A history of the Eleventh New Hampshire Regiment, Volunteer Infantry in the rebellion war, 1861-1865

Mode of access: Internet

History of the town of Henniker, Merrimack County, New Hampshire, from the date of the Canada grant by the province of Massachusetts, in 1735, to 1880; with a genealogical register of the families of Henniker.

Mode of access: Internet

Effective sigma models and lattice Ward identities

We perform a lattice analysis of the Faddeev-Niemi effective action conjectured to describe the low-energy sector of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. To this end we generate an ensemble of unit vector fields ("color spins") n from the Wilson action. The ensemble does not show long-range order but exhibits a mass gap of the order of 1 GeV. From the distribution of color spins we reconstruct approximate effective actions by means of exact lattice Schwinger-Dyson and Ward identities ("inverse Monte Carlo"). We show that the generated ensemble cannot be recovered from a Faddeev-Niemi action, modified in a minimal way by adding an explicit symmetry-breaking term to avoid the appearance of Goldstone modes.Comment: 25 pages, 17 figures, JHEP styl

Pellicle ultrastructure demonstrates that Moyeria is a fossil euglenid

An earlier proposal of euglenid affinity for the acritarch Moyeria was based primarily on the pattern of bi-helical striate ornamentation as seen in scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Examination of specimens using transmission electron microscopy reveals that the ‘striae’ are actually integral components of the microfossil wall itself, corresponding to the pellicle strips of some euglenid species today. A Silurian specimen from Scotland preserves an articulated wall composed of thickened arches and thinner U-shaped interconnecting segments paralleling that seen in some modern photosynthetic euglenids. A second specimen from the Moyeria holotype section (Silurian of New York State) shows fused articulation, again compatible with some extant euglenids. This evidence is sufficient to transfer Moyeria out of the Incertae sedis group, Acritarcha, and into the Euglenida. This proposal helps establish the morphological basis for the recognition of euglenid microfossils and ultimately provides evidence of a lengthy fossil record of the eukaryotic supergroup Excavata

An affect misattribution pathway to perceptions of intrinsic reward

Intrinsic rewards are typically thought to stem from an activity's inherent properties and not from separable rewards one receives from it. Yet, people may not consciously notice or remember all the subtle external rewards that correspond with an activity and may misattribute some directly to the activity itself. We propose that perceptions of intrinsic reward can often be byproducts of misattributed causal inference, and present some initial evidence that perceptions of intrinsic reward can in fact increase when words pertaining to an activity are subtly paired with pleasant context cues. Importantly, these effects follow classic boundary conditions of both misattribution and intrinsic motivation; insofar as they were extinguished when participants could make a proper source attribution and/or when the activity became associated with a blatant external reward. We further propose a distinction can be made between authentically "intrinsic" rewards and the illusion of intrinsic rewards caused by misattributed positive affect

Collective T- and P- Odd Electromagnetic Moments in Nuclei with Octupole Deformations

Parity and time invariance violating forces produce collective P- and T- odd moments in nuclei with static octupole deformation. Collective Schiff moment, electric octupole and dipole and also magnetic quadrupole appear due to the mixing of rotational levels of opposite parity and can exceed single-particle moments by more than a factor of 100. This enhancement is due to two factors, the collective nature of the intrinsic moments and the small energy separation between members of parity doublets. The above moments induce T- and P- odd effects in atoms and molecules. Experiments with such systems may improve substantially the limits on time reversal violation.Comment: 9 pages, Revte

Prediction modeling of physiological responses and human performance in the heat with application to space operations

This institute has developed a comprehensive USARIEM heat strain model for predicting physiological responses and soldier performance in the heat which has been programmed for use by hand-held calculators, personal computers, and incorporated into the development of a heat strain decision aid. This model deals directly with five major inputs: the clothing worn, the physical work intensity, the state of heat acclimation, the ambient environment (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar load), and the accepted heat casualty level. In addition to predicting rectal temperature, heart rate, and sweat loss given the above inputs, our model predicts the expected physical work/rest cycle, the maximum safe physical work time, the estimated recovery time from maximal physical work, and the drinking water requirements associated with each of these situations. This model provides heat injury risk management guidance based on thermal strain predictions from the user specified environmental conditions, soldier characteristics, clothing worn, and the physical work intensity. If heat transfer values for space operations' clothing are known, NASA can use this prediction model to help avoid undue heat strain in astronauts during space flight

Diffusing More Objects for Semi-Supervised Domain Adaptation with Less Labeling

For object detection, it is possible to view the prediction of bounding boxes as a reverse diffusion process. Using a diffusion model, the random bounding boxes are iteratively refined in a denoising step, conditioned on the image. We propose a stochastic accumulator function that starts each run with random bounding boxes and combines the slightly different predictions. We empirically verify that this improves detection performance. The improved detections are leveraged on unlabelled images as weighted pseudo-labels for semi-supervised learning. We evaluate the method on a challenging out-of-domain test set. Our method brings significant improvements and is on par with human-selected pseudo-labels, while not requiring any human involvement.Comment: 4 pages, Workshop on DiffusionModels, NeurIPS 202

Enhanced T-odd P-odd Electromagnetic Moments in Reflection Asymmetric Nuclei

Collective P- and T- odd moments produced by parity and time invariance violating forces in reflection asymmetric nuclei are considered. The enhanced collective Schiff, electric dipole and octupole moments appear due to the mixing of rotational levels of opposite parity. These moments can exceed single-particle moments by more than two orders of magnitude. The enhancement is due to the collective nature of the intrinsic moments and the small energy separation between members of parity doublets. In turn these nuclear moments induce enhanced T- and P- odd effects in atoms and molecules. First a simple estimate is given and then a detailed theoretical treatment of the collective T-, P- odd electric moments in reflection asymmetric, odd-mass nuclei is presented and various corrections evaluated. Calculations are performed for octupole deformed long-lived odd-mass isotopes of Rn, Fr, Ra, Ac and Pa and the corresponding atoms. Experiments with such atoms may improve substantially the limits on time reversal violation.Comment: 28 pages, Revte

Effective lattice theories for Polyakov loops

We derive effective actions for SU(2) Polyakov loops using inverse Monte Carlo techniques. In a first approach, we determine the effective couplings by requiring that the effective ensemble reproduces the single-site distribution of the Polyakov loops. The latter is flat below the critical temperature implying that the (untraced) Polyakov loop is distributed uniformly over its target space, the SU(2) group manifold. This allows for an analytic determination of the Binder cumulant and the distribution of the mean-field, which turns out to be approximately Gaussian. In a second approach, we employ novel lattice Schwinger-Dyson equations which reflect the SU(2) x SU(2) invariance of the functional Haar measure. Expanding the effective action in terms of SU(2) group characters makes the numerics sufficiently stable so that we are able to extract a total number of 14 couplings. The resulting action is short-ranged and reproduces the Yang-Mills correlators very well.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures, v2: method refined, chapter and references adde