 <OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"> 2022-05-11T12:07:00Z http://serval.unil.ch/oaiprovider/ oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17ED46F3E2BE 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17ED46F3E2BE Stapled Porcine Pericardium Displays Lower Infectivity In Vitro Than Native and Sutured Porcine Pericardium. info:doi:10.1016/j.jss.2021.11.013 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.jss.2021.11.013 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/34973547 Del Tatto, B. Le Roy, D. Lambelet, M. Corpataux, J.M. Chakfé, N. Giulieri, S. Allagnat, F. Roger, T. Saucy, F. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2022-04 The Journal of surgical research, vol. 272, pp. 132-138 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1095-8673 urn:issn:0022-4804 <![CDATA[Biological xenografts using tubulized porcine pericardium are an alternative to replace infected prosthetic graft. We recently reported an innovative technique using a stapled porcine pericardial bioconduit for immediate vascular reconstruction in emergency. The objective of this study is to compare the growth and adherence to grafts of bacteria and yeast incubated with stapled porcine pericardium, sutured or naked pericardium. One square centimeter of porcine pericardial patches, with or without staples or sutures, was incubated with 10 &lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; colony forming units of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans for 1, 6, and 24 h. The medium was collected to quantify planktonic microorganisms, while grafts were sonicated to quantify adherent microorganisms. Dacron and Dacron Silver were analyzed in parallel as synthetic reference prostheses. Stapled porcine pericardium reduced the growth and the adherence of E coli (2- to 30-fold; P &lt; 0.0005), S aureus (11- to 1000-fold; P &lt; 0.0006), S epidermidis (&gt;500-fold; P &lt; 0.0001), and C albicans (12- to 50-fold; P &lt; 0.0001) when compared to medium alone (growth) and pericardium or Dacron (adherence). Native and sutured porcine pericardium interfered with the growth and the adherence of E coli and C albicans, and Dacron with that of S epidermidis. As expected, Dacron Silver was robustly bactericidal. Stapled porcine pericardium exhibited a lower susceptibility to infection by bacteria and yeasts in vitro when compared to the native and sutured porcine pericardium. Stapled porcine pericardium might be a good option for rapid vascular grafting without increasing infectivity

Synthesis and fluorine-mediated interactions in methanol-encapsulated solid state self-assembly of an isatin-thiazoline hybrid

International audienceAn exciting isatin-thiazoline hybrid molecule 2 having -C=N-N=C- linkage has been synthesized in 88% yield by the reaction of 5-fluoroisatin with N-(4-fluorophenyl)hydrazinecarbothioamide followed by condensation of the resultant isatin-thiosemicarbazone intermediate with p-chlorophenacyl bromide. The solid state self-assembly of this hybrid molecule was studied by X-ray crystallographic technique. A layered assembly composed of 1D-chains with methanol molecules encapsulated between every two chains is obtained, making a bi-chain sandwich like structure. The supramolecular forces involved in the stabilization of this structure are importantly fluorine-mediated interactions (C-H···F, F···S and F···π) along with others i.e. N-H···O, O-H···O, C-H···O, Cl···π, C-H···π and π···π interactions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of solid state fluorine-mediated C-H···F, F···S and F···π interactions found in a family of isatin-based compound

Along-strike variations of P-T conditions in accretionary wedges and syn-orogenic extension, the HP-LT Phyllite-Quartzite Nappe in Crete and the Peloponnese

International audienceSyn-orogenic detachments in accretionary wedges make the exhumation of high-pressure and low-temperature metamorphic rocks possible with little erosion. The velocity of exhumation within the subduction channel or the accretionary complex, and thus the shape of P-T paths, depend upon the kinematic boundary conditions. A component of slab retreat tends to open the channel and facilitates the exhumation. We document the effect of slab retreat on the shape of P-T paths using the example of the Phyllite-Quartzite Nappe that has been exhumed below the Cretan syn-orogenic detachment during the Miocene in Crete and the Peloponnese. Data show a clear tendency toward colder conditions at peak pressure and during exhumation where the intensity of slab retreat is larger. This spatial evolution of P-T gradient is accompanied with an evolution from a partly coaxial regime below the Peloponnese section of the detachment toward a clearly non-coaxial regime in Crete

