350 research outputs found

    Block partitions: an extended view

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    Given a sequence S=(s1,
,sm)∈[0,1]mS=(s_1,\dots,s_m) \in [0, 1]^m, a block BB of SS is a subsequence B=(si,si+1,
,sj)B=(s_i,s_{i+1},\dots,s_j). The size bb of a block BB is the sum of its elements. It is proved in [1] that for each positive integer nn, there is a partition of SS into nn blocks B1,
,BnB_1, \dots , B_n with ∣bi−bjâˆŁâ‰€1|b_i - b_j| \le 1 for every i,ji, j. In this paper, we consider a generalization of the problem in higher dimensions

    The Topological Structure of Maximal Lattice Free Convex Bodies: The General Case

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    Given a generic m x n matrix A , the simplicial complex K ( A ) is deïŹned to be the collection of simplices representing maximal lattice point free convex bodies of the form { x : Ax \u3c b }. The main result of this paper is that the topological space associated with K ( A ) is homeomorphic with R m -1

    Maximizing the Total Resolution of Graphs

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    A major factor affecting the readability of a graph drawing is its resolution. In the graph drawing literature, the resolution of a drawing is either measured based on the angles formed by consecutive edges incident to a common node (angular resolution) or by the angles formed at edge crossings (crossing resolution). In this paper, we evaluate both by introducing the notion of "total resolution", that is, the minimum of the angular and crossing resolution. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time where the problem of maximizing the total resolution of a drawing is studied. The main contribution of the paper consists of drawings of asymptotically optimal total resolution for complete graphs (circular drawings) and for complete bipartite graphs (2-layered drawings). In addition, we present and experimentally evaluate a force-directed based algorithm that constructs drawings of large total resolution

    Matrices with Identical Sets of Neighbors

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    Given a generic m by n matrix A , a lattice point h in Z is a neighbor of the origin if the body { x : Ax \u3c b }, with b i = max{0, a i h }, i = 1, 
, m , contains no lattice point other than 0 and h . The set of neighbors, N ( A ), is ïŹnite and Asymmetric. We show that if A’ is another matrix of the same size with the property that sign a i h = sign a i ’ h for every i and every h in N ( A ), then A’ has precisely the same set of neighbors as A . The collection of such matrices is a polyhedral cone, described by a ïŹnite set of linear inequalities, each such inequality corresponding to a generator of one of the cones C i = pos( h in N ( A ): a i h \u3c 0}. Computational experience shows that C i has “few” generators. We demonstrate this in the ïŹrst nontrivial case n = 3, m = 4

    Bounded-Angle Spanning Tree: Modeling Networks with Angular Constraints

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    We introduce a new structure for a set of points in the plane and an angle α\alpha, which is similar in flavor to a bounded-degree MST. We name this structure α\alpha-MST. Let PP be a set of points in the plane and let 0<α≀2π0 < \alpha \le 2\pi be an angle. An α\alpha-ST of PP is a spanning tree of the complete Euclidean graph induced by PP, with the additional property that for each point p∈Pp \in P, the smallest angle around pp containing all the edges adjacent to pp is at most α\alpha. An α\alpha-MST of PP is then an α\alpha-ST of PP of minimum weight. For α<π/3\alpha < \pi/3, an α\alpha-ST does not always exist, and, for α≄π/3\alpha \ge \pi/3, it always exists. In this paper, we study the problem of computing an α\alpha-MST for several common values of α\alpha. Motivated by wireless networks, we formulate the problem in terms of directional antennas. With each point p∈Pp \in P, we associate a wedge WpW_p of angle α\alpha and apex pp. The goal is to assign an orientation and a radius rpr_p to each wedge WpW_p, such that the resulting graph is connected and its MST is an α\alpha-MST. (We draw an edge between pp and qq if p∈Wqp \in W_q, q∈Wpq \in W_p, and ∣pqâˆŁâ‰€rp,rq|pq| \le r_p, r_q.) Unsurprisingly, the problem of computing an α\alpha-MST is NP-hard, at least for α=π\alpha=\pi and α=2π/3\alpha=2\pi/3. We present constant-factor approximation algorithms for α=π/2,2π/3,π\alpha = \pi/2, 2\pi/3, \pi. One of our major results is a surprising theorem for α=2π/3\alpha = 2\pi/3, which, besides being interesting from a geometric point of view, has important applications. For example, the theorem guarantees that given any set PP of 3n3n points in the plane and any partitioning of the points into nn triplets, one can orient the wedges of each triplet {\em independently}, such that the graph induced by PP is connected. We apply the theorem to the {\em antenna conversion} problem

    Continuum Surface Energy from a Lattice Model

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    We investigate connections between the continuum and atomistic descriptions of deformable crystals, using certain interesting results from number theory. The energy of a deformed crystal is calculated in the context of a lattice model with general binary interactions in two dimensions. A new bond counting approach is used, which reduces the problem to the lattice point problem of number theory. The main contribution is an explicit formula for the surface energy density as a function of the deformation gradient and boundary normal. The result is valid for a large class of domains, including faceted (polygonal) shapes and regions with piecewise smooth boundaries.Comment: V. 1: 10 pages, no fig's. V 2: 23 pages, no figures. Misprints corrected. Section 3 added, (new results). Intro expanded, refs added.V 3: 26 pages. Abstract changed. Section 2 split into 2. Section (4) added material. V 4, 28 pages, Intro rewritten. Changes in Sec.5 (presentation only). Refs added.V 5,intro changed V.6 address reviewer's comment

    Analogues of the central point theorem for families with dd-intersection property in Rd\mathbb R^d

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    In this paper we consider families of compact convex sets in Rd\mathbb R^d such that any subfamily of size at most dd has a nonempty intersection. We prove some analogues of the central point theorem and Tverberg's theorem for such families

    Excitation and relaxation in atom-cluster collisions

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    Electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom in atom-cluster collisions are treated simultaneously and self-consistently by combining time-dependent density functional theory with classical molecular dynamics. The gradual change of the excitation mechanisms (electronic and vibrational) as well as the related relaxation phenomena (phase transitions and fragmentation) are studied in a common framework as a function of the impact energy (eV...MeV). Cluster "transparency" characterized by practically undisturbed atom-cluster penetration is predicted to be an important reaction mechanism within a particular window of impact energies.Comment: RevTeX (4 pages, 4 figures included with epsf
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