Sudden Unexpected Natural Death in the Youth; an Iranian Single Center Investigation

Background: Sudden unexpected natural death (SUND) has not been studied in Iran. Herein we investigated its main causes in our country.Methods: Records of 80 cases registered to a single referral center were investigated to determine the distribution of sex, age, and etiology of death.Results: Fifty eight (72.5%), 6 (7.5%), 6 (7.5%) and 4 (5%) of our cases have died due to various types of heart diseases, cerebral events, pulmonary emboli and gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), respectively. Moreover, men are victims of SUND more that women (83.7% vs.16.3%, respectively).Conclusion: Policies should be planned by the governments to prevent youth mortality in societies. These attempts should especially target ischemic heart disease

Basic Criteria, Models, and Indicators of Intersectoral Collaboration in Health Promotion: A Scoping Review

Background: In this study, the basic criteria, models, and indicators of intersectoral collaboration in health promotion were investigated to facilitate the implementation of collaboration.&#x0D; Methods: This scoping review was conducted using datasets of Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, and search engines of Google, Google Scholar, and ProQuest.&#x0D; Results: 52 studies were included, and 32 codes in Micro, Meso, and Macro level, were obtained. Micro-level criteria had the highest frequency. Among the models used in the reviewed studies, social network analysis, Diagnosis of Sustainable Collaboration, Bergen, and logic models had the highest frequency. Among the indicators studied, the number of participants and the level of collaboration as well as its sustainability were the most frequent indicators.&#x0D; Conclusion: The findings identified the most important and widely used criteria, models, and indicators of intersectoral collaboration in health promotion which can be useful for decision-makers and planners in the domain of health promotion, in designing, implementing, and evaluating collaborative programs.</jats:p

Mupirocin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens causing nosocomial and community-acquired infections associated with high morbidity and mortality. Mupirocin has been increasingly used for treatment of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of mupirocin-resistant S. aureus (MuRSA), mupirocin-resistant MRSA (MuRMRSA), high-level MuRSA (HLMuRSA) and high-level MuRMRSA (HLMuRMRSA) worldwide. Methods: Online databases including Medline, Embase and Web of Science were searched (2000�2018) to identify studies addressing the prevalence of MuRSA, MuRMRSA, HLMuRSA and HLMuRMRSA. STATA v. software was used to interpret the data. Results: Of the 2243 records identified from the databases, 30 and 63 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria for MuRSA and MuRMRSA, respectively. Finally, 27 and 60 studies were included separately for HLMuRSA and HLMuRMRSA, respectively. The analyses revealed pooled and averaged prevalences of MuRSA, MuRMRSA, HLMuRSA and HLMuRMRSA of 7.6 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.2�9.0%, 13.8% (95% CI 12.0�15.6%), 8.5% (95% CI 6.3�10.7%) and 8.1% (95% CI 6.8�9.4%), respectively. Conclusion: Overall, these results show a global increase in the prevalence of HLMuRSA and HLMuRMRSA among clinical S. aureus isolates over time. However, there was only a significant increase in the prevalence of MuRMRSA compared with the other categories, especially MuRSA. Since mupirocin remains the most effective antibiotic for MSSA and MRSA decolonisation both in patients and healthcare personnel, a reduction of its effectiveness presents a risk for invasive infection. Monitoring of mupirocin resistance development remains critical. © 2019 International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherap

Constructing TI-Friendly Substitution Boxes Using Shift-Invariant Permutations

The threat posed by side channels requires ciphers that can be efficiently protected in both software and hardware against such attacks. In this paper, we proposed a novel Sbox construction based on iterations of shift-invariant quadratic permutations and linear diffusions. Owing to the selected quadratic permutations, all of our Sboxes enable uniform 3-share threshold implementations, which provide first order SCA protections without any fresh randomness. More importantly, because of the shift-invariant property, there are ample implementation trade-offs available, in software as well as hardware. We provide implementation results (software and hardware) for a four-bit and an eight-bit Sbox, which confirm that our constructions are competitive and can be easily adapted to various platforms as claimed. We have successfully verified their resistance to first order attacks based on real acquisitions. Because there are very few studies focusing on software-based threshold implementations, our software implementations might be of independent interest in this regard

An all-solid-state laser source at 671 nm for cold atom experiments with lithium

We present an all solid-state narrow line-width laser source emitting $670\,\mathrm{mW}$ output power at $671\,\mathrm{nm}$ delivered in a diffraction-limited beam. The \linebreak source is based on a fre-quency-doubled diode-end-linebreak pumped ring laser operating on the ${^4F}_{3/2} \rightarrow {^4I}_{13/2}$ transition in Nd:YVO$_4$. By using periodically-poled po-tassium titanyl phosphate (ppKTP) in an external build-up cavity, doubling efficiencies of up to 86% are obtained. Tunability of the source over $100\,\rm GHz$ is accomplished. We demonstrate the suitability of this robust frequency-stabilized light source for laser cooling of lithium atoms. Finally a simplified design based on intra-cavity doubling is described and first results are presented

Global genotype distribution of human clinical isolates of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae; A systematic review

Background and Aim: The global rise of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial strains is a rapidly growing challenge and is becoming a major public health concern. This study documents the worldwide spread and genotype distribution of human clinical isolates of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (NPKP). Methods: Several international databases, including Web of Science, Embase and Medline were searched (2010 - 2019) to identify studies addressing the frequency of NPKP regionally or worldwide. Results: Of 4779 articles identified, 202 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in our analysis. The frequency of NPKP in Asia, Europe, America, Africa and Oceania was 64.6, 20.1, 9.0, 5.6 and 0.4, respectively. The most prevalent sequence types (STs) among NPKP were ST11, ST290, ST147, ST340, ST15, ST278 and ST14 based on published studies. Conclusion: The dissemination of blaNDM variants in different STs among NPKP in the various region of world is a serious concern to public health. The prevalence of NPKP should be controlled by comprehensive infection control measures and optimization of antibiotic therapy. © 202

A Novel RSSI Prediction Using Imperialist Competition Algorithm (ICA), Radial Basis Function (RBF) and Firefly Algorithm (FFA) in Wireless Networks

This study aims to design a vertical handover prediction method to minimize unnecessary handovers for a mobile node (MN) during the vertical handover process. This relies on a novel method for the prediction of a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) referred to as IRBF-FFA, which is designed by utilizing the imperialist competition algorithm (ICA) to train the radial basis function (RBF), and by hybridizing with the firefly algorithm (FFA) to predict the optimal solution. The prediction accuracy of the proposed IRBF–FFA model was validated by comparing it to support vector machines (SVMs) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) models. In order to assess the model’s performance, we measured the coefficient of determination (R2), correlation coefficient (r), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The achieved results indicate that the IRBF–FFA model provides more precise predictions compared to different ANNs, namely, support vector machines (SVMs) and multilayer perceptron (MLP). The performance of the proposed model is analyzed through simulated and real-time RSSI measurements. The results also suggest that the IRBF–FFA model can be applied as an efficient technique for the accurate prediction of vertical handover