540 research outputs found
Anishinaabeg Maternal Activism: We Sing a Prayer for the Water
My Anishinaabeg maternal activism arises from the water songs of my ancestors and the women of my Anishinaabeg community. As Anishinaabeg women and mothers, our maternal activism around water and water rights is rooted in our interconnected relationship with the water as women and mothers. The traditional and modern rationale of maternal activism is rooted not only in treaty responsibilities but also in the nibi-dibaajimowinan, such as our sacred prayers and songs. Anishinaabeg mothers, women, and those LGBTTIQQ2S+ persons who identify on the female gender spectrum take up the of role of the water activists to honour and uphold their duties to the water. The activist role is really an extension of our traditional roles as carriers of the water (e.g., menstruation, pregnancy, or inside copper pails during our ceremonies) and keepers of the treaty rights of water. Activism for the water is not only like protecting a relative but also like protecting ourselves because we are not living well as human beings, Anishinaabeg, unless we care for the water that sustains us. Anishinaabeg maternal activism is born out of our water songs. In this article, I explore why Anishinaabeg mothers engage in activism for the water. I explore the traditional teachings that inform Anishinaabeg maternal relationships to water. I explain Anishinaabeg womenâs path to activism through the teachings of womenâs role in warriorship. Last, I share some traditional prayer songs for the water that have been publicly published and explain their importance to Anishinaabeg maternal activism in relation to activism for the sovereignty of Indigenous water rights, culture, health, and territory
Symmetric groups and conjugacy classes
Let S_n be the symmetric group on n-letters. Fix n>5. Given any nontrivial
, we prove that the product of
the conjugacy classes and is never a conjugacy
class. Furthermore, if n is not even and is not a multiple of three, then
is the union of at least three distinct conjugacy
classes. We also describe the elements in the case when
is the union of exactly two distinct conjugacy
classes.Comment: 7 page
Diffusion of hydrogen in crystalline silicon
The coefficient of diffusion of hydrogen in crystalline silicon is calculated
using tight-binding molecular dynamics. Our results are in good quantitative
agreement with an earlier study by Panzarini and Colombo [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73,
1636 (1994)]. However, while our calculations indicate that long jumps dominate
over single hops at high temperatures, no abrupt change in the diffusion
coefficient can be observed with decreasing temperature. The (classical)
Arrhenius diffusion parameters, as a consequence, should extrapolate to low
temperatures.Comment: 4 pages, including 5 postscript figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. B
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A cross-sectional survey of supports for evidence-informed decision-making in healthcare organisations: a research protocol
Background: This protocol builds on the development of a) a framework that identified the various supports (i.e. positions, activities, interventions) that a healthcare organisation or health system can implement for evidence-informed decision-making (EIDM) and b) a qualitative study that showed the current mix of supports that some Canadian healthcare organisations have in place and the ones that are perceived to facilitate the use of research evidence in decision-making. Based on these findings, we developed a web survey to collect cross-sectional data about the specific supports that regional health authorities and hospitals in two Canadian provinces (Ontario and Quebec) have in place to facilitate EIDM. Methods/design This paper describes the methods for a cross-sectional web survey among 32 regional health authorities and 253 hospitals in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario (Canada) to collect data on the current mix of organisational supports that these organisations have in place to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making. The data will be obtained through a two-step survey design: a 10-min survey among CEOs to identify key units and individuals in regard to our objectives (step 1) and a 20-min survey among managers of the key units identified in step 1 to collect information about the activities performed by their unit regarding the acquisition, assessment, adaptation and/or dissemination of research evidence in decision-making (step 2). The study will target three types of informants: CEOs, library/documentation centre managers and all other key managers whose unit is involved in the acquisition, assessment, adaptation/packaging and/or dissemination of research evidence in decision-making. We developed an innovative data collection system to increase the likelihood that only the best-informed respondent available answers each survey question. The reporting of the results will be done using descriptive statistics of supports by organisation type and by province. Discussion This study will be the first to collect and report large-scale cross-sectional data on the current mix of supports health system organisations in the two most populous Canadian provinces have in place for evidence-informed decision-making. The study will also provide useful information to researchers on how to collect organisation-level data with reduced risk of self-reporting bias
Pregnancy in women with pulmonary hypertension
Women with pulmonary hypertension have a high risk of morbidity and mortality during pregnancy. The inability to increase cardiac output leads to heart failure while further risks are introduced with hypercoagulability and decrease in systemic vascular resistance. There is no proof that new advanced therapies for pulmonary hypertension decrease the risk, though some promising results have been reported. However, pregnancy should still be regarded as contraindicated in women with pulmonary hypertension. When pregnancy occurs and termination is declined, pregnancy and delivery should be managed by multidisciplinary services with experience in the management of both pulmonary hypertension and high-risk pregnancies
