Current approaches and future perspectives on strategies for the development of personalized tissue engineering therapies

Personalized tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) therapies propose patient-oriented effective solutions, considering individual needs. Cell-based therapies, for example, may benefit from cell sources that enable easier autologous set-ups or from recent developments on IPS cells technologies towards effective personalized therapeutics. Furthermore, the customization of scaffold materials to perfectly fit a patientâ s tissue defect through rapid prototyping technologies, also known as 3D printing, is now a reality. Nevertheless, the timing to expand cells or to obtain functional in vitrotissue substitutes prior to implantation prevents advancements towards routine use upon patient´s needs. Thus, personalized therapies also anticipate the importance of creating off-the-shelf solutions to enable immediately available tissue engineered products. This paper reviews the main recent developments and future challenges to enable personalized TERM approaches and to bring these technologies closer to clinical applications.The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support of the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology for the post-doctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/111729/2015) and Recognize (UTAP-ICDT/CTM-BIO/0023/2014), and the project RL3 -TECT -NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000020 co-financed by ON.2 (NSRF), through ERDF

Phenotypic and functional study of progenitor mesenchymal and hematopoietic cells of placenar blood in comparison of the bone marrow and the adult peripheral blood

Les cellules souches mésenchymateuses (CSM) sont des cellules souches adultes qui sont à l’origine des cellules des lignages ostéoblastique (O), adipocytaire (A) et chondroblastique (C). Les CSM ont initialement trouvées dans la moelle osseuse mais il en existe également dans d’autres tissus comme le sang de cordon ombilical (SCO). Dotées d’un potentiel régénératif, les CSM peuvent utilisées dans diverses pathologies dégénératives dans un but de réparation tissulaire. En outre, leurs propriétés immunosuppressives ont conduit à envisager leur utilisation dans un but d’immunomodulation comme lors des réactions de greffon contre l’hôte dans les greffes de cellules souches hématopoïétiques (CSH) allo-géniques. Le but essentiel de ce travail a été de comparer les caractéristiques des CSM issues du SCO en comparaison de celles issues de la moelle osseuse (MO). Dans l’optique d’applications en médecine régénérative, nous avons tout d’abord testé la possibilité d’utiliser, dans les milieux de culture d’expansion des CSM de SCO et de MO, un lysat plaquettaire d’origine humaine (HPL) comme substitut au sérum de veau fœtal (SVF) source possible de contaminations.The mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are adult stem cells which are at the origin of the ostebiastic lignage cells (O), adipocytes (A) and chondrobiasts (C). The MSC are initially found in the bone marrow (BM) but it also exists there in other tissues as the umbilical cord blood (UCB).Endowed with a regenerative potential, MSC can used in diverse degenerative pathologies in a purpose of tissular repair. Besides, their immunosuppressive properties allowed to envisage their use in a purpose of immunomodulation as during the reactions of transplant against the host in allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSC). The essential purpose of this work was to compare the characteristics of the MSC derived from the UCB in comparison to those stemming from the bone marrow (BM)

Immunophenotyping of hematopoietic progenitor cells: Comparison between cord blood and adult mobilized blood grafts

AIM: To study the immunophenotype of hematopoietic progenitor cells from cord blood (CB) grafts (n = 39) in comparison with adult apheresis grafts (AG, n = 229) and pre-apheresis peripheral blood (PAPB) samples (n = 908) using flow cytometry analysis

The Effects of Inhibiting Hedgehog Signaling Pathways by Using Specific Antagonist Cyclopamine on the Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

This study aimed to investigate the effects of cyclopamine, a specific inhibitor of Hedgehog signaling pathways, on the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). During culture, the experimental groups were treated with cyclopamine and their cell proliferation status was assessed using the MTT test. The extra-bone cellular matrix (ECM) and Collagen II (Col II) was detected by toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry of cells. The concentrations of Col II and aggrecan in the culture solution and cytosol were detected using ELISA on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days of cyclopamine induction. Gene and protein expression of Col II and aggrecan were analyzed on the 14th day of cyclopamine induction using real-time PCR and western blot analyses. No significant differences in proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells were found between the control group and the group treated with cyclopamine. Compared to the blank control group, the ECM level was low and the protein and mRNA concentrations of Collagen II (Col II) and aggrecan in the culture solution and cytosol, respectively, were significantly reduced in the experimental group. The Smo acted as a key point in the regulations of Hedgehog signaling pathway on the chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit MSCs