ANÁLISIS DE LA EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA DE UNA RED DE ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA DE RIEGO A PRESIÓN ATENDIENDO A LA NATURALEZA DE LAS CONDUCCIONES

[EN] In most of the modernised irrigation infrastructures, using pressurized pipelines in order to improve management and distribution of water, energy costs become one of the main costs for users. This work evaluates the cost of frictional pressure loss in an irrigation network, depending on the chosen material for pipes, in order to state differences among the materials. The objective of this work is to consider energy efficiency as a factor to keep in mind when selecting the material for pipes, in designing new networks. In order to analyze the performance of each material, we have established a comparative study among them, using the mathematical model of a real network with an hydraulic simulation software. The studied network is the Transport Network of “Real Acequia de Escalona”, which is set up in Villanueva de Castellón (Valencia), with a total length of 11 km of glass-fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), with nominal diameters between 400 and 800 mm. This network is operational since June 2011. The other studied materials are Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene, steel and cast iron. As a conclusion, the study shows us that the most efficient material (for the same diameter) is GFRP, with frictional losses of 52,0 MW·h/year. For the rest of the materials, this amount could be increased between 17,5% and 86%.[ES] En la mayor parte de instalaciones de riego comunitarias modernizadas, que utilizan conducciones a presión para facilitar el manejo y la distribución del agua, los costes energéticos constituyen uno de los principales costes para los regantes. Se pretende con este trabajo, cuantificar los costes de energía disipada por fricción para una red de riego, en función del material adoptado para sus conducciones, poniendo de manifiesto las diferencias entre ellos. Con objeto de considerar la eficiencia energética, como un factor más a tener en cuenta a la hora de seleccionar uno u otro material, para el diseño de nuevas instalaciones. Para analizar el comportamiento de cada material, se ha establecido una comparativa entre ellos, mediante la utilización del modelo matemático de una red existente en la realidad, a través de un software de simulación hidráulica. La red estudiada ha sido la red de transporte de la Real Acequia de Escalona; la cual discurre íntegramente en término municipal de Villanueva de Castellón (Valencia), con una longitud total de 11 km de conducciones de Poliéster reforzado con fibra de vidrio (PRFV), con diámetros nominales comprendidos entre los 400 mm y los 800 mm y que se encuentra en funcionamiento desde el mes de junio de 2011. Los otros materiales estudiados han sido: Policloruro de vinilo orientado (PVC-O), Polietileno (PE), Acero (AC) y Fundición dúctil (FD). Tras el análisis realizado se ha podido determinar que el material que tiene un funcionamiento más eficiente (a igualdad de DN para cada tramo) es el PRFV, con unas pérdidas por fricción de 52,0 MW·h/año. Para el resto de materiales, esta cantidad puede verse incrementada entre un 17,5% y un 86%Delgado De Molina Cánovas, JM.; Martínez, F.; Bórnez, F.; Bas, J. (2015). ANÁLISIS DE LA EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA DE UNA RED DE ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA DE RIEGO A PRESIÓN ATENDIENDO A LA NATURALEZA DE LAS CONDUCCIONES. En XXXIII CONGRESO NACIONAL DE RIEGOS. Valencia 16-18 junio de 2015. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/CNRiegos.2015.1464OC

Multi-phenotype analyses of hemostatic traits with cardiovascular events reveal novel genetic associations

Multi-phenotype analysis of genetically correlated phenotypes can increase the statistical power to detect loci associated with multiple traits, leading to the discovery of novel loci. This is the first study to date to comprehensively analyze the shared genetic effects within different hemostatic traits, and between these and their associated disease outcomes. To discover novel genetic associations by combining summary data of correlated hemostatic traits and disease events. Methods: Summary statistics from genome wide-association studies (GWAS) from seven hemostatic traits (factor VII [FVII], factor VIII [FVIII], von Willebrand factor [VWF] factor XI [FXI], fibrinogen, tissue plasminogen activator [tPA], plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 [PAI-1]) and three major cardiovascular (CV) events (venous thromboembolism [VTE], coronary artery disease [CAD], ischemic stroke [IS]), were combined in 27 multi-trait combinations using metaUSAT. Genetic correlations between phenotypes were calculated using Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC). Newly associated loci were investigated for colocalization. We considered a significance threshold of 1.85 × 10 obtained after applying Bonferroni correction for the number of multi-trait combinations performed (n = 27). Across the 27 multi-trait analyses, we found 4 novel pleiotropic loci (XXYLT1, KNG1, SUGP1/MAU2, TBL2/MLXIPL) that were not significant in the original individual datasets, were not described in previous GWAS for the individual traits, and that presented a common associated variant between the studied phenotypes. The discovery of four novel loci contributes to the understanding of the relationship between hemostasis and CV events and elucidate common genetic factors between these traits