European Respiratory Society International Congress 2018: four shades of epidemiology and tobacco control
In this article, early career members and experienced members of the Epidemiology and Environment Assembly of the European Respiratory Society highlight and summarise a selection of six sessions from the Societyâs annual congress, which in 2018 was held in Paris, France. The topics covered in these sessions span from cutting-edge molecular epidemiology of lung function to clinical, occupational and environmental epidemiology of respiratory disease, and from emergent tobacco products to tobacco control
An adverbial approach for the formal specification of topological constraints involving regions with broad boundaries
Topological integrity constraints control the topological properties of spatial objects and the validity of their topological relationships in spatial databases. These constraints can be specified by using formal languages such as the spatial extension of the Object Constraint Language (OCL). Spatial OCL allows the expression of topological constraints involving crisp spatial objects. However, topological constraints involving spatial objects with vague shapes (e.g., regions with broad boundaries) are not supported by this language. Shape vagueness requires using appropriate topological operators (e.g., strongly Disjoint, fairly Meet) to specify valid relations between these objects; otherwise, the constraints cannot be respected. This paper addresses the problem of the lack of terminology to express topological constraints involving regions with broad boundaries. We propose an extension of Spatial OCL based on a geometric model for objects with vague shapes and an adverbial approach for topological relations between regions with broad boundaries. This extension of Spatial OCL is then tested on an agricultural database
The impact of information presentation and cognitive dissonance on processing systematic review summaries: a randomized controlled trial on bicycle helmet legislation
Background: Summaries of systematic reviews are a reference method for the dissemination of research evidence on the effectiveness of public health interventions beyond the scientific community. Motivated reasoning and cognitive dissonance may interfere with readersâ ability to process the information included in such summaries. Methods: We conducted a web experiment on a panel of university-educated North Americans (N = 259) using a systematic review of the effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation as a test case. The outcome variables were the perceived tentativeness of review findings and attitude toward bicycle helmet legislation. We manipulated two types of uncertainty: (i) deficient uncertainty (inclusion vs. non-inclusion of information on limitations of the studies included in the review) and (ii) consensus uncertainty (consensual findings showing legislation effectiveness vs. no evidence of effectiveness). We also examined whether reported expertise in helmet legislation and the frequency of wearing a helmet while cycling interact with the experimental factors. Results: None of the experimental manipulations had a main effect on the perceived tentativeness. The presentation of consensual efficacy findings had a positive main effect on the attitude toward the legislation. Self-reported expertise had a significant main effect on the perceived tentativeness, and exposing participants with reported expertise to results showing a lack of evidence of efficacy increased their favorable attitude toward the legislation. Participantsâ helmet use was positively associated with their attitude toward the legislation (but not with perceived tentativeness). Helmet use did not interact with the experimental manipulations. Conclusions: Motivated reasoning and cognitive dissonance influence a readerâs ability to process information contained in a systematic review summary
Experiencing food insecurity in childhood: influences on eating habits and body weight in young adulthood
Abstract
Objective:
To examine how food insecurity in childhood up to adolescence relates to eating habits and weight status in young adulthood.
Design:
A longitudinal study design was used to derive trajectories of household food insecurity from age 4.5 to 13 years. Multivariable linear and logistical regression analyses were performed to model associations between being at high risk of food insecurity from age 4.5 to 13 years and both dietary and weight outcomes at age 22 years.
Setting:
A birth cohort study conducted in the Province of Quebec, Canada.
Participants:
698 young adults participating in the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development.
Results:
After adjusting for sex, maternal education and immigrant status, household income and type of family, being at high risk (compared to low risk) of food insecurity in childhood up to adolescence was associated with consuming higher quantities of sugar-sweetened beverages (Ăadj: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.27-1.00), non-whole-grain cereal products (Ăadj: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.07-0.56), and processed meat (Ăadj: 0.14; 95% CI: 0.02-0.25), with skipping breakfast (ORadj: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.08-3.53), with eating meals prepared out of home (ORadj: 3.38; 95% CI: 1.52-9.02), with experiencing food insecurity (ORadj: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.91-4.76), and with being obese (ORadj: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.12-3.64), once reaching young adulthood.
Conclusion:
Growing up in families experiencing food insecurity may negatively influence eating habits and weight status later in life. Our findings reinforce the importance of public-health policies and programs tackling poverty and food insecurity, particularly for families with young children
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