3,897 research outputs found
Exchange energy and generalized polarization in the presence of spin-orbit coupling in two dimensions
We discuss a general form of the exchange energy for a homogeneous system of
interacting electrons in two spatial dimensions which is particularly suited in
the presence of a generic spin-orbit interaction. The theory is best formulated
in terms of a generalized fractional electronic polarization. Remarkably we
find that a net generalized polarization does not necessarily translate into an
increase in the magnitude of the exchange energy, a fact that in turn favors
unpolarized states. Our results account qualitatively for the findings of
recent experimental investigations
Universal finite size corrections and the central charge in non solvable Ising models
We investigate a non solvable two-dimensional ferromagnetic Ising model with
nearest neighbor plus weak finite range interactions of strength \lambda. We
rigorously establish one of the predictions of Conformal Field Theory (CFT),
namely the fact that at the critical temperature the finite size corrections to
the free energy are universal, in the sense that they are exactly independent
of the interaction. The corresponding central charge, defined in terms of the
coefficient of the first subleading term to the free energy, as proposed by
Affleck and Blote-Cardy-Nightingale, is constant and equal to 1/2 for all
0<\lambda<\lambda_0 and \lambda_0 a small but finite convergence radius. This
is one of the very few cases where the predictions of CFT can be rigorously
verified starting from a microscopic non solvable statistical model. The proof
uses a combination of rigorous renormalization group methods with a novel
partition function inequality, valid for ferromagnetic interactions.Comment: 43 pages, 1 figur
Convergence of density-matrix expansions for nuclear interactions
We extend density-matrix expansions in nuclei to higher orders in derivatives
of densities and test their convergence properties. The expansions allow for
converting the interaction energies characteristic to finite- and short-range
nuclear effective forces into quasi-local density functionals. We also propose
a new type of expansion that has excellent convergence properties when
benchmarked against the binding energies obtained for the Gogny interaction.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Non perturbative Adler-Bardeen Theorem
The Adler-Bardeen theorem has been proved only as a statement valid at all
orders in perturbation theory, without any control on the convergence of the
series. In this paper we prove a nonperturbative version of the Adler-Bardeen
theorem in by using recently developed technical tools in the theory of
Grassmann integration.Comment: 28 pages, 14 figure
Froth-like minimizers of a non local free energy functional with competing interactions
We investigate the ground and low energy states of a one dimensional non
local free energy functional describing at a mean field level a spin system
with both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. In particular, the
antiferromagnetic interaction is assumed to have a range much larger than the
ferromagnetic one. The competition between these two effects is expected to
lead to the spontaneous emergence of a regular alternation of long intervals on
which the spin profile is magnetized either up or down, with an oscillation
scale intermediate between the range of the ferromagnetic and that of the
antiferromagnetic interaction. In this sense, the optimal or quasi-optimal
profiles are "froth-like": if seen on the scale of the antiferromagnetic
potential they look neutral, but if seen at the microscope they actually
consist of big bubbles of two different phases alternating among each other. In
this paper we prove the validity of this picture, we compute the oscillation
scale of the quasi-optimal profiles and we quantify their distance in norm from
a reference periodic profile. The proof consists of two main steps: we first
coarse grain the system on a scale intermediate between the range of the
ferromagnetic potential and the expected optimal oscillation scale; in this way
we reduce the original functional to an effective "sharp interface" one. Next,
we study the latter by reflection positivity methods, which require as a key
ingredient the exact locality of the short range term. Our proof has the
conceptual interest of combining coarse graining with reflection positivity
methods, an idea that is presumably useful in much more general contexts than
the one studied here.Comment: 38 pages, 2 figure
Heavy Superheated Droplet Detectors as a Probe of Spin-independent WIMP Dark Matter Existence
At present, application of Superheated Droplet Detectors (SDDs) in WIMP dark
matter searches has been limited to the spin-dependent sector, owing to the
general use of fluorinated refrigerants which have high spin sensitivity. Given
their recent demonstration of a significant constraint capability with
relatively small exposures and the relative economy of the technique, we
consider the potential impact of heavy versions of such devices on the
spin-independent sector. Limits obtainable from a -loaded SDD
are estimated on the basis of the radiopurity levels and backgrounds already
achieved by the SIMPLE and PICASSO experiments. With 34 kgd exposure,
equivalent to the current CDMS, such a device may already probe to below
10 pb in the spin-independent cross section.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted Phys. Rev.
Many-body effective mass enhancement in a two-dimensional electron liquid
Motivated by a large number of recent magnetotransport studies we have
revisited the problem of the microscopic calculation of the quasiparticle
effective mass in a paramagnetic two-dimensional (2D) electron liquid (EL). Our
systematic study is based on a generalized approximation which makes use
of the many-body local fields and takes advantage of the results of the most
recent QMC calculations of the static charge- and spin-response of the 2D EL.
We report extensive calculations for the many-body effective mass enhancement
over a broad range of electron densities. In this respect we critically examine
the relative merits of the on-shell approximation, commonly used in
weak-coupling situations, {\it versus} the actual self-consistent solution of
the Dyson equation. We show that already for and higher, a
solution of the Dyson equation proves here necessary in order to obtain a well
behaved effective mass. Finally we also show that our theoretical results for a
quasi-2D EL, free of any adjustable fitting parameters, are in good qualitative
agreement with some recent measurements in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, CMT28 Conference Proceedings, work related to
cond-mat/041226
Model-independent Limits from Spin-dependent WIMP Dark Matter Experiments
Spin-dependent WIMP searches have traditionally presented results within an
odd group approximation and by suppressing one of the spin-dependent
interaction cross sections. We here elaborate on a model-independent analysis
in which spin-dependent interactions with both protons and neutrons are
simultaneously considered. Within this approach, equivalent current limits on
the WIMP-nucleon interaction at WIMP mass of 50 GeV/c are either
pb, pb or ,
depending on the choice of cross section or coupling strength
representation. These limits become less restrictive for either larger or
smaller masses; they are less restrictive than those from the traditional odd
group approximation regardless of WIMP mass. Combination of experimental
results are seen to produce significantly more restrictive limits than those
obtained from any single experiment. Experiments traditionally considered
spin-independent are moreover found to severely limit the spin-dependent phase
space. The extension of this analysis to the case of positive signal
experiments is explored.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Ohmic contacts to GaAs for high-temperature device applications
Ohmic contacts to n-type GaAs were developed for high temperature device applications up to 300 C. Refractory metallizations were used with epitaxial Ge layers to form the contacts: TiW/Ge/GaAs, Ta/Ge/GaAs, Mo/Ge/GaAs, and Ni/Ge/GaAs. Contacts with high dose Si or Se ion implantation of the Ge/GaAs interface were also investigated. The contacts were fabricated on epitaxial GaAs layer grown on N+ or semi-insulating GaAs substrates. Ohmic contact was formed by both thermal annealing (at temperatures up to 700 C) and laser annealing (pulsed Ruby). Examination of the Ge/GaAs interface revealed Ge migration into GaAs to form an N+ doping layer. The specific contact resistances of specimens annealed by both methods are given
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