Petrophysical properties across scales and compositions

The scales at which observations from geophysical imaging are made are orders of magnitude larger than those made in field-based studies of fossil subduction and collision zones. Even more so, the determination of petrophysical properties of rocks is typically based on millimeter to centimeter-scale samples, and the so-obtained information is then used to inform large-scale geophysical imaging studies. Information on how such properties can be up-scaled to geophysically relevant scales is rare, underlining the need to combine petrophysical properties with structural data, obtained from relevant field analogues. We provide results from three field analogues; (1) Tenda massif, Corsica, (2) Monte Mucrone, Sesia Zone, western Alps, and (3) Holsnøy, Lindås nappe, Scandinavian Caledonides. The bulk rock compositions cover a gradient from felsic (1-2) to mafic (3), as would be expected in the upper and lower continental crust, respectively. Petrophysical properties (P and S wave velocities and their ratios and anisotropies) were determined by direct measurement (ultrasonic pulse transmission technique) and calculated (based on texture data from neutron diffraction measurements). The data set is then used for numerical modeling (finite element method) of meter to kilometer-scale structural associations as mapped in the field (3). The obtained results show that high-pressure metamorphism of mafic rocks results in significant increase in both P and S wave velocities, that in principle would generate a sufficient impedance contrast to be imaged by seismic methods. While structures observed in the field are typically below the scale of geophysical imaging techniques, our considerations of bulk petrophysical properties indicate that significant anisotropy may still be detectable on the kilometer scale. On the other hand, the increase of P and S wave velocities of felsic rocks during high pressure metamorphism is much smaller, however, as such compositions have a higher potential to form rocks with high mica contents, they display a large variability in seismic anisotropy, hinting at the potential to link relatively low seismic velocities, combined with high anisotropy to fluid intake during metamorphism

Four quasars above redshift 6 discovered by the Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey

The Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey (CFHQS) is an optical survey designed to locate quasars during the epoch of reionization. In this paper we present the discovery of the first four CFHQS quasars at redshift greater than 6, including the most distant known quasar, CFHQS J2329-0301 at z=6.43. We describe the observational method used to identify the quasars and present optical, infrared, and millimeter photometry and optical and near-infrared spectroscopy. We investigate the dust properties of these quasars finding an unusual dust extinction curve for one quasar and a high far-infrared luminosity due to dust emission for another. The mean millimeter continuum flux for CFHQS quasars is substantially lower than that for SDSS quasars at the same redshift, likely due to a correlation with quasar UV luminosity. For two quasars with sufficiently high signal-to-noise optical spectra, we use the spectra to investigate the ionization state of hydrogen at z>5. For CFHQS J1509-1749 at z=6.12, we find significant evolution (beyond a simple extrapolation of lower redshift data) in the Gunn-Peterson optical depth at z>5.4. The line-of-sight to this quasar has one of the highest known optical depths at z~5.8. An analysis of the sizes of the highly-ionized near-zones in the spectra of two quasars at z=6.12 and z=6.43 suggest the IGM surrounding these quasars was substantially ionized before these quasars turned on. Together, these observations point towards an extended reionization process, but we caution that cosmic variance is still a major limitation in z>6 quasar observations.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, AJ, in press, minor changes to previous versio

The Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey: nine new quasars and the luminosity function at redshift 6

We present discovery imaging and spectroscopy for nine new z ~ 6 quasars found in the Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey (CFHQS) bringing the total number of CFHQS quasars to 19. By combining the CFHQS with the more luminous SDSS sample we are able to derive the quasar luminosity function from a sample of 40 quasars at redshifts 5.74 < z < 6.42. Our binned luminosity function shows a slightly lower normalisation and flatter slope than found in previous work. The binned data also suggest a break in the luminosity function at M_1450 approx -25. A double power law maximum likelihood fit to the data is consistent with the binned results. The luminosity function is strongly constrained (1 sigma uncertainty < 0.1 dex) over the range -27.5 < M_1450 < -24.7. The best-fit parameters are Phi(M_1450^*) = 1.14 x 10^-8 Mpc^-3 mag^-1, break magnitude M_1450^* = -25.13 and bright end slope beta = -2.81. However the covariance between beta and M_1450^* prevents strong constraints being placed on either parameter. For a break magnitude in the range -26 < M_1450^* < -24 we find -3.8 < beta < -2.3 at 95% confidence. We calculate the z = 6 quasar intergalactic ionizing flux and show it is between 20 and 100 times lower than that necessary for reionization. Finally, we use the luminosity function to predict how many higher redshift quasars may be discovered in future near-IR imaging surveys.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, AJ in